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A HISTORY OF 

D UNST ER 



A HISTORY OF 

D U N ST E R 

AND OF THE FAMILIES OF 
MOHUN ^ LUTTRELL 

BY 

SIR H.C.MAXWELL LYTE,K.C.B. 

Deputy Keeper of the Records. 



PART II 



I L L us T RA TED 



LONDON 
THE ST. CATHERINE PRESS LTD 

8 YORK BUILDINGS, ADELPHI 
1909 



t^ 



CHAPTER X. 

The topography of Dunster, 



The station of the Great Western Railway bearing 
the name of ' Dunster ' is actually in the parish of 
Carhampton. A little to the south of it stands Marsh 
Bridge, formerly of some importance as situate on the 
road between the Haven, or sea-port, of Dunster and 
the town. It was reckoned to be in Dunster, and in 
the middle ages the commonalty of that borough was 
responsible for its maintenance. ^ Higher Marsh, 
now a farmhouse close by, seems to occupy the site 
of Marsh Place, the cradle of the Stewkleys, who 
eventually became rich and migrated to Hinton 
Ampner in Hampshire. Further south are several 
scattered houses, dignified collectively by the name 
of Marsh Street. 

There were formerly two public approaches to the 
town of Dunster from the north. One of these, 
known in the fourteenth century as Brook Lane, 
diverged from the highroad between Carhampton and 
Minehead at the western end of Loxhole Bridge, 
formerly Brooklanefoot Bridge, which spans the river 
that there divides the parishes of Carhampton and 
Dunster. ^ The other, skirting round the eastern 
side of Conigar, was a southern continuation of Marsh 
Street, and was anciently known as St. Thomas's Street, 

' D.C.M. XII. 4. Wills, vol. iii. p. 195. 

* D.C.M. I. 4 ; Somerset Medieval 



■■>..■. 



330 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. x. 

from a chapel on the north side of it, dedicated to 
that saint. ^ After the disappearance of the chapel, 
the street gradually acquired a new name. In 1735, 
Dr. Poole was fined 6s. %d. by the court of the 
borough " for causing cobb to be made in the street 
called Rattle Row, otherwise called St. Thomas's 
Street, in the common highway leading from Dunster 
town's end to Minehead. " Brook Lane and Rattle 
Row were alike superseded, soon after 1830, by a 
broader and easier ascent to the town, about midway 
between them. The course of the former is still 
marked by a right of way for pedestrians ; the latter 
is closed. 

Near the place where the two roads from the north 
converged stood of old ' le barrys, ' which was pre- 
sumably one of the boundaries of the space available 
for markets and fairs. In the reign of Henry the 
Seventh, there is mention of ' le est baryer ' and ' le 
west baryer. ' "" The rising ground to the right of 
the former has for some time been known as ' the 
Ball. ' In 1743, John Delbridge was presented at 
the local court for making an encroachment on the 
lady's waste, by building on a place called ' the Ball. ' 
Few street views in England have been more often 
drawn, painted, and photographed than that from 
this spot, with the Luttrell Arms Hotel on the left 
and the Market-House on the right, backed by the 
wooded Tor and the Castle. 

The main street of Dunster running southward 
from the Ball, has, in the course of centuries, borne 
various names. In the reign of Henry the Third, 
Reynold de Mohun styles it North Street (yicus del 
Nord). ' In 1362 and 1432, it is called ' Chepyng- 

' D.C.M. XII. 4 ; XIX. 4. ' See above, page 277. 

» D.C.M. xui. I. 







a 

X 



H 



CH. X. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 331 

strete, ' rendered in Latin as ' Vicus Foralis. ' At a 
later period, the old English name was supplanted by 
an equivalent in the form of ' la Market Streete, ' 
which occurs in 1478. Eleven years later, it is called 
* Eststrete. ^ In 1648, there is mention of ' the 
markett streete of Dunster called the High Streete.' ^ 
Savage, in 1830, describes it as ' Fore Street. ' ^ 

A little to the south of the Ball stood the Corn 
Cross, mentioned in 1705 as close to the Wheat 
Market. To the east of it was a building known as 
the Tub House. The whole site is now quite bare. 

Nothing is known as to the exact date of the 
erection of the octagonal Market-House which is one 
of the most picturesque objects of the sort in England. 
It may, however, be ascribed to George Luttrell, the 
first of that name. The sellers of cloth or other 
merchandise formerly stood under its shelter back to 
back and carried on their business with purchasers 
outside. One of the rafters still has a hole through 
it made by a cannon-ball from the Castle during the 
siege in the middle of the seventeenth century. The 
roof must have been renewed after this, for the vane 
bears the initials of the second George Luttrell, with 
the date ' 1 647. ' 

Some shambles were erected in the Market Street 
of Dunster in 1423, with timber from the Hanger 
Park close by.* Various pictures and plans made in 
the early part of the nineteenth century show that 
they extended some distance southward from the 
Market-House, thus dividing the street into two 
parallel ways, the eastern much wider than the west- 
ern. In the middle was the wooden building known 
as the Town Hall. There is a record in 1426 of the 

' D.C.M. VIII. 2. ' Hundred ofCarhauiptoii, p. 381 

» D.C.M. XV. 30 * D.C.M. xi.'3. 



332 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. x. 

cost of making a new pillory (collistrtgium) in the 
market-place with timber brought from Marshwood. ^ 
A prison, or ' stockhowse, ' is mentioned in the seven- 
teenth century. ^ Each trade had its own section of 
the shambles, and the lord got rent from all. In the 
seventeenth century, the rate for ' shops inclosed ' 
was much higher than that for ' standings ' occupied 
by butchers, shoemakers and the like. ^ The old 
Town Hall, the range of shops in the middle of the 
street, and the open shambles were alike demolished 
in 1825, when "a new and convenient market house," 
not remarkable for beauty, was erected by John Fownes 
Luttrell on the eastern side of the street. * Some 
medieval shambles may still be seen in the county of 
Somerset at Shepton Mallet. ^ 

The first building on the left is the well-known 
hostelry called the Luttrell Arms Hotels which appears 
to occupy the site of three ancient houses. In 1443, 
William Dodesham, son and heir of Ellen daughter 
and heiress of Robert Homond, conveyed to Richard 
Luttrell, esquire, two messuages on the east side of 
the Market Street of Dunster, bounded on the south 
by a house already belonging to the purchaser, on 
the north by the road leading towards Marsh, and on 
the east by the park of the lord of Dunster. The 
property, which was in the hands of feoffees in 1467, 
was, in 1499, conveyed to Sir Hugh Luttrell and 
Margaret his wife in fee, and it thus became an in- 
tegral part of the demesne of subsequent lords of 
Dunster. * 

The arched doorway, with quatrefoils in the span- 

' D.C.M. XI. 3. 5 See the illustrations in Proceedings 

* D.C.M. XV. 30. of the Somerset Archaeological Society^ 
» D.C.M. XI. 51. vol. liii. 

* Sa\age's Hundred 0/ Carhamptou, « D.C.M. viii. 2. 
p. 381. 









IN THK LITTRELL ARMS HOTEL. 



fx3^?teiS^ 









IN THE CASTLE. 

OXKli.M.WlKI.S, 
DKXSTKR. 



CH. X. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 



333 



drels, and the northern wing may perhaps be assigned 
to the early part of the sixteenth century. The 
exterior of the latter is richly carved in oak, having 
a double row of windows with panelling between 
them, not unlike that of the principal screen in the 
church. An open roof to the upper storey was until 
a few years ago hidden by a plaster ceiling. 

The porch-tower facing the street and part of the 
adjoining fabric appear to have been built, or very 
materially altered, between the years 1622 and 1629. 

In one of the rooms on 
the first floor, there is a 
shield commemorating 
the marriage of George 
Luttrell of Dunster Castle 
and his second wife, Sil- 
vestra Capps. In another 
room there is a remark- 
able plaster overmantel 
of the same period. An oval in the centre of it 
is believed to represent Actaeon being devoured by 
hounds. On either side stands a lady richly attired, 
each, however, showing one leg quite bare from the 
thigh downwards. Above, two lions carry shields of 
the arms of England and France. A male figure 
within a triangle between them may possibly be 
intended to represent either the King of the day or 
George Luttrell. The face is almost grotesque. An 
overmantel at Dunster Castle, obviously by the same 
hand, bears the date ' 1620,' and there is a third 
example of his work at Marshwood. 

The whole building has been an inn for a consider- 
able period. In a valuation of the year 1651, it is 
described as ' The Ship, ' and entered as worth 1 6/. a 
year. At the beginning of 1736, a large new sign- 




334 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. x. 

post made of timber and iron was set up in front 
of the house and painted by Richard Phelps. The 
keepers of some other inns and taverns in Dunster 
may have regarded it as prejudicial to their interests. 
The following occurs in the record of the borough 
court held in October of that year ; — 

" We present Philip Harrison for his base usage to the 
lord of the manor for pulling down and destroying of the 
sign and sign-post belonging to the house called the Ship 
Inn in Dunster, being a very great imposition upon the lord 
of the manor and cost and charge, for which we do amerce 
the said Phihp Harrison 5/. " 

The matter did not stop here, for, in 1739, the 
receiver of Miss Margaret Luttrell's rents debited 
himself with 11/. los, from William Hoyle and 
Philip Harrison, " moneys recovered on a judgment, 
for pulling down the sign of the Ship. " 

Some greater misfortune afterwards befell the house, 
for in 1777, "the ruins of the old .S/^/)) /i'z^ and garden, " 
yielded no rent. In the autumn of that year, James 
Stowey prepared " a plan and elevation for the Ship 
Inn " at a charge of i/. lis. 6d. After the necessary 
alterations, the premises became the Luttrell Arms 
Hotels and advertisements for a suitable tenant were 
issued in 1779. So conservative, however, were the 
parochial authorities that they continued for ten years 
to assess them under the name of the Ship Inn. The 
landlord, John Mountstephen, of course called his 
house by the name which it still bears. ^ 

Several houses in High Street retain traces of Eliza- 
bethan work, although most of their exteriors have 
been unfortunately modernized. At the bottom of 
the street stood formerly the High Cross, called also 
the Market Cross and, later, the Butter Cross. From 

' Chadwick Healey's Hislory of part of West Somerset, p. 400. 




.1' ITKI'l.L AU.MS ll()|i:i 
nCNSTI-R. 

TllK KNTRAXCi:. 



CH. X. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 335 

this point a direct continuation of High Street leads 
steeply up to the Castle Bailey, while the main 
thoroughfare turns sharply to the right. 

The house next but one to the south-western end 
of High Street once belonged to the Abbey of Cleeve 
and was known as ' le Smyth ' ' The last house in 
the street was known in the fifteenth century as ' le 
Cornershoppe. ' After being rebuilt by William Snell 
about 1 410, it came to be called ' the Cage House, ' 
presumably on account of its shape and wooden con- 
struction. ' The ancient cellars remain, but all the 
rest of it was rebuilt in the early part of the nineteenth 
century by Dr. Abraham, who had bought the house 
from John Fownes Luttrell. The house adjoining it 
on the west, once belonging to the chantry of St. 
Lawrence, was rebuilt at the same time. Opposite 
to the Cage House was ' the Glasiar's House, ' men- 
tioned under that name in 1647 and again 1684. ^ 

The thoroughfare turning westward between the 
Cage House and the Glazier's House has borne dif- 
ferent names. In 1367, it is called simply " the 
street which leads from Market Street towards the 
churchyard. " * So again in 1636, it is called " the 
strete which leadeth from the Markett Crosse towards 
the church of Dunster. " ^ It was, however, generally 
known as ' New Street ' in the fifteenth and sixteenth 
centuries.*^ Conveyances of the years 1781, 1804, 
and 1834, describe it 'Middle Street,' while the 
parochial authorities of 1760 and 1782 called it 
' Church Street, ' the name which it now bears. 

On the north side of Church Street and separated 
from the Corner Shop, or Cage House, by a tenement 

> D.C.B. no. 44. ^ D.C.M. in. 12 ; xv. 38. 

- D.C.M. I. 27 ; III. 12 ; VIII. 2 ; xiii. * D.C.B. no. 43. 

2 ; XV. 37 ; Rentals of 1739 & 1777 ; ^ D.C.M. xv. 49. 

Rate-book of 1774. « D.C.B. no. 91. D.C.M. passim. 



336 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. x. 

formerly belonging to the Chantry of St. Lawrence 
is a long and picturesque building with projecting 
eaves partially covered with small slates. In 1346, 
Hugh Pyrou (or Pero) of Oaktrow in Cutcombe ob- 
tained royal licence to grant to the Abbot and Con- 
vent of Cleeve in mortmain three messuages and a 
yearly rent of i2d. in Dunster. ^ His benefaction 
probably included the site of this building, which may 
have been erected by the monks soon afterwards. 
The finials of the two gables and a small original 
window in the eastern wall seem to date from the 
fourteenth century. In course of time the Abbot 
and Convent acquired several houses in Dunster, in- 
cluding the smithy already mentioned and a fulling 
mill in the western part of the town. Their rent 
therefrom amounted in 1535, to 4/. 71., out of which 
they used to pay 4J-. to the Castle of Dunster, pre- 
sumably the old rent of four burgages, and to dis- 
tribute I js, in alms for the soul of Pyrou and others.^ 
At the dissolution of the monasteries, all their property 
passed to the Crown, which consequently became 
liable to the Luttrells for the rent of 4/. 

In 1609, George Salter of the parish of St. Dunstan 
in the West, London, gentleman, bought from the 
King a great number of houses and lands in different 
parts of England, including the houses in Dunster 
that had belonged to Cleeve Abbey. ^ He seems to 
have been either an agent for other persons, or a specu- 
lator on his own account, for he soon split up his 
purchase.^ Further subdivisions followed in the course 
of the next few years, and it was not until 1620 that 
Robert Quircke of Minehead, mariner, acquired the two 
separate tenements in Dunster " commonly knowne 

' Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1345- ^ Patent Roll, 7 Jac. I. parts 22, 34, 35. 

'34S, p. 67. 1 Close Roll, 10 Jac. i. part 32. 

' Valor Ecclcsiasticus, vol. i. p. 217. 



CH. X. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 337 

by the name or names of ' the Highe Howse or 
Howses, ' " subject to a yearly rent of i/. to the 
Crown. When sold again in 1683, it comprised four 
several dwellings, but in 1703 there were only three 
tenants. In 1781, it is described as " that dwelling 
house called or known by the name of ' the High 
House, ' lately converted into a malthouse, with a 
kiln thereon for drying malt. " By 1 834, the maltster 
has disappeared and a joiner had taken his place. 
The building now comprises two dwellings not used 
for trade. As late as 1804, it is described in a con- 
veyance by its ancient and appropriate name of ' the 
High House, ' but in 1769, and perhaps earlier, it 
was commonly known as ' the old Nunnery. ' This 
misnomer is thoroughly characteristic of the eighteenth 
century, when the wildest theories about history and 
antiquities found ready acceptance. There was never 
any establishment of religious women at Dunster ; no 
nunnery even owned a particle of land in the parish. 

From the High House, Church Street proceeds 
past a garden formerly belonging to the Priory to the 
churchyard, at the south-eastern corner of which 
there is a picturesque timbered cottage of the sixteenth 
century, which also pertained to the monks. This is 
described in 1588 as "the stone-healled howse, " a 
fact of which the late Mr. Street was unaware, when 
he covered the roof with tiles and rebuilt the chimneys 
in a style suggestive of Sussex rather than Somerset. ^ 

In the southern wall of the churchyard there is a 
large arched recess of the middle ages, the original 
purpose of which has given rise to various conject- 
ures. It was almost certainly a fountain, connected 
with ' le cundyte ' in New Street which is mentioned 
in the reign of Henry the Sixth. ^ In the seventeenth 

> D.C.M. XIV, 26. » D.C.M. XI. 3 ; xviii. 3. 



338 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. x. 

and eighteenth centuries, the ' bow ' in the wall of the 
graveyard was let as a shop and yielded is. a year to 
the churchwardens. It is now empty. Close to it 
are some steps leading from the street to the south- 
western corner of the churchyard and described as a 
staircase {scald) in 1348.^ 

In front of the churchyard, the main road through 
Dunster turns sharply to the south-west, and assumes 
the name of West Street. It is mentioned by that 
name in the thirteenth century, and it has borne it 
ever since. The point at which it is intersected by 
a road on either side was known in the seventeenth 
century as Spear's Cross. In i486, there is mention 
of " the cross opposite to the dwelling-house {man- 
sionem) of William Sper, " doubtless identical with 
"la crosse in la Westestrete " mentioned in 1413.^ 
Here there is a Wesleyan Chapel of 1878, which 
does not harmonize with its picturesque surroundings. 

The road on the left was formerly one of the prin- 
cipal streets of Dunster, containing houses belonging 
to different freeholders. From its position imme- 
diately under the stronghold of the Mohuns and the 
Luttrells it was called, in the fourteenth and fifteenth 
centuries, ' Castelbayly, ' ' le Castellebale, ' ' le Baley 
Strete, ' or simply ' le Baleye. ' One branch of it 
turned northward into Market Street, another south- 
ward up the hill to the gate of the Castle. Eastward 
it led to St. Benet's Well, to the Hanger Park, and to 
the Barton, or home-farm, of the medieval lords of 
Dunster. ^ In course of time, the Luttrells bought 
out all the smaller proprietors in the street, and put 
their own dependents into such houses as they did 
not demolish. This process was completed by 1791, 

' D.C.B. no. II. » D.C.B. no. 66. 

* D.C.M. XI. 2 ; xni. I. 




r'-^^- 



'" tCT 



A COTTAGK DOORWAY. 



ST. GEORGK S STRKF.T, 

dunsti:r. 



CH. X. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 339 

when the road is described as ' Castle Street. ' The 
older name of ' Castle Bailey ' was in use as late as 
1769. The road has no name at present and it has 
long since ceased to be a public thoroughfare. Here 
are the dairy, the stables, the coach-house, and the 
farm-yard pertaining to the Castle above. 

From the western end of the Castle Bailey there 
is an ancient and hilly road to Alcombe and Mine- 
head, the first section of which, in the town of 
Dunster, is known as ' St. George's Street, ' because 
it skirts the grave-yard of the church dedicated to 
that Saint. It is mentioned by that name in 131 1. 
Opposite to the churchyard are the schools, erected 
in 1 87 1, from designs by Mr. St. Aubyn, at the cost 
of the Revd. Thomas Fownes Luttrell, and now 
let to the Somerset County Council. Behind them 
is the cemetery enclosed in 1880, and behind that 
again are some allotments. On the right of St. 
George's Street was the former Priory Green, and 
further up is Rockhead. ^ According to local 
tradition, the shaft of a medieval cross, raised on 
several steps, at Rockhead, was removed thither, in 
1825, from the junction of High Street and Church 
Street. It is accordingly marked in the Ordnance 
Survey as the * Butter Cross. ' While the tradition 
may be true enough with regard to the existing 
remains, or part of them, a number of workmen 
were employed by Henry Fownes Luttrell in 1776, 
in " levelling the ground round the cross at Rockhead 
and gravelling the road towards Conigar. " 

Conduit Lane on the left of St. George's Street 
leads steeply up the northern slope of Grabbist, past a 
little medieval building that encloses the spring known 
as St. Leonard's Well. This is mentioned, in 1375 

' D C.B. no. 20. 



340 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. x. 

as being ' under Grobbefast. " ^ The Benedictine 
Prior of Dunster was formerly responsible for the 
maintenance of the lane. ^ Pipes have been found in 
the ground leading from it to the Priory, and thence 
through the churchyard to the conduit in New Street 
mentioned above. 

The houses in West Street are for the most part 
later in date than those in High Street. Taverns 
and other buildings with distinctive signs were always 
less numerous there. A little above the street on the 
north stands the Cottage Hospital, established in 1867 
for the reception of nine patients. 

On the south of West Street a road skirting the 
base of the Tor diverges towards the old grist-mills 
mentioned in the previous chapter. Here the Wes- 
leyans placed a small school in 1825, which was 
rebuilt thirty years later. It is no longer used for its 
original purpose. Three small houses close to it, 
near the corner of West Street, were between 1696 
and 1699, let to the overseers of the parish, to serve 
as a workhouse. Several members of the Luttrell 
family made bequests to the poor of Dunster, and the 
accumulated capital remained for generations in the 
hands of successive owners of the Castle, who paid 
interest on it at varying rates. Curiously enough it 
came to be known as ' the Luttrell and Eld Charity, ' 
Eld having been merely the Master in Chancery who 
regulated the affairs of Margaret Luttrell the heiress. 
In the middle of the eighteenth century, the little 
workhouse was supposed to accommodate upwards 
of thirty persons, besides the housekeeper. The cost 
of maintaining the inmates was at that time is. td. 
apiece by the week, besides their clothes. Heather 
and turf for fuel came from the neighbouring hills. 

' D.C.B. no 39. » D.C.M. XI. i. 



CH. X. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 341 

Some receipts came from the sale of yarn made by the 
paupers. The workhouse seems to have been closed 
in 1836.' 

A second street diverging to the left of West Street 
was formerly one of the main approaches to the town 
of Dunster. It is described as ' la Waterstret ' in 
1323, and as * Gallokystret ' in 1342, and it long 
continued to bear these names indifferently. Neither 
name was more authoritative than the other. Both 
of them, especially the latter, occur frequently in 
conveyances, court- rolls and other legal documents. 
As late as the year 1800, there is a mention of 
* Gallox Street otherwise called Water Street, ' but 
by that time the name of Water Street had, in com- 
mon parlance, become restricted to the northern part 
of the thoroughfare and that of Gallocks Street to the 
southern part beyond the river. ^ A footpath, no 
longer public, connecting this street with the road to 
the grist-mills was known, in the fourteenth and 
fifteenth centuries, as ' Colyerslane, ' or simply ' le 
Lane. ' ' 

Carts going down Water Street can cross the water 
formerly known as ' le Oldstreme ' at a ford, by the 
side of which there is a picturesque medieval bridge 
of two arches. In the middle of the fourteenth cent- 
ury, this was known as ' Doddebrigge, ' but by the 
time of Henry the Seventh it had acquired the name 
of ' Gallockisbrigge, ' which it has since retained. * 

A little beyond the bridge, close to the present 
Park gate, and in the parish of Carhampton, was 
Gallocks Cross, where four roads met. ^ That which 
led westward to Frackford, on the way to Avill, is 
described, in 1756, as ' Galloxwell Lane.' The spring 

' D.C.B ; Overseers' accounts. ■• D.C.M. viii. 2 ; xv. 3, 39 

» Rate-book, 1774. * D.C.M. xv. 6, 28. 

^ D.C.M. VIII. 2 ; X. I. 



342 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. x. 

from which it took its name is mentioned in the reign 
of Henry the Seventh. ^ In 1708, Alexander Luttrell 
demised to Caleb Spurrier, glazier, two other springs 
near it, with a view to his laying leaden pipes there- 
from to cisterns at the High Cross and the Corner 
House in Dunster, and supplying seven hogsheads of 
water weekly to the Priory. One of these springs 
was called Heart's Well. 

From Gallocks Cross a public road, dating from 
the time of the Roman occupation of Britain, formerly 
led upwards in a south-easterly direction, near Hoi way 
House, the exact situation of which is now forgotten, 
to the village of Carhampton. Since the creation of 
the Deer Park, this has become a mere footpath. A 
third road from Gallocks Cross went north-eastwards 
by Avelham Corner, Henstey, Skibbercliff, and Gilt- 
chapel close to the junction of Saltern Lane with the 
present main road from Carhampton to Minehead. 
The Prior of Dunster was responsible for the repair 
of this road. ^ 

Gallockstreet, Gallocksbridge, Gallockscross, Gal- 
lockswell, Gallocksclose, Gallocksdown, and Gallocks- 
wood, alike take their names from the gallows per- 
taining to the early lords of Dunster. Close to 
Gallockscross is one of the entrances into the present 
deer-park. 

The area and the very situation of Dunster Park 
have altered considerably in the course of centuries, 
and some points connected with its history are obscure. 
There can be no doubt, however, that it was always 
of less account than Marshwood in the parish of 
Carhampton, so long as the latter was maintained as 
a park. It is described in 1279 as the "small park,*' 
and in i 330 as the " Hanger," a name which it bore 

' D.C.M. XV. 5. » D.C.M. VIII, 2 ; xviii, 6. 



CH. X. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 343 

until 1752 and possibly later. ^ Numerous documents 
show that the Hanger Park was close to the back-yards 
or gardens of the houses on the eastern side of the High 
Street, separated from them by a wooden paling, 
afterwards replaced by a stone wall. One acre of it 
was occupied by a fishpond. ^ 

In 1355, Sir John de Mohun lodged a complaint 
at Westminster that Philip of Luccombe, William 
Everard, John Everard, Robert Everard, Hugh of 
Durborough, Hugh of Crowdon, Thomas Denays 
parson of Selworthy, Simon Waleys, and Robert late 
parker of Minehead had carried away deer and young 
sparrow-hawks from his parks at Dunster, Minehead, 
and Marshwood, and hares, coneys, partridges and 
pheasants from his free warrens at Carhampton and 
Rodhuish, and assaulted Richard le Scolemaister, his 
collector of the toll of Dunster Fair. ^ 

Eleven years later, when he seems to have been in 
want of money, he demised to William Coule of 
Dunster his closes called 'le Hangre' and 'Nyweperk' 
in Carhampton for four years at the nominal rent of 
a rose, in consideration, doubtless, of value received. * 

During Lady de Mohun's long widowhood and 
absence from Somerset, the park, the vineyard, the 
orchard, and a garden called ' Puryhay ' in the park 
were alike let. Sir Hugh Luttrell coming to live at 
Dunster, took these different pieces of ground into 
his own hands, together with the fishery in the little 
river. ^ At his death in 1428, it was found that the 
Hanger Park contained a hundred acres of pasture 
and wood, worth 20s. a year beyond the feed of the 
deer therein. Marshwood Park, comprising two 

' Inq. post mortem, C. Edvv. I. file m. 24^. 

22 (I) ; Edw. HI. file 22 (11). •• D.C.M. xvil. i. 

■■' Mohun Cartulary. See p. 358. * D.C.M. x. i ; xi, i, 3 ; xvii 4 ; 

* Patent Roll, 29 Edw. H I. part i, xviii. 2. 



344 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. x. 

hundred and seventy acres was valued at double that 
amount. Minehead Park comprised a hundred and 
fifty acres. ^ 

Sir John Luttrell, son of Sir Hugh, granted the 
office of parker of the Hanger to a certain Benedict 
Tolose for life, with a yearly allowance of 40J-. out of 
the issues of the borough of Dunster, and granted the 
office of parker of Marshwood to a certain John Blaunche 
upon exactly similar terms. ^ It was the parker of 
the Hanger who used to kill coneys at the warren, 
for consumption at the Castle, and for presentation 
to the friends of the lord or lady. ^ 

At different dates there are mentions of the park 
pale by Loxhole Bridge, the park-pale below Henstey, 
and the pale between the park and Great Avel- 
ham. Hence it appears that the medieval park of 
Dunster comprised the sloping ground between the 
town and the river, and the northern part of the level 
ground beyond the river now known as ' the Lawn. ' 
Although Great Avelham on the south was afterwards 
added to it, the total area in the middle of the sixteenth 
century was only seventy-two acres. By that time 
Marshwood Park had also been reduced to a hundred 
acres, and Minehead Park had become agricultural 
land. " On the other hand the Luttrells' park at East 
Quantockshead had increased in importance. 

In 1 65 1, 'Dunster Parke alias Dunster Hanger' was 
valued at 120/. a year. ^ No record has been found 
of the date at which it was converted into pasture and 
meadow, but it is tolerably certain that there were 
not any deer there in the first half of the eighteenth 
century. A survey of the year 1746 shows that 
* the Higher Park, ' reckoned as part of the demesne 

' Inq. post mortem, 6 Hen. VI. no. 32. * See above page 160. 

* Inq. post mortem, 9 Hen. VI. no. 51. * D.C.M. III. 12. 

' D.C.M. XI. 3 ; XVIII. 3. 



CH. X. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 345 

of Dunster, was let to a certain John Hurford, and 
that ' the two Lawns, ' reckoned as part of the 
demesne of Carhampton, had recently been rented by 
a certain John Heme. There is at Dunster Castle a 
portrait of a man holding a fish, which is described 
in an inventory of 178 1, as a " picture of Old Her- 
ring. " Tradition had, however, misinterpreted the 
pun intended by the painter. An inventory of 1744 
calls it a " picture of Farmer Heme of Carhampton, 
drawn by Mr. Laroon to the life. "^ The allusion is 
to the fondness of a heron for fish. 

In 1755, Henry Fownes Luttrell and his wife 
determined " to bring the park home, " or in other 
words to remove the deer from Marshwood to Dun- 
ster. This involved the creation of a new park, and 
an area was selected for it which did not include any 
part of the medieval park, but lay entirely to the 
south of it on higher ground. Various plots of free- 
hold land had to be bought from their respective 
owners ; leases had to be extinguished, with compen- 
sation to the tenants; hedges had to be abolished; and 
a continuous fence had to be made to enclose the 
whole. Altogether the new park comprised three 
hundred and forty-eight acres, many of which, cover- 
ed with fern, whorts, and heather, had never been 
brought into cultivation. They are all situated in the 
parish of Carhampton. There is a detailed memor- 
andum about the construction of a wooden fence along 
certain portions of the boundary not otherwise safe- 
guarded : — 

" That part of the designed park that is to be paled is 
6390 feet long and will take as under : — 

"710 posts 7 J feet long, to be set 2 J feet into the ground, 
9 feet distance from the middle of one post to the middle of 

' Master Eld's Report in the suit Kymer v. Trevelyan, 1744. 



346 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. x. 

the other, the top of the upper mortice to be one foot under 
the top of the post, and the lower part of the under mortice 
to be four feet under the top of the post. 

" 1420 rails, 9 J feet long, the ends to be drove into the 
mortice, one over the other, with the heart upwards. 
4260 pales, 6 feet long ; 
7100 ditto, 5 J feet long. 

Set the sapey edge of one pale close to the harty edge of the 
next, nail a long pale on each side every post and then two 
short ones to one long one. Drive no more than two nails 
to one pale. 22720 nails will naile on the pales if none be 
lost. " 

The transfer of the deer from Marshv^rood to Dun- 
ster Park seems to have been effected in 1756 or the 
following year. A direct route having been prepared 
by cutting openings through intervening fences, a 
great part of the population of the neighbourhood 
turned out to drive the deer to pastures new^ and 
prevent them from straying to the right or the left 
on the way thither. 

Many of the trees in the existing park were plant- 
ed by Henry Fownes Luttrell, who had considerable 
taste in such matters. Some of the oaks, however, 
in the upper part of it are of very great antiquity, 
possibly relics of the forest of Dunster mentioned in 
the reign of Henry the Third. 

Among the various memoranda made by George 
Luttrell in the reigns of Elizabeth and James the 
First, the following are of some topographical inter- 
est : — 

" The perambulacon of processyon in the weke caulyd 
Processyon weke, or Gayn weeke, or Rogacon weke, of the 
parysh of Dunster. 

" The Monday in the Rogacon weke, the parysh going 
[toward] Alcombe a gospell sayd by Skilaker by the west 
part of the waye that lieth at the south part of Deneclose 
where somtyeme was a crosse, and from thence to Alcombe 




A COTTAGE DOORWAY, 

WATER STREET, 

DUNSTER. 



CH. X. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 347 

Crosse and there was accostomyd to be sayd a gospell, and 
from thence to the Chapell of Alcombe and theare a gospell, 
and from thence backwarde downe by the water to Yllycombe 
to Pyne's howse and theare a gospell, and thear the parysh 
were accostomed to have a drynkyng, and from thence to 
Dene Lane, and so to Dunster Church. 

" The Tewysdaye, upp St. George Strete and through Dene 
Lane and thear torne west by the Pekyd or Threcorner close 
along in the Marsh, and so over the Fresse to Dunster 
Hawn, and so from thence over the felde to go to Salterne 
Lane, and so by Gyltchapell alonge by the parck [pale] 
under Henstye to a crosse by thollow elme, and from thence 
leving Holwaye Howse and grounde which W. Hart now 
holdyth uppon the left hande, and so to Gallockes Crosse, 
and theare a gospell, and from thence over the stone brydge 
through Gallockes Strete and over the tymber brydge, and 
so home. 

" The Wennysdaye, from the church through Westrete 
over the sayd brydges through Gallockes Strete and by Jone 
Fynnes dore west in the way to Fayer Oke, and from thence 
to Avell and thear was accostomyd to be sayd servys in the 
chapell of Mary Maddaleyne and thear was a drynkyng for 
the parysh at Avell Howse, and then from thence the sayd 
parysh went over the water to Hurlepole path and so to the 
crosse that stoode by est [of Frajckford Howse, whear the 
bowndes of the burugh of Dunster begann, [and so] home." 

" The perambulacon of the processyon of the parysh 
of Carhampton in the Rogacon weke as followith : 

" The Monday, from the parysh church to the crosse in 
the strete which stode uppon the strete and from that 
southwarde to a howse or tenement nowe in tholdyng of 
Lawrence Escott thear and from thence west along by Jeles 
Dyes howse to Aller styele where was wont to be a crosse 
and thear sayd a gospell, and from thence to Colstones 
Crosse whear was sayd another gospell, and from thence to 
Holwaye Howse now W. Harte's, and so to Holwaye 
[Hollow] elme at Henstye fote and from thence to Henstye 
hedd and thear another gospell, and so home. 

" The Tewysdaie, from the church to the wester [thester] 
church styele and from thence by Henry Lee's towards 



348 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. x. 

Webber's and so towards Brethren Crosse and thear a gospell, 
and so upp by Hadley's howse and so towardes the parsonage 
of Wythicomb by Sanhill grounde to Laurence Escotte's and 
thear wont to be sayd a gospell, and thear was wont to be 
som refresshing for the pryst, and from thence to Rodehuysh 
by Chestershowse the wydo Doddrydg and to Georg Escot- 
te's and thear a gospell sayde and thear they dranck, and so 
to St. Barthemewe's Chapell whear they sayd a gospell, and 
from thence to Harry DowUe's howes whear they sayd a 
gospell, and dranck, and from thence to Poppers [Pyppers] 
Crosse where also was sayd a gospell, and from thence 
to Okehowse whear was sayd a gospell and drank, and so 
to Harpers and a gospell and thear they drank, and from 
thence they goo to a crosse that goyth to Lokesborowgh and 
thear was sayd a gospell, and from thence to Everarde's 
howse whear was wont to be sayd a gospell, but now they 
goo without hys wawles homeward by Lawrence Escotte's, 
Rogers howse and so to the Hundred Elme wher the Sherow 
turne is kept, and from thence to the churche agayne. 

"The Wennysdaye, westward along the towne to Dunster- 
ward and at the fotewaye entry going to Hensty thear was 
wont to be a crosse caulyd Emmys Crosse alias Lanhey 
Crosse, and thear was sayd a gospell, and from thence by 
Gyltchapell to the lorde's feelde gate and so along the waye 
in the north part of the parck to Broklanefote over the 
brydge thear and so along by Chapman's howse and the 
wydow Hobbes [Holes] and so over Marsshbrydge to 
Poynz' howse, and thear was sayd a gospell and was some 
refresshing, and from thence to Marchwaye estward along 
by all the Chesell and so to Marshwood and thear sayd a 
gospell and wear also wont to be refresshed, and from 
thence towards Shilves and to a crosse that was wont to 
stande by est the styele that goyth into Rogers grounde 
caulyd South C[arhamp]ton, and so home alonge the depe 
waye to the churche. " ^ 

' D.C.M. V. 55. The words given a shorter version also, in the execrable 
above within brackets are taken from hand of George Luttrell. 




i^5^r==^3g^ P JL R K 



MAP OF THE TOWN OF DUNSTER. 



CHAPTER XI 

DuNSTER Castle. 



Domesday Book mentions only two castles in the 
whole county of Somerset, that of the powerful Count 
of Mortain at Montacute, and that of William de 
Mohun at Dunster. Both were presumably strongly 
fortified according to the system in vogue at the time 
of the Norman Conquest. Much learning and in- 
genuity have been expended in the endeavour to fix 
the relative dates of the great mounds which charac- 
terize so many English castles of early origin and the 
massive stone structures that were erected upon them. 
This interesting question has, however, very little 
direct bearing upon the history of Dunster. On the 
one hand, it is practically certain that the stronghold 
of the first William de Mohun crowned the Tor, 
a conical hill, whose summit, artificially levelled, 
measures about thirty-five yards east and west by 
about seventy north and south. On the other hand, 
it is almost as certain that Dunster Castle never had 
one great tower, quadrangular like that of Rochester, 
or circular like that of Arundel. The defences were 
mainly natural, the bare slopes of the hill being very 
steep on all sides and almost precipitous in places. 
In order, however to make the place more secure 
against possible enemies, the upper part of the Tor 
was, where necessary, scarped to a depth of about 



350 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

eighty feet. Whatever may have been the material 
employed in building the original castle on the sum- 
mit, there was, neither in the eleventh century nor 
in the later middle ages, any need of the very massive 
construction used in castles more easy of attack. 
Such few notices of the keep as have been found tend 
to show that it comprised several buildings connected 
by walls of moderate height. 

If the account of Dunster Castle given by the 
author of Gesta Stephani may be taken as correct, the 
fabric subsisting in 1 1 3 8 had been created by the 
second William de Mohun, and this is not at all 
unlikely, in view of the undoubted fact that many 
Norman castles of the previous century had been 
made of wood. The walls and towers mentioned by 
the chronicler must certainly have been built of stone. 
His description, moreover, suggests that there was a 
lower ward, which, indeed, would have been necessary 
for the accommodation of the great number of men 
and horses collected for warlike purposes by the then 
lord of Dunster. ^ No traces of distinctively Norman 
work now remain at the Castle, and although it 
seems likely that the earliest masonry is to be found 
at the north-eastern angle, where the walls are exceed- 
ingly thick, no definite date can be assigned to it. 

It was perhaps the second William de Mohun, 
Earl of Somerset, who, in granting out various manors 
to be held of him and his heirs on the ordinary terms 
of feudal service, added a stipulation that the respective 
tenants should, when required, assist in repairing the 
walls of Dunster Castle. Reynold de Mohun the 
Second, who lived in the reign of Henry the Third, 
is specifically stated by the chronicler and eulogist of 
the family, more than a century later, to have allowed 

* See page 6 above. 




GAIKWAY OF THK LOWER WAid), 
nUNSTER CASTLE. 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 351 

his tenants to compound for this service once for all 
by a pecuniary fine, and to have applied the money 
so received to new buildings in the Lower Ward. ^ 
Untrustworthy as this writer is often found, his 
note on this particular subject proves to be correct. 
While Reynold de Mohun is otherwise known to 
have released three different military tenants from 
their obligation to repair the walls of his stronghold, 
architectural evidence points to the middle of the 
thirteenth century as the period at which some exist- 
ing parts of the Castle were built. To Reynold de 
Mohun we may safely ascribe the old gateway of the 
Lower Ward, which has plain chamfered jambs, and 
a low stiff drop-arch. It shows no traces of any 
former portcullis, and it can never have had a draw- 
bridge. On either side is a semicircular mural tower, 
containing on the ground floor a vaulted chamber 
with the usual three loops for cross-bowmen. The 
upper portions of both these towers have been long 
since demolished. 

About sixty-six feet to the west of the tower on 
the right, and connected with it by the old curtain 
wall, there are remains of a small semicircular tower, 
the bottom of which was approximately level with 
the first floor of the gateway, by reason of the slope 
of the ground. How much further the curtain wall 
formerly extended westward it is now impossible to 
say. 

There was certainly one other tower beyond, 
long known as ' Dame Hawis's Tower, ' and clearly 
identical with the ' Fleming Tower, ' to be mentioned 

• ^^ Qui quidcmReginaldus fecit infer- necesseftierat, remisit concessionem ad 

ioretn castrum de Duuster, et plnribus affirmandum custrtim, ut dictum est, et 

tenentibiis snis qui ieniici unt per feodum hoc fecit pro iuferiori castro faciendo. " 
militare et solebant tierncllitare in su- St. Georj^e's extracts from the Mohun 

periori castro, affirmare et facere cum Chronicle. 



352 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

below. Reynold de Mohun had married, as his first 
wife, an heiress in Devonshire named Hawis le 
Fleming, and this tower, which was a building of 
some importance, may have been built with her 
money. It probably stood at the western end of the 
Lower Ward, overlooking the vale of Avill, not far 
from the point at which the wall began to turn 
southwards and upwards in order to join the older 
wall of the Upper Ward. 

The range of buildings erected by Reynold de 
Mohun for his own occupation was at the opposite 
end of the Lower Ward, on the left of the gateway. 
Although placed by him on the edge of a precipice 
almost overhanging the river, he saw fit to fortify its 
southern front with two towers projecting from a 
lofty wall, which varies in thickness from 4 ft. 8 in. 
to 6 ft. Two small pointed windows of his time, 
belonging to a closet, still remain. While the western 
end of this pile was partially excavated out of the 
native rock, there was at the eastern end a basement 
on a lower level, the ground sloping steeply in that 
direction. Amid all the changes that the fabric of 
Dunster Castle has undergone in the Jacobean, the 
Georgian, and the Victorian periods, the walls of 
Reynold de Mohun can still be distinguished by their 
great thickness. 

In the agreement made between Reynold de Mohun 
and the Benedictine monks, in 1254, with regard to 
the massess to be said for the soul of his son John, a 
sharp distinction is drawn between the * upper ' 
chapel of St. Stephen in Dunster Castle and the 
' lower ' chapel of St. Lawrence in the Priory. The 
former is known to have stood on the summit of the 
Tor, within the original castle, while the latter was 
an adjunct to the parochial church. 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 353 

An ' extent ' of Dunster of the year 1266 gives a 
clear though very brief description of the Castle. It 
states that the Upper Ward comprised a hall vv^ith a 
buttery, a pantry, a kitchen and a bakehouse to the 
south of it, a fair chapel, a knights' hall, three towers 
containing various rooms, and a prison. The hall is 
described as having two 'posts,' two 'couples' and two 
' pignons ' or pinnacles. The Lower Ward comprised 
three towers, of which that known as ' the Fleming 
Tower ' was a prison, and also a granary. The 
gateway must evidently have been reckoned as one 
' tower ' and the irregular pile at the end of the 
Lower Ward must have been reckoned as another. 
The cow-house and the stable, with accommodation 
for a hundred beasts, the dovecot, and the dairy lay 
outside the Castle, far below, near the river. ^ 

In 1284, when the heir of Dunster was under age, 
an enquiry was held by royal authority as to the 
repairs recently made to the Castle by John de Vescy, 
and the repairs that were still necessary. The report 
gives the names of various buildings, but conveys 
very little information as to their relative situations. 
Thus we read of " the oriel over the gate .... the 
bakehouse over the oven .... a garderobe near the 
bakehouse .... the tower near the said bakehouse . . 
. . another tower called the Fleming Tower .... the 
tower near the gate .... the new tower over the great 
chamber .... the children's chamber .... the great 
hall, the saucery (salsarid)^ the kitchen and a certain 
chamber between the same .... the chapel .... a 
certain knights' chamber and armoury [quadam camera 
militum et domo ad armd) .... the lord's chamber . . 
. . the oriel of the same chamber .... the bell-turret 
(campanario) .... the great knights' chamber (magna 

' Mohun Cartulary. 



354 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

camera militum) " and various embattled turrets. While 
the towers and certain buildings were roofed with 
lead, the hall and others were to be covered with 
wooden shingles (cindulis). 

There are no documentary allusions to the fabric 
of Dunster Castle in the fourteenth century. One of 
the later Mohuns seems, however, to have lengthened 
the principal building of the Lower Ward by adding 
a tower and some rooms at the western end of it, on 
a narrow strip of ground close under the eastern end 
of the Upper Ward. 

The accounts of the first Sir Hugh Luttrell contain 
many references to his castle. The following occur 
in 1406 : — 

" In a key bought for the door of the tower over the gate, 
id. In hinges (jemeux), ' staples, haspes, ' and a * bolte ' 
of iron for the deal (sappis) placed in the gate, iid. In a 
lock (cera)y a key, a * haspe ' and a staple (stapulo)y bought 
for the tower towards the west in * le Dongeon ' 8*^. In a 
lock and a key bought for the door of the closet {latrine) at 
the end of the hall, 6d. " 

" In paid for two bushels of lime (calcis) bought, 2d. In 
a hundred 'lathnailles ' bought, ^d. In a workman cover- 
ing the slope (penticium) of the tower over the angle of the 
*■ Dongeon ' towards the west, for two days, ^d. In a car- 
penter making the said slope for three days, 6d. " 

" For three * hordes ' of ' pipler ' bought for the garde- 
robe of my lord, 2j. " 

" In paid to two * masones ' working on the chapel in 
* le Dongeon ' for nine days and a half, at 2d. apiece by 
the day, 35. 2d. In paid to three workmen carrying earth 
for the same, at i^d. apiece by the day, for one day, ()d. In 
paid for two quarters of lime bought at Wachet, together 
with 2d. for the carriage of the same, i8d'. Also, on the 
same day, in paid to a carpenter for fourteen days and two 

' Miscellanea (Chancery), Bundle 3, salle cies chevaliers of French castles, 
No. 21 (5-7). and the ritter saal of German castles 

The camera nnliliim seems to be the 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 355 

carpenters for two days, at ^d. apiece by the day, working 

* cippes, hordes, tresteles, ' and windows and doors in the 
upper and the lower castle. Also on the same day, in two 
hundred nails (clavis) at 4^. ; in a hundred and fifty nails 
at 6d. ; in a hundred nails at 6^., i6d. In twenty-two 
pounds of iron wrought in ' twystes, hokes, ' and other 
necessaries, at \^d. the pound, is. 9^. " 

" In a new lock with two keys, and the mending of the 
locks of the doors of the pantry, the kitchen, and the oats'- 
house (avenar)j lod. Also the same day, in paid for 
cleansing the house within the gates, full of filth, 4^. " 

" In paid to John Corbet, smith, for a ' wexpan, ' two 

* wexirens, ' a ' wexknyfe, ' an * iren rake, ' a ' pikeys, ' 
a * matok, ' thirty-six ' hoques ' for hanging bacons in the 
kitchen, two ' twistez ' for the door in the tower over the 
angle of the * Dongeon, ' and little bars for the glass windows 
in the hall, 6s. Sd. Also on the same day, in paid to a glazier 
making glass windows in the hall and my lord's chambers, 
at 2d. by the day, for twenty-one days, 3J. 6d. Also on the 
same day, in paid for two ' hoques ' and two hinges (jemeux) 
for the shutters (foliis) of the glass windows at the end of 
the hall, id. Also on the same day, in paid to two carpenters 
fashioning chests by order of my lady and also * lez rakkes ' 
in the gate, for six days, at 2d. apiece by the day, 2s. And 
in two hundred nails for the same chests, is. In three 
hinges for the same, ^d. In two hooks (hamis) and three 
great nails for the said * rekkis, ' 2d. In a new padlock 
(cera pendenti) and the mending of another, 4^d. Also on 
the same day, in paid for the making of an earthen wall below 
(infra) the tower over the gate, 2d. And for the making of 
a door with a * lacche ' in the same, 3^. " 

The following payments were made in 141 6: — 

" In four thousand pounds of lead, at 55. 6d. by the 
hundred, 11/. In the carriage of the said lead from Wellys 
to Dunster, 8j. In expenses for buying the said lead, 2s. " 

"In * hordes ' and * nailles ' bought for the covering of 
the towers in the Castle, 2'T^d. In nine pounds and a halt of 
solder (soldura) bought, i^^d. In the salary of a plumber 
for four weeks, loj. " 



356 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

In addition to this salary the plumber received 
1 4^. a week for food, and presumably free lodging in 
the Castle. 

The accounts for 141 7 show the following pay- 
ments : — 

" To a carpenter on the repair of the gates of the Lower 
Castle, for seven days at 3^. by the day, iid. Also in iron 
work for the same gates, viz. eighty-seven pounds at i^d. by 
the pound, in nails, plates, and bands (vinculis)^ 9 J. \d. Also 
in little nails (clavis) bought, with a key (clavi) for the door 
of the chamber of J. Bacwell, ^d. Also in a key for the 
chamber of the garderobe and in a key for the door of the 
barn in the barton of Dounsterr, /\.d. " 

" In four hooks for the door of the chapel in the hall id. 
Also in the repair of two iron bands (vinculorum) with the 
nails necessary for the same for the principal gate in ' le 
Dongeon, ' 4^. Also in the cutting of a wicket (valve) in 
the same gate, 3^. Also in iron hinges (geminis) for the 
same wicket with the nails necessary, /\.d. Also in a * hag- 
odeday ' with a * lacche ' for the same wicket, 3<^. Also in a 
mason (muratore) making a chimney (caminum) in the 
porter's lodge (domo janitoris) for five and a half days, iid. 
Also in the carriage of a stone for the key-stone (clavi) of 
the said chimney given by the Prior of Dunsterre, id. Also 
in the repair of two locks on the chamber of the outer gate 
of the Castle, with a key for the bakehouse, 5^^. Also in 
plates [and] nails with a knocker (martella) on the inner 
gate of the Castle, weighing \Q\lh. at \\d. by the lb. \os. lod. 
Also in the expenses of a ' mason ' coming from Brigewater 
to see my lord's hall in the Castle which is to be rebuilt, 
3J. U. " 

The gates of the Lower Castle mentioned above 
may perhaps be those which still hang under the 
archway of Reynold de Mohun. Their framework 
is a massive grating of oaken bars four inches thick, 
four inches and a half wide, and four inches and a 
half apart, covered on the outside with vertical bands 
of the same material an inch and a half thick. These 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 357 

planks are held together by external iron bands, spiked 
to the internal bars of oak by great nails with diamond- 
shaped heads. In the right valve there is a wicket 
four feet four inches high by two feet one inch broad, 
fastened with a huge iron lock in a wooden shell. 

The accounts for 141 8 show the following char- 
ges :— 

" In a tiler (coopertore) for two day's at my lord's board 
(mensam) for the bakehouse, 4^. In a mason (lathamo) 
for five days at my lord's board for certain chambers to be 
mended in the Castle, lod. In a lock of the outer gate of 
the Castle repaired, i^d. " 

In 1 42 1, there was a payment "to Thomas Pac- 
chehole for making ' reckis ' and ' mangers ' in my 
lord's stable, " which was apparently below the Castle 
on the north side. 

The following payments are recorded in 1426 : — 

" For * twystys, ' ' yemeaux, ' and nails bought of Hugh 
Lokyer for the screen (le spere) and a new door in my 
lord's hall, y. lod. And to John Burgh for two carriages 
of timber from Me lymekyll' to the Castle for the said screen 
(le dit spere) in my lord's hall, id.... In a thousand tile-pins 
(pynnys teguUnis) bought, 3^.... In two thousand tile-stones 
(petris tegulinis) bought of Henry Helyer, lod. In the 
carriage of the said stones from Treburgh to Dunster Castle, 
3 J. 4^.... In paid to John Eylysworthi, tiler (tegulatori) 
there hired to repair my lord's chamber and the constable's 
chamber, for three days at my lord's board (repastum)^<)d.... 
In a great key bought of Hugh Lokyer and in the mending 

of a lock for ' Damhawys Towre', ^d. In John Bowman 

hired for a day to cleanse ' Damhawys Toure, ' at my lord's 

board (sibum)^ id Also to Thomas Pacheholl with his 

man (famulo) there hired for a day and a half to make three 
* gestys ' anew in the keep (castello) by * le Portcoleys, ' at 
my lord's board, yj^. In nails bought for mending ' le 
store hous ' in the keep (castello) in which my lord's armour 
is placed, id In two carriages of timber from ' le 



358 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

Fysspole in le Hanger,' towards my lord's said stable, without 

board, id In ten thousand tile-stones (petris tegulinis) 

bought for my lord's store, that came from Cornwall to the 
Haven (portum) of Dunsterre, at 2J. '-jd. by the thousand, 
sum total, 25J. lod. In carrying the aforesaid stones (lapi- 
dibus) from the ship to ' le slymvat, ' 4^. " 

The following entries occur in 1427 : — 

" Thomas [Pachehole] was hired there to make Me enter- 
clos ' and * hachys ' between my lord's hall and the chapel 
there, for two weeks at my lord's board, receiving i^d. by 

the week, 35 In paid to Thomas Smyth for six pairs 

of hinges (yemeaux) for * lez hacchys ' in the chapel there, 

2 J Also paid to John Myryman of Wylyton for 

two mantelpieces (lapydibus clavelT ) bought of him for two 

chimneys to be newly made in the keep (castello)^ y 

Thomas PachehoU was hired by order of Thomas Bemont 
at the keep (castellum) for pulling down the old kitchen in 

* le Donyon ' for a week at my lord's board, 18^ And 

Thomas Pachehole was hired there to make a ' whelberwe, ' 
for a day at my lord's board, 3^. " 

Sir Hugh Luttrell, not content with maintaining 
the old castle of the Mohuns, resolved to make a 
material addition to it, more for comfort than for 
defence. His receiver's account for 1420 has a 
separate section as follows : — 

" The new building in my lord's castle. In divers work- 
men hired for pulling down old walls, both a part of the 
walls of the hall and a part of the wall of the Castle, and 
laying the foundation of the new building close to the said 
hall, and for removing to a distance the old timber of the 
hall when pulled down, and for hauling great stones and 
carrying the said stones, with sand and timber, together with 
the purchase of free stone at Bristol and the carriage of the 
same by sea and lastly by land, and the carriage of water, 
and for making * hurdelles, ' together with the purchase of 
ropes, cords, and divers other necessaries for the work, and 
likewise in the hire of men for burning lime in the pit near 
the Castle, with the making of the same pit, and coal and 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 359 

fuel bought for the same, with the shoeing of my lord's 
horses and oxen for carriage, and making and repairing 
divers iron implements, to wit ^crowes, mattokkes, pycoyses, 
wegges, spades ' and 'schovylles' and 'sleigges,' all reckoned 
together, as appears in a paper made thereupon and examin- 
ed at the audit (super compotum)^ 45/. 15J. lod. In 2379/^. 
of iron bought and wrought, that is to say for hinges 
(gumphis), ' kacchers ' for ' lacchis ' for doors and windows, 
and also for putting ironwork in the lights (illuminaribus) of 
the windows, 14/. lyj. 4!^. In 141 quarters, 4 bushels of 
lime bought, at 8^. for the quarter, 4/. 14J. 4^. Also paid 
to Thomas Hydon, mason (latamo) for making walls, in part 
payment of a greater amount, 11/. Also paid to William 
Boulond, free-stone mason (sementario liherarum petrarum) 
beyond \oos. received by him last year from Thomas Hody, 
as appears in the account of the same Thomas Hody, in part 
payment of a greater amount, 20/. Also paid to Thomas 
Pacchehole, carpenter, beyond 6oj. received last year from 
Thomas Hody, in part payment of a greater amount, ^os. 
in 13 quarters of coal bought wholesale for burning lime. 
Total, 98/. IS. io\d. " 

There were further payments of the same nature 
in the four follov^ing years, and in 1424, Thomas 
Pacchole, the carpenter, v^as boarded at the Castle for 
nineteen weeks with an assistant or two, and Thomas 
Hydon the ' mason, ' for eleven weeks, also with an 
assistant. Irrespectively of them, the total cost in 
the five years amounted to about 252/. ^ 

Sir Hugh Luttrell's ' new building ' was a Gate- 
house, spanning the approach from the town and 
situated without the enceinte of the older castle. In 
order to erect it in the position selected, he had to 
pull down part of the curtain-wall and to close at 
least two of the loops in the semi-circular tower on 
the right of the gateway leading into the Lower 
Ward. The Gatehouse as built by him was divided 

' D.C.M, I. 17. 



360 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

into distinct sections by a transverse wall reaching 
from the ground to the roof, and it does not appear 
that there was any internal communication between 
them. The lower part of the eastern section is pierc- 
ed by a passage open to the air, loft. 6in. broad, with 
a plain wagon vault and at each end a pointed arch. 
There can never have been a portcullis, but there 
was formerly a pair of large gates adjoining the outer, 
or lower, arch, which has moulded jambs continued 
round the head. Close to the inner, or southern, 
arch, there is a small pointed doorway giving access 
to a room and also to a spiral staircase leading to a 
larger room on the first floor, to a similar room on the 
second floor, and lastly to the roof. In the western 
section there were three rooms on as many floors, con- 
nected with each other and with older buildings 
behind by a spiral staircase. The two upper rooms 
in this section were rather lower down than those on 
the other side of the transverse wall. Each of the six 
rooms in the Gatehouse had a simple fireplace and a 
small, dark closet. Such of the original windows as 
remain are square-headed but cusped, and in some 
cases divided by mullions and transoms. 

The accounts rendered to Sir John Luttrell contain 
a few references to the fabric of Dunster Castle. 
Thus in 1428 : — 

" To John Eylesworthe, tiler (tegulatori), hired for three 
and a half days to roof the chamber over the gate near my 
lord's stable, at my lord's board, receiving 3^. by the day, 

lo^d. Also in the wages of John Eylesworthe, tiler, 

hired to plaster (sementanda) the house by the outer gate 
of the Castle, in order that salt might be put therein, for a 
day and a half at my lord's board, receiving 3<^. by the 
day, 4j^. " 

The following charges occur in 1430 : — 




tvfl>.o,.ii t,t. s,i. o^UTis-c^ji cnBx>ite[ -:|f 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 361 

"To John Joce hired to gather stones on Croudon for 
*les botreaux ' by the gate of" Dunsterre Castle, for one day 

at my lord's board, id To John Stone of Wotton, 

' mason, ' hired to make two * botreaux ' by the gate of the 
Castle, at my lord's board for two weeks, receiving i '^d. by 
the week, y. And paid to John Thresshe of Wotton, 
* mason, ' hired to work with the said John Stone at the 
aforesaid 'botriaux' for two weeks, receiving i4<3'. by the 
week, 2 J. \d. And paid to John Joce, hired to wait upon 
John Stone and John Thresshe, the aforesaid * masons, ' for 
two weeks, receiving by the week \id.^ at my lord's board, 
22^. And paid to John Burgh, hired with his cart and four 
horses to carry stones from * la Hangre ' to the gate of the 
Castle for making the aforesaid ' botriaux ' for one day at my 
lord's board, receiving 12^. by the day, \id. " 

The tv^o buttresses mentioned were presumably 
those which still help to support the eastern end of 
Sir Hugh Luttrell's gatehouse. After the death of 
Sir John Luttrell in 1430, a third of Dunster Castle 
was assigned to his relict as part of her dower. At 
an earlier and less peaceful period, military consider- 
ations would have prevented such a division of a 
fortified castle, while lawyers would have protested 
that no widow could claim dower in a place that was 
the nucleus of a feudal Honour. Lady Luttrell's third 
thereof is very minutely specified, as follows : — 

" Two gates at the entrance of the same castle of Dunster, 
together with all buildings situate over the said two gates, 
together with a certain old kitchen immediately adjoining 
the said buildings, and also a certain tower nearest to the 
said two gates on the western side of the same, and a certain 
garden lying between the said tower and a certain other 
tower called ' Hayveystoure, ' to hold to the same Margaret 
as a third part of the aforesaid castle of Dunster, saving, 
however, to the heir of the aforesaid John Luttrell, or to 
whosoever shall for the time have two parts of the aforesaid 
castle, free entry and egress to the said two parts of the 
castle whenever necessary or expedient. 



u 



362 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

Lady Luttrell also received for her life, as before: — 
" Three acres of pasture and an acre of wood around * le 
Castel Torre, ' which three acres of pasture lie next on the 
western side of the entrance of the aforesaid castle of Dun- 
ster, and the aforesaid acre of wood lies on the eastern side 
of the same castle at the northern end of the wood there 
growing, with free entry and egress over ' le Castel Torre ' 
aforesaid to the said acre of wood whensoever expedient to 
the same Margaret. " ^ 

Very little explanation is necessary. The two gates 
mentioned are clearly the gateway giving access to the 
Lower Ward, and the Gatehouse, or ' new building, ' 
of Sir Hugh Luttrell, just below it. The kitchen was 
in the Lower Ward, near a hall previously mentioned, 
and the first tower mentioned was that of which 
some part still remains, projecting northward from 
the curtain wall. ' Hayveystoure ' situate further 
to the west was the ' Dame Hawis's Tower, ' or 
the ' Fleming Tower,' of earlier records. The pasture 
assigned to Lady Luttrell was more suitable for goats 
or sheep than for cattle, as it was on a steep, narrow 
strip of ground between the outer wall of the Castle 
and the back-yards of the townsmen living in West 
Street below. The outlying acre of wood must have 
been on the precipitous side of the Tor overhanging 
the river and difficult of access. Her four acres 
constituted a third of twelve acres known as ' Castel- 
dichepasture, ' a name which suggests that there was 
an artificial ditch round part of the Tor below the 
curtain wall. The moat of Dunster Castle is men- 
tioned in 1 318, and in 1381, a certain William 
Garland was admitted tenant for life of a burgage in 
' la Baleye, ' between the ditch and the king's high- 
way, and consequently on the north side of it. ^ 

' Inq. post mortem. 9 Hen. VI. no. 51. de su e le ewe que court vers Daiyns- 
' Lease of a curtilage "de souz la brigge en part de nortz, " D.C.M. viii. 
mote du chaztel de Dunsterre en part 2; ix. 5. 








THE GATKHOLSK 
DUNSTKR CASTl.i:. 



FROM P.KI.dW, 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 



363 



Little or nothing is known about the condition of 
the Castle and its immediate surroundings for a con- 
siderable period after the death of Sir John Luttrell. 
It may, however, be taken for granted that the Her- 




berts did not spend an unnecessary penny upon the 
the place during their temporary occupation of it. 
After the restoration of the Luttrells in the reign of 
Henry the Seventh, Sir Hugh, the second of that 
name, and Sir Andrew, his son, are stated to have 
accomplished some work there. John Leland, who 
visited West Somerset in 1 542, writes : — 



364 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

" The Moions buildid the right goodly and stronge 
Castelle of Dunestorre. 

" The Dungeon of the Castelle of Dunestorre hath beene 
fulle of goodly building ; but now there is but only a cha- 
pelle in good case. Sir Hugh Luterelle did of late dayes 
repaire this chapelle. 

" The fairest part of the Castelle welle maintenid is yn 
the north est of the court of it. 

" Syr Hugh Luterelle in the tyme of Dame Margarete 
his wife, sister to the olde Lord Dalbeney, made a fair 
tourre by north cummying into the castelle. " 

" Syr Andrew Luterelle, sunne to Sir Hugh, buildid of 
new a pece of the castel waul by est. " ^ 

The writer thus ascribes to the second Sir Hugh the 
Gatehouse which had been erected by the first Sir 
Hugh, but his confusion of them is pardonable in 
view of the fact that the latest of the sculptured 
shields on a panel over the entrance of that gateway 
commemorates the marriage of the second Sir Hugh 
with the half-sister of Lord Daubeny. 

In other respects his accuracy appears unquestion- 
able. He implies that the chapel, which is known to 
have been dedicated to St. Stephen in 1254 or earlier, 
was the most important of several different buildings 
in the Dungeon, or Upper Ward, and we find that the 
summit of the Castle Tor was known as ' Mount 
Stephen's' in the seventeenth century and ' St. Stephen's' 
in the eighteenth. The piece of wall which Sir 
Andrew Luttrell is stated by Leland to have built 
cannot now be identified. Perhaps it connected the 
outer end of Sir Hugh Luttrell's gatehouse with the 
north-eastern angle of the inhabited castle, thus 
enclosing a triangular piece of ground outside the 
old enceinte. 

The next reference to the fabric of Dunster Castle 
occurs in 1556, when, by an agreement between 

' Itinerary {1907), p. 166. 




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CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 365 

Thomas Luttrell and Robert Opy, the latter was 
allowed to retain for a short time " the hall, parlor, 
kichyn, and every rome within the same pyle called 
the Inner Pyle, or Lodginges, of the said Castell and 
the stables, the grist-mill of Dunster aforesaid, and 
the fedinge and pasturinge of tenne rother beasts or 
kyne and three geldings in the Hanger, or Park, of 
Dunster. " ^ 

George Luttrell, the first of that name, may from 
some points of view be regarded as the creator of the 
existing Castle. Dissatisfied with the irregular medi- 
eval buildings which he found at the eastern end 
of the Lower Ward, he set himself to convert them 
into a mansion suitable to the requirements of a 
more luxurious age. Retaining at least two project- 
ing towers and the thick outer walls on three sides, 
he inserted in the latter a series of square-headed 
windows, each divided by a mullion and a transom 
into four oblong lights. Furthermore he entirely 
reconstructed the fa9ade, giving to it as symmetrical 
an appearance as circumstances would allow. All his 
external masonry is laid in regular courses of red 
stone with quoins of a lighter colour. Within the 
Castle, his walls may be recognised as being thinner 
than those of the thirteenth century and thicker than 
those of the eighteenth. Owing to the slope of the 
ground and perhaps also to earlier arrangements, he 
found it difficult to establish uniform levels throughout 
the mansion, and so divided it into two sections, each 
comprising three storeys, the floors of the rooms in 
the southern section being several feet higher than 
those of the rooms on the northern side of the trans- 
verse wall. To him may certainly be attributed the 
ornamental plaster ceiling of the Hall, the frieze of the 

' D.C.M. XIV. 5. 



366 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

Gallery, the balusters of part of the smaller staircase, 
and at least two architraves within the existing fabric. 
Although the date ' 1 589 ' is to be seen under a large 
coat of arms in the Hall, and an iron fire-back there 
bears the arms and initials of Queen Elizabeth, the 
remodelling of the Castle was not completed until 
thirty years later. In October 1617, George Lut- 
trell entered into an agreement with William Arnold 
of Charlton Musgrove, gentleman, who was reput- 
ed to have had " great experience in architecture, " 
with regard to " a house or parcell of building to be 
sett up and built within the castle of Dunster. " 
Arnold was to supply a ' plot, ' or plan, and an 
' upright, ' or elevation, of the projected edifice, and 
to oversee the work until the completion of the roof. 
Luttrell was to pay him 40/. in instalments for his 
pains, to defray his travelling expenses, and to give him 
a beneficial lease of lands called Burchams, the Holl- 
ingborrowes, andLyncroft, situate in the north-western 
part of Dunster. Many persons less litigious than 
George Luttrell have been known to quarrel with 
their architects, and it is not surprising to find that, 
within two years, Arnold had to apply to the Court 
of Chancery to enforce the settlement of his claim. 
For the defence it was contended that he had substi- 
tuted a fresh plan for that originally approved, and 
that the building actually in course of erection did 
not agree with either. It was also stated that there 
had been a great waste of good material, that the work 
had been unduly protracted and imperfectly done, and 
that the cost, which had been estimated at 462/., was 
likely to amount to 1200/.^ An allusion to stairs 
leading from the new building into the new cellar, 
and another allusion to a pre-existing back wall, 

' Clianccry Proceedings, series ii, bundle 299, no. 307. 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 367 

seem to show that Arnold's addition to the Castle 
comprised the central portion of the main fa9ade. 
An overmantel in the principal room leading out of 
the Gallery, removed from the room on the first floor 
now demolished, bears the date ' 1620. ' 

Dunster Castle suffered some injury during the 
siege of 1 645 and 1 646, and it certainly lost much of 
its medieval character in 1650, when three hundred 
men were employed to dismantle its fortifications. 
The chapel of St. Stephen and other ancient buildings 
on the summit of the Tor were then totally demol- 
ished, while the Lower Ward was laid open by pulling 
down at least two towers and all the curtain wall on 
the western side. Prynne also records the destruction 
of ' a fair new building', which cannot be located. 

There is no documentary evidence as to the date 
of the extensive stables belonging to the Luttrell 
family which stand below the Gatehouse, at the corner 
of the Bailey, afterwards called Castle Street. In an 
exposed position just without the enceinte of the Castle, 
they can hardly have escaped considerable damage in 
the course of the long siege: their roof must have been 
renewed once or twice since then. The muUions of 
the windows are of wood. The chief interest of the 
stables is, however, in the interior, where there are now 
twenty-eight stalls, exhibiting three varieties of design, 
but all apparently erected in the first half of the seven- 
teenth century. Untouched by any modern 'restorer,' 
they merit the careful examination of architects. 

Colonel Francis Luttrell and Mary his wife made 
some internal changes at the Castle in the sumptuous 
style of their time. To them is due the elaborate 
plaster ceiling of the Parlour, divided into panels and 
enriched with raised foliage and figures in circular 
medallions. The continuity of the garlands of flow- 



368 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

ers along the frieze is broken by two shields of 
the arms of Luttrell impaling those of Tregonwell, 
and a separate crest, which, curiously enough, is that 
of Tregonwell. ^ The work may have been done 
under the direction of the lady and with money 
provided by her, for she was a considerable heiress. 
It bears the date " Anno Dommini {sic) Christi 
MDCLxxxi. " To the same period must be as- 
cribed the former architraves of the two doorways in 
the Parlour richly carved in oak, the one giving access 
to the Hall and the other to a small room which is 
described in 1690, in 1705 and in 1741, as "the 
Withdrawing Room, " and in 1781 as "the Library." 
This room has an ornamented ceiling similar in char- 
acter to that of the adjoining Parlour, now the Dining 
Room, and obviously executed at the same time. 

The Great Staircase, which is the chief architect- 
ural glory of Dunster Castle dates also from the reign 
of Charles the Second. It may perhaps occupy the 
site of a staircase of the previous century. Although 
fitted into a medieval tower with a rounded exterior, 
it is rectangular in plan, the ornamental plaster ceiling 
being an oblong, similar in character to that of 
the Parlour, but somewhat severer in design. The 
general scheme of this staircase and some of the 
details may be compared with those of the stair- 
case at Tythrop House, near Thame in Oxfordshire. ^ 
It is more customary than correct to attribute all such 
work to Grinling Gibbons. At Dunster, the stairs, 
the dado against the external walls, the plinth opposite, 
the newels and the massive hand-rail are all of oak, 
while the perforated panels between the newels, and 
the vases of fruit and flowers above the newels, are 

' There is an illustration of part of * See the plates in Statham's English 

this ceiling in Statham's£»^//s/ji/o»zcs, Homes, pp. 104, 105, 176-179. 
p. 106. 




THE GREAT STAIRCASE, 
DL'NSTER CASTLE. 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 369 

elaborately carved in elm. Oak and elm alike were, 
until thirty years ago, thickly covered with paint, one 
of the lower layers of which was dark brown relieved 
with gold. All this has been stripped off and the 
wood has been revealed. In the open panels on the 
left of the stairs, the carver has allowed his fancy to run 
riot, and, amid graceful foliage, one may see cherubs 
blowing horns, hounds in full chase after a stag and 
a fox, and guns and military trophies, allusive perhaps 
to Francis Luttrell's devotion to arms and sport. 

As completed in the later part of the seventeenth 
century, the Staircase seems to have been separated 
from the Hall by a wall or screen pierced with two 
openings, each of which was flanked by engaged 
columns with capitals finely carved in lime. The 
gallery, or return, of the staircase on the first floor 
seems to have given access to a large landing over 
part of the Hall. In 1691, there were " in the Stair- 
case " various pieces of furniture — " one small round 
table, two tables with foulding leaves, one couch " 
and eight cushions, which may have been on the 
window-seats of the landing. " One large casement 
and its frame, " clearly moveable, may have served 
to keep ofl^ the draught either on the ground floor or 
on the first floor. In 1741, there were " in the Great 
Staircase " " a mahogany harpsichord " and " four 
elbow cane chairs and four other cane chairs." The 
inventory of that year devotes a separate section to 
" the closett under the Great Staircase, " which con- 
tained " a walnutt scrutore, four cane chairs, " eight 
framed prints, over three hundred volumes of books, 
and various small objects. Here there were " a stove 
grate and buffer, " corresponding with " one grate of 
iron for sea coals " that was standing " in the stair- 
case " protected by a fender, in 1691. 



370 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

The inventory of 1691 enumerates the rooms in 
the Castle in regular sequence, giving the names that 
they then respectively bore. Many of these names 
were, however, altered from time to time in the course 
of the eighteenth century, whenever changes were 
made in the colour of hangings and furniture. Thus, 
to take one instance, ' the White Chamber' of 1691 
and 1705, on the northern side of the Gallery, was 
known as ' the Yellow Chamber 'in 1 74 1 , and as ' the 
Red Chamber' in 1781. At some date subsequent 
to 1 8 1 5, it began to be erroneously called ' King 
Charles's Room.' ' The King's Chamber ' of 1691 
and 1705, which is explicitly described as situate 
" within " the Red Room of that time, was a small 
room with only one window and no fireplace. After 
the closing of the Castle for ten years (i 737-1 747), 
and the re-modelling of part of the interior by Henry 
Fownes Luttrell, it lost its old name. In 178 1, it 
was merely ' the Best Dressing Room, ' within ' the 
Best Bedroom ' at the western end of the Gallery. 
However, there still lingered a tradition that Charles 
the Second, when Prince of Wales, had occupied 
some room near the Gallery, and it was known that, 
in the course of his adventures, he had been glad to 
avail himself of hiding-places. Inasmuch then as 
there is a narrow, dark closet behind the panelling 
of the Red Chamber of 1781, a mistaken idea arose 
that he may have used the room to which it is an 
annexe. When he came to Dunster as a boy in 1 645, 
the Castle was one of the principal fortresses in the 
west of England, and was manned by soldiers devoted 
to his father's cause ; when he passed through Somerset 
after the disastrous Battle of Worcester, in his flight 
from Boscobel to Lyme, he did not come to Dunster. 
In point of fact there was no communication between 




PLAN 
DUNSTER CASTLE 



HI THE kLTlRATIC 

A D iaft7 - 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 371 

the room which he really occupied and the closet, or 
possible hiding-place, which was separated from it 
until 1869 by a very thick stone wall. 

The inventories of 1741 and 1781 alike mention 
' the Spirit's Room, ' and the latter shows it to have 
been situate immediately above the little room at the 
eastern end of the Hall. Although the name has 
survived to the present time, nothing is known about 
its origin ; Dunster Castle has no ghost. 

The furniture specified in the inventory of 1691 
would nowadays be considered very scanty. In the 
Great Hall there were only " one small square table " 
some fire irons, " one large brass candlestick with 
two (six ?) socketts laquered yellow, and eighteen 
chaires of redd leather. " In the Great Parlour there 
were twenty-one " (Turkey) wrought chairs, " two 
slabs of black and white marble on wooden frames 
serving as " side tables, " and the necessary fire irons. 
The Withdrawing Room adjoining contained nothing 
except " eight large pictures and five small pictures. " 
So again, in the Long Gallery the furniture consisted 
of " six pieces of arras of one suit and two pieces of 
arras of another suit, two white lacquered sconces, and 
eight pictures. " The contents of the bedrooms 
were more valuable. Many of them were hung with 
tapestry and had curtains to the windows. The 
White Chamber adjoining the Gallery was furnished in 
a style then fashionable. A table, two stands, a large 
mirror, eight chairs and two pictures in it are alike 
described as "Japan. " Here there were " fourteen 
little toyes over the chimney cornish. " Mrs. Luttrell, 
who seems to have occupied the bedroom over the 
Great Parlour, also had a table and two cabinets of 
' Japan, ' and an " olive chest of drawers " that 
probably came from Italy. There were some " hang- 



372 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

ings of guilt leather " in her " closett, " and half of 
one of the rooms occupied by the household was 
" hung with greene and guilted leather. " ^ 

Most of the tapestry and many pieces of furniture 
were removed to London by Mrs. Luttrell, and 
perished in the fire at her house. Part of the residue, 
including various portraits left at Dunster, was event- 
ually purchased by Colonel Alexander Luttrell from 
her second husband, Sir Jacob Bancks. 

When Colonel Alexander Luttrell went to live at 
Dunster Castle in 1705, he re-named many of the 
rooms, but he did not make any important structural 
changes. Dorothy Luttrell, his relict, was more enter- 
prising. Until her time there was only one approach 
to the Castle. After ascending the direct road from 
the town to Sir Hugh Luttrell's gateway and passing 
under its vaulted archway, carriages, horsemen, and 
pedestrians had alike to turn abruptly to the right 
through the earlier gateway of Sir Reynold de Mohun, 
and thence to describe a curve to the left, still ascend- 
ing, in order to reach the porch on the western facade 
of the Jacobean mansion. From first to last the road 
was exceedingly steep, and the angle between the two 
gateways was so sharp that great skill was required 
to drive a carriage safely through them in descending 
to the town. Tradition says that a horse had its 
brains dashed out there, and minor accidents must 
have been numerous. Mrs. Luttrell therefore made 
an alternative road branching off to the left opposite 
to the stables, and winding upwards round the eastern 
side of the Tor until it reached the level of the south- 
eastern angle of the Castle. There it ended in a little 
platform close to the domestic offices. If it was less 
dignified than the older approach, it was at any rate 

' Chancery Proceedings, Mitford 538, no. 2. 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 373 

considerably safer. 'The New Way,' as it was called 
was finished in 1720, and the trees lining it are very 
correctly represented as young in Buck's view of 
Dunster Castle, which was engraved in 1733. To 
protect it from above a yew hedge was planted below 
the eastern front of the Castle, and this hedge has 
grown since to a height of about 54 feet. 

The New Way was barely finished when Dorothy 
Luttrell began to build a florid chapel projecting from 
the eastern front of the Castle, partly on the site of 
an ancient semicircular tower. This work was ex- 
ecuted in 1723 and the following year, at a cost of 
about I 300/. under the direction of Sir James Thorn- 
hill, who painted for the interior a huge picture of 
the Lifting up of the Brazen Serpent. By a will 
dated in October 1723, Dorothy Luttrell bequeathed 
350/. for the completion of the Chapel. There is a 
definite statement that it was eventually consecrated. 
An indifferent portrait of George Hooper, Bishop of 
Bath and Wells, still hanging in the Castle, may be a 
memorial of his connexion with this chapel. A silver 
flagon, salver, and cup with cover are mentioned in 1 744 
as belonging to the communion table. ^ These are now 
in use at the new chapel of St. Michael at Alcombe, 
having been presented by the present owner of the Castle. 

In the early part of the eighteenth century, the 
site of the ancient keep was levelled and converted 
into a bowling-green. Any relics of the chapel of 
St. Stephen and of other buildings erected by the 
Mohuns that had survived the wanton demolition 
of 1650 were then removed. Some traces of a drain 
on the west side are all that now remain. An oct- 
agonal summer-house at the eastern end of the bowling 
green, almost overhanging the inhabited part of the 

' Master Eld's Report in the Chancery suit Kj'mer v. Trevelyan 23 July 1744. 



374 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

Castle, has a good leaden pipe-head with the Luttrell 
arms and the date ' 1 727.' A large muUioned window 
in it dates from the fifteenth century. In 1741, this 
summer-house had " a stove grate and huffer, fire 
shovel, tongs and poker, and four pieces of the hunting 
chace, " and " a mahogany octagon table and 8 leather 
bottomed chairs with walnutt frames. " The room 
beneath it contained " twelve pair of Brasil bowles 
and 3 jacks " valued at 2/. i is. 

At some period between 1705 and i'/27'> ^^^ ^^ 
the Luttrells acquired the magnificent coramt, or 
pictures on leather, that adorn the Gallery at Dunster 
Castle. It has been seen that, in 1691, there were 
some " hangings of guilt leather" in Mrs. Luttrell's 
" Closet, " but they must have been comparatively 
small, and there is a note in 1705 that almost all the 
furniture of that room had been " sent to London, 
except the guilt leather sent to Abbey Milton. " In 
the inventory of 1741, " gilt leather hangings " are 
specified among the moveable objects in the Gallery. 
Alexander Luttrell, deceased, had also possessed a set 
of " gilt leather hangings " of lesser value that were 
in his house at Venn near Heathfield. In 1744, 
there is specific mention of " the gilt leather hangings 
being the History of Mark Anthony and Cleopatra " 
in the Gallery, valued at 21/. The next allusion to 
them is in a letter from Margaret Fownes Luttrell to 
her husband, undated, but evidently written in or soon 
after 1759, from Bath. In this, she says : — 

" 1 have a great mind to consult Cooke about repairing 
Mark Anthony and Cleopatra, whether a gilt leather border 
would be the best method, and perhaps his man could do it 
better than any one in the country. 

Eventually the corami were flattened and affixed to 
the walls of the Gallery. As originally made in 




c 
u 



'J 



p 
Z 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 375 

Spain or Portugal about the middle of the seventeenth 
century, the historical panels must have been intended 
for some particular house, and they accordingly vary 
considerably in width, their height, exclusive of 
borders, being about 6 ft. 10 in. The subjects are: — 
(i) The Triumvirate, Caesar, Antony and Lepidus, 
at Rome, with soldiers and trumpeters in the back- 
ground. 

(2) Antony, seated on a throne, receiving Cleo- 
patra, who kneels before him, one of her attendants 
bearing her train. In the background is the barge 
in which she had come to him. 

(3) Antony taking Cleopatra by the hand and 
holding over her head a garland, to symboUse the 
grant of authority over Phoenicia. 

(4) Antony and Cleopatra on horseback flying 
before Caesar's soldiers. 

(5) Antony presenting to an attendant a dagger 
wherewith to stab him. 

(6) Cleopatra applying to her breast an asp, which 
has been brought to her in a basket of figs. 

All these panels are in very fine condition and richly 
coloured, the surface relieved in places by the use of 
iron tools. The metalHc decoration of silver foil 
assumes a golden aspect where covered by a trans- 
parent yellow glaze. In addition to the historical 
series, there are a number of busts of comely damsels 
rising out of rich foliage, which may perhaps have 
served as frame-work, and there are various borders 
which have been unfortunately cut up from time to 
time and misplaced. Leather hangings of this sort 
are by no means common. There is, or was, a set at 
the old palace at Turin. Another set is stated to 
• hang at Knowsley. A third set at Blenheim, present- 
ed by Victor Amadeus of Savoy to the great Duke of 



376 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

Marlborough, is based upon drawings by Perino del 
Vaga. ' 

Henry Fownes Luttrell made considerable alter- 
ations at Dunster Castle between 1747 and 1774, sett- 
ling every detail himself. In the Great Parlour he 
closed the two Jacobean windows facing northwards, 
but without altering their exterior, and he inserted a 
Venetian window of three lights in the eastern wall. 
Pursuing a similar course in the large bedroom over 
it, he converted it into a Drawing Room. The 
ornaments for the ceiling were made by the firm of 
Spinnage and Crompton in London, and sent down to 
Dunster, in 1758, in a box weighing only 50//^. to 
be put up by local workmen. 

By the middle of the eighteenth century, paper 
hangings had come into favour as a substitute for 
arras, and there is at Dunster a letter from Henry 
ShifFner to his friend Henry Fownes Luttrell quoting 
the prices of suitable papers in London. " India 
paper representing trees, birds and flowers of various 
colours on a whitish ground " was offered at 41. 6c/. 
per square yard. " India paper representing the 
several stages of a Chinese manufacture upon a greyish 
ground .... a smaller pattern, but the figures very 
compleat and intersperst with romantick views " could 
not be obtained under ys. per square yard. " Flock 
paper " was quoted at only is. bd. The Castle had 
to be practically refurnished at this period. 

In the Great Staircase, Henry Fownes Luttrell made 
various changes, several of which can hardly be des- 
cribed as improvements. Thus he abolished the two 
openings leading from it into the Hall and substituted 
three arches of less substantial character. While 
two of the engaged columns were made to do duty 

' Waagen's Treasures of Art, vol. iii, p. 133. 




'■J 



Z 



o 

u 

z 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 377 

again as such, the other two were enlarged and con- 
verted into detached columns to support the new arches. 
The bill rendered in 1773 by Stowey and Jones states 
explicitly that one third was added to each of their 
carved capitals, and that new bases and necks were 
provided for them. All this was removed in 1869, 
but the gallery immediately above remains as remodel- 
led in 1773. The delicate mouldings of the dado of 
this gallery are markedly different from the bolder 
mouldings of the dado of the staircase. Pine takes 
the place of oak and elm. The cost of the two door- 
ways facing the head of the stairs is minutely specified 
in the bill : — 

" Two sett of best moulded double faced archatraves 
with three members full inriched, 6/. 6s. " 

" Two door caps with inriched mouldings and ornamental 
friezes and basso relief tabletts, 12/. I2J. 

" Two mahogany doors 2 inches thick of best Jamaica 
wood framed into six pannels, wouth mouldings on pannels 
the same fluted and patera corners, 12/. I2J. " 

The charges for packing, carriage and fixing were 
of course additional. It is worthy of notice that the 
doorcaps facing the Staircase are ornamented with 
stags' heads and hunting horns, thus carrying on the 
idea suggested by the carved panels of the seventeenth 
century below. 

At some unspecified date, Henry Fownes Luttrell, 
departing strangely from the style prevalent in his 
own day and usually followed by him, made a large 
window on the staircase from an atrocious design 
which he beheved to be " Gothique. " This has 
been removed. From March 1772 to September 
1773, workmen of different professions were employed 
in making alterations in Dunster Castle. A ' Break- 
fast Room ' was created over the Hall, the oaken 

w 



378 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

flooring and the two eastern windows alone dating 
from an earlier period. To connect it with the 
Gallery, a passage was cut through two intervening 
bedrooms, the nearer one called " the Red Chamber " 
in 1691, " Mrs. Lucy Luttrell's Chamber" in 1705, 
" the Purple Chamber" in 1744, and "the Yellow 
Room " in 1781, the further one called " the Yellow 
Chamber" in 1 691, "the Plodd Room " in 1705, 
" the Plodd Chamber " in 1741, " the Plaid Room " 
in 1 744, and " the Chintz Room " in 1 78 i . All the 
southern part of the Castle, used chiefly by the 
servants, was so remodelled that it is almost impos- 
sible to ascertain the previous disposition and names 
of the different rooms. 

The alterations that Henry Fownes Luttrell made 
within his dwelling-house were insignificant in com- 
parison with those that he made outside it. By 
creating the present Park, by planting trees, by build- 
ing a tower on Conigar, and by doing other things of 
the sort, he greatly enhanced the natural beauties of 
Dunster. In this chapter, however, it is necessary only 
to describe the change which he wrought on the Tor, 
a change which unfortunately could hardly have been 
carried out without serious detriment to the medieval 
character of the Castle. While every antiquary must 
deplore the destruction of the Lower Ward, due 
consideration should be given to the necessities of 
the case, and a country gentleman need not be des- 
cribed as a Vandal because he wanted to have a safe 
roadway to his own front door. A surveyor named 
Thomas Hull proposed in the first instance that such 
a roadway should ascend the Tor in zigzags above the 
stables, but this scheme was found impracticable or 
undesirable. As an alternative, he suggested that the 
New Way of 1720 should be continued round the 




Ma? 

? < ^ 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 379 

western and northern sides of the hill to the porch of 
the Jacobean facade. In order to do this, the whole of 
the Lower Ward was reduced to one level by lowering 
it slightly on the south and raising it very considerably 
on the north. A wall against the hill on the south 
and another wall connecting it with the old curtain 
wall on the north were alike removed. The original 
road that passed through Sir Reynold de Mohun's 
gateway towards the Jacobean mansion was entirely 
obliterated by piling tons of earth upon it, covered 
with green turf. Happily, the gateway itself was 
spared, and its remarkable doors, although closed, 
were protected by the erection of a wall behind them. 
For the benefit of persons on foot, a little staircase 
was made close by, to give access to the new artificial 
platform above known as ' the Green Court. ' All this 
was done in 1764. 

Up to the date of these drastic changes, the ground 
floor of Sir Hugh Luttrell's gatehouse had been directly 
accessible from the Lower Ward on the south. The 
effect of them was, however, to leave not only the 
ground floor, but also the middle storey, below the 
newly created level. Some remains of a vaulted 
chamber adjoining appear to have been simply buried. 
The Gatehouse itself was materially altered. A door- 
way of the early part of the sixteenth century and an 
oaken door, taken from some demolished building, 
were put together and set up at its southern end, on 
Hull's new level, to give access to the spiral staircase 
leading to the two lower storeys, and across the landing 
of that staircase to the upper south room. On either 
side of the door was built a polygonal turret, battle- 
mented above and pierced below with narrow apertures 
intended to represent ancient loopholes. The original 
turret above the northern staircase was at the same time 



380 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

removed and the roofs of the two sections were reduced 
to uniformity. So cleverly did Hull do his work that 
it has sometimes been ascribed to the sixteenth century. 
Very little of the old curtain wall is now visible to 
the west of the Gatehouse, its external face being 
almost entirely hidden by earth placed in front of it. 
From the time of the first Henry Fownes Luttrell 
to that of his great-grandson, the present owner, 
nothing was done to Dunster Castle beyond necess- 
ary repairs of a minor character. Hardly a piece 
of furniture was changed. It is unfortunate that 
nothing is known about the history of three curious 
and interesting chairs now preserved in the Castle, 
the description of such things in the old inventor- 
ies being very meagre. A picture of the largest 
of them, which is made of ash, is given opposite. 
The other two, made of pear-wood with triangular 
seats of oak, are much simpler. Chairs of a similar, 
though rare, type exist at Hereford Cathedral, the 
Bishop's Palace at Wells, the Ashmolean Museum at 
Oxford, Harvard College, U.S.A., Barlborough Hall 
in Derbyshire, Cheshunt Manor, and some other 
private houses. A recent writer goes so far as to say 
that the type is " of Byzantine origin... introduced 
into Scandinavia and from thence doubtless brought 
to England by the Normans. " ^ The three examples 
at Dunster cannot, however, be ascribed to an earlier 
period than the sixteenth century. Horace Walpole 
was for some years very envious of Richard Bateman 
who had picked up in farmhouses in Herefordshire a 
number of old chairs, " the seats triangular, the backs, 
arms, and legs loaded with turnery. " ^ Eventually 
he secured six of them for Strawberry Hill after the 

' M^cquoid's History of English Fur- * Letters, 20 Aug. 1761; 24 vSept. 

nitnre vol. i. pp. 71-73. 1762 ; 16 March 1765. 




TURNED CHAIR, 
PUNSTER CASTLF. 



CH. XI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 381 

death of Bateman, who had disfigured some with 
heraldic and other painting. ^ 

Mr. G. F. Luttrell had not been long in possession 
of Dunster Castle before he resolved to make material 
alterations in the fabric, so as to adapt it to modern 
requirements. The task entrusted by him to the late 
Mr. A. Salvin was singularly difficult, because there 
was so little ground available for the necessary ex- 
tension. In the first place, additional accommodation 
was provided by pulling down the northern tower of 
the Jacobean fa9ade and building a more important 
tower on its site, with a turret staircase attached. 
The tower over the main entrance was at the same 
time rebuilt on a larger scale, and a passage was in- 
geniously constructed in the roof. On the eastern 
side of the Castle, the incongruous Chapel of 1722 
was replaced by a lofty tower containing a drawing- 
room on the ground-floor and bedrooms above. In 
the Parlour, in the room over it, in the Great Staircase 
and elsewhere, stone mullioned windows of simple 
design were substituted for the Venetian and the so- 
called ' Gothic ' windows inserted by Henry Fownes 
Luttrell in the middle of the eighteenth century. 

The internal alterations devised by Mr. Salvin 
were numerous and important. An additional hall, 
loftier than the old one, was created by the abolition 
of two rooms and a passage on the ground floor and 
the like on the floor immediately above. The kitchen 
and other offices further south were converted into 
sitting rooms, and a new range of offices was con- 
structed between the new northern tower and the old 
gateway of the Lower Ward. The massive doors of 
this gateway, closed in 1761, were reopened, and a 
staircase was made behind it to give access to the 

' Catalogue of strawberry Hill (1S42), seventeenth day, lots 102, 114. 



382 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xi. 

Green Court in front of the house. By a change of 
floor levels and the removal of a transverse v^^all, the 
two upper rooms of Sir Hugh Luttrell's gatehouse 
were thrown into one. 

As seen from the town, from the park, and from 
elsewhere, Dunster Castle is now more imposing and 
withal far more picturesque than it was forty years 
ago. The chief matter for regret in connexion with 
Mr. Salvin's work is that he should have thought it 
necessary to remove the handsome woodwork of the 
Parlour and the Hall, dating from the time of Charles 
the Second. ^ 

It remains to be added that the Castle is now ap- 
proached by a carriage-road winding round the Tor 
on a gradient much easier than that of the eighteenth 
century, and commanding beautiful views of the Park 
and the vale of Avill. 

The collection of pictures at Dunster Castle has 
been enriched in recent years by the transfer of several 
portraits of Drewes from Wootton Fitzpaine, and 
portraits from Nethway, including one of Henry, Prince 
of Wales, by or after Van Somer, and a large full- 
length by Bower of a gorgeous cavalier, aged 24 in 
1633, but unfortunately nameless. Little is known 
about the history of two bronze guns lately removed 
from Minehead to Dunster Castle. They bear the 
date 1787, the name and arms of Pope Pius the 
Sixth and the arms of a Cardinal. They must presum- 
ably have come by sea from Civita Vecchia or Ancona. 

' Some of it is now in the Billiard-room. 




FIREPLACE IN THE HALL. 
DUNSTER CASTLE. 



CHAPTER XII. 

DuNSTER Church and Priory, 



The earliest mention of the church of Dunster is 
to be found in a charter of the first WilHam de 
Mohun, which may be translated thus : — 

" Be it known to all faithful members of the Catholic 
Church both present and future that I, WilHam de Moione, 
pricked by the fear of God, give and grant in perpetuity 
for the weal of my soul and that of William, King of the 
English, and those of all my ancestors and successors, to 
the church of St. Peter of Bath and to John, Bishop of that 
monastery, and to the monks both present and future, the 
church of St. George of Dunestore, and myself, and the 
tithe of the same town, both of vines and of ploughs and 
of the market as also of all sheep, and the whole town of 
Alcume and all things belonging to it, free and quit of all 
service, that is to say a hide of land, and a moiety of the 
tithe of Maneheafe, and the whole tithe of Bradeuude, and 
all the tithe of Carentun so far as it belongs to me, and the 
whole tithe of Niwetun, and a moiety of the tithe of Brun- 
feld, and the whole tithe of Stokelande, and the whole 
[tithe] of Kilvestune, and two fisheries, the one belonging 
to Dunesthor and the other to Carentun, and the whole 
tithe of my mares on the moors. And I grant all these 
things to the aforesaid church of Bath by consent of my 
wife Adelisa, in order that the Bishop and monks of the 
same may build and raise the church of St. George. Of 
this benefaction there are these witnesses on my behalf — 
Henry de Port, and Durand the steward, and Ogis and 
Geroius, and Walter de Celsui, and Robert le Blond (flavus) 
and Geoffrey and Robert my sons, and Wilmund my 



384 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

brother, and Odo de Altaribus, and William de Hermod- 
ville, and Robert son of Richard, and Humphrey de Pierre- 
pont {Petreponte\ and Ralph son of Osbern, and Herbert 
of Kent, and Richard le Blond (flavus), and Picot, and 
Engelram son of Juelin, and Alexander de Percy. These 
are on behalf of the Bishop, that is to say Gireward the 
monk, and Girebert the archdeacon, and Dunstan the 
priest, and Gilbert the priest, and William the clerk, and 
Adelard the steward, and Turald and Sabian." ^ 

The charter is not dated, but as it was issued 
during the episcopate of John and the reign of 
William, it may with certainty be referred to the 
decade between 1090 and iioo. Two of the wit- 
nesses, Durand and Ogis, were tenants under William 
de Mohun at the time of the Domesday Survey of 
1086. The property given to the monks comprised 
the manor of Alcombe, the advowson of the church 
of Dunster, dedicated to St. George who was popular 
with the Normans, and tithes of various manors 
which William de Mohun held in demesne, Dunster, 
Minehead, Broadwood, Carhampton, Newton now 
known as BicknoUer, Broomfield, Stockland now 
known as Shurton, and Kilton. The two fisheries 
mentioned may have been in the little river flowing 
from Avill, or on the sea-shore. 

The charter of William de Mohun is known to 
have been confirmed by St. Anselm and by William 
Rufus, but the charter of the Archbishop and that 
of the King have alike disappeared. ^ 

Ere long, a moiety of the tithes of Exford was 
given to the monks of Bath by William de Mohun, 
probably the second of that name. It was he who 
gave them some land called Avelham, for the benefit 
of the soul of his son Ralph, and apparently three 

> Two Chartularies of Bath (S.R.S.), -' Ibid, C. 65. 

^- 34- 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 385 

ferlings of land at Northcombe. * From documents 
of much later date, it seems clear that Avelham was 
near the southern end of Dunster, and that North- 
combe was in the neighbouring parish of Cutcombe. ^ 

Between the years 11 38 and 1160, the monks of 
Bath obtained from Theobald, Archbishop of Canter- 
bury, a solemn confirmation of the lands and tithes 
granted to them at Dunster, Carhampton, Stockland, 
Kilton, Avelham, Staunton, Minehead and Exford 
with the church of Dunster. They must have 
acquired the tithes of Staunton from the person who 
held that manor of the lord of Dunster by military 
service, as it is not mentioned in any of the early 
charters issued by the Mohuns. For some reason 
unknown, the archbishop ignores the tithes of 
Broadwood, Newton and Broomfield, specified in 
successive charters. If correctly transcribed, his 
charter is remarkable as recognising the canonization 
of his eminent predecessor, Anselm of Aosta. ^ 

WiUiam de Mohun the Third confirmed the grants 
made by his predecessors. His charter is obviously 
based upon that of William de Mohun the First, as 
given above, but it contains some variations. Thus, 
among the tithes of Dunster it specifies those of the 
mills and the copses, and it mentions the church of 
Kilton as well as the tithes of that parish. On the 
other hand it contains no reference whatever to the 



' D.C.M. xvx. 7 process are not clear. His canonization 
* Taxatio. was demanded, but without effect, by 
5 Two Chartularies of Bath, C. 55. Thomas Becket ; the final ratification 
The original charter has long disap- of it is ascribed to a papal bull some 
peared, and 'Saudi Anselmi' in the centuries later. " Saint Anselm, ■p. ■^01. 
early transcript of it at Cambridge On the other hand there is a bull of 
may be a clerical error for ' Sanctc Pope Alexander the Third of the year 
memoric Anselmi', a phrase which 1 163, empowering thT Archbishop of 
occurs earlier in the document. " His Canterbury to proceed with the canon- 
name ", writes Dean Church, " as was ization desired. Rymer's Fcedera, 
to be expected, passed into the roll of vol. i. p. 42. 
saints ; but apparently the steps of the 



386 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

monks of Bath, all the endowments being described 
as belonging to the church of Dunster. ^ Although 
the charter of William de Mohun the First cannot be 
regarded as founding a cell, or priory, at Dunster, it 
is quite possible that a few of the Benedictine monks 
of Bath may have been established there as early as the 
eleventh century, in pursuance of an unrecorded 
agreement made with him. The first specific refer- 
ence to a religious house at Dunster occurs in 1 177, 
when the Bishop of Winchester, as guardian of the 
heir of William de Mohun, paid 54J. " to the monks 
of St. George of Dunster " for tithes from his ward's 
estate for the previous eighteen months. ^ By this 
date at any rate, if not much earlier, the Benedictines 
were settled at Dunster on the northern side of the 
parochial church. 

A charter of William de Mohun which, if authen- 
tic, must be ascribed to the fourth of that name, 
defines the boundaries of the hide of land at Alcombe 
belonging to the monks, and enumerates among their 
endowments the tithe of the demesne of Shurton, 
which was really Stockland, and some land at Kyne- 
wordisham which the Taxatio of 1291, shows to be 
Kersham in Luxborough. ^ 

In the course of the twelfth century, the Benedict- 
ine monks duly built and raised the church of St. 
George at Dunster. Some work of that period remains 
to this day, though much altered in later centuries. 
The northern wall of the nave is Norman, as is also 
the central part of the western wall of the nave, in 

• D.C.M. XVI. 7. It is worthy of Somerset. 

remark that a bull of Pope Honorius * Two Chartularies of Bath, L. 845. 

the Third dated at the Lateran 13 Kal. The charter may have been forged 

Dec. a.p. 7 (A.D. 1224) confirms to the with a view to the general confirmation 

monks of Dunster only two churches, granted by John de Mohun the Fifth in 

those of Dunster and Carhampton. 1341- Dugdale's Monasticon, vol. iv. 

D.C.M. XVI. 2. p. 202. 

* Pipe Roll, 23 Hen. II. Dorset and 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 387 

which a round arched doorway was discovered and 
reopened in i 876. It is almost certain that the nave, 
which measured internally about 80 feet in length by 
26 in breadth, had no side aisles, and that it had an 
almost flat wooden roof, much higher up than the 
arches that now exist on either side. At the eastern 
end of the nave was a large round-headed arch, of 
which the jambs and capitals remain. Beyond this 
was a tower, or the place for a tower. Whether the 
chancel was square or apsidal it is impossible to say. 

As early as the reign of John, the church of St. 
George was served by a secular priest called simply 
Richard the Chaplain, Vicar of Dunster. On his 
death, or resignation, in that reign, Richard, Prior 
of Bath gave the " perpetual vicarage " of Dunster 
to Robert de Vaus, and promised that he should have 
free food at the monastic table, food for his groom 
or servant, and forage for his palfrey. ^ As the monks 
were not necessarily in priests' orders, and were liable 
at any time to be recalled to the mother house at 
Bath, it was convenient that the cure of souls and 
the maintenance of services for the lay-folk, should be 
entrusted to a secular vicar, nominated by the Prior 
of Bath and to some extent dependent upon him, but 
instituted, as to a benefice, by the Bishop of the 
diocese and not liable to be removed without good 
cause. The emoluments of the Vicar of Dunster 
were, however, so small in the middle ages, and his 
position so subordinate, that resignations were fre- 
quent. 

There was some controversy in 1 240 between the 
monks of Bath and Sir Reynold de Mohun, the for- 
mer claiming tithe of the hay of Caremore, a large 
field in his demesne in the parish of Carhampton, 

' Two Chartnlaries of Bath, L. 70. 



388 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

tithe of the pasture of the Waterletes in the parishes 
of Dunster and Carhampton, tithe of a windmill at 
Kilton, and tithe of his pigs at Dunster, Carhampton 
and Kilton. The question was referred by the Pope 
to the Dean, the Precentor, and the Succentor of 
Salisbury, who, in the following year, heard both 
parties in the Lady Chapel at Glastonbury, and effect- 
ed an elaborate agreement between them. ^ There 
is no need to set out the details here, but it is worthy 
of mention that the document contains the earliest 
mention of Marshwood Park, the principal park of 
the lords of Dunster, situate about a mile and a half 
to the east of their Castle. 

At some unspecified date. Sir Reynold de Mohun 
confirmed to the church of Dunster " and to the 
monks there serving God " the endowments granted 
to them by his father and his ancestors, but it is 
significant that his charter to that effect follows almost 
word for word the charters of the third William de 
Mohun, and makes no mention of Shurton or Kers- 
ham. ^ By another charter, he granted to the Prior 
and monks of Dunster and their successors in perpe- 
tuity every tenth pig, " live or dead, " belonging to 
him at Dunster, Carhampton, and Kilton, in accord- 
ance with the terms of the compromise of 1241. 
He also released them from the obligation of doing 
suit to the court of his Hundred of Minehead, which 
had not been entirely absorbed into the Hundred of 
Carhampton. ' 

In the reign of Henry the Third, the Benedictine 
monks rebuilt and enlarged the chancel of the church 
of Dunster, in the prevailing style known as Early 
English or First Pointed. It measured internally 50 

' Mohun Cartulary. * D.C.M. XVI. 

» D.C.M. XVI. 4. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 389 

feet in length by 22 in breadth, being thus somewhat 
narrower than the Norman nave. In the eastern 
wall there were three lancet windows, the central one 
higher, as usual, than the other two. There was a 
row of simpler lancets in the south wall, where the 
sedilia occupied the normal position. The small 
sacristy on the north, which retains its ancient stone 
altar, may also date from the thirteenth century, 
although its doorway and windows are of much later 
date. Another specimen of Early English work may 
be seen in the upper part of the curious opening 
between the southern transept and the south-eastern 
chapel. There is, however, some reason to doubt 
whether it occupies its original position. 

The agreement made, in 1254, between Reynold 
de Mohun and the monks of Bath mentions a chapel 
of St. Lawrence in the Priory of Dunster, but does 
not define its situation. ^ In course of time the 
chapel of St. Lawrence became a popular chantry, 
served daily by a secular chaplain, who was more or 
less independent of the Prior and the Vicar alike. 
Various burgages in Dunster were given or bequeath- 
ed to it before the Reformation. ^ 

In 1276, Walter Lucy arranged with the monks 
of Bath that a secular chaplain should say mass daily 
at the altar of the Holy Rood, after matins, for his 
soul and the souls of his wives Margery and Lucy, 
Robert Lucy and Agnes his wife, Roger Lucy and 
Sir John de Mohun and Eleanor his wife. ^ This 
chantry is described as ' perpetual ' in 1 308, when the 
chaplain received 20s. a year, but the allowance had 
been reduced to 13J. 4^. by 1333.* There was no 
separate endowment for it and, after a while, the Lucy 

> D.C.M. XVI, I. See above, p. 31. 221. 

» D.C.B. nos. 80, 91, 92, 93 ; D.C.M. ' Two Chartularies of Bath, L. 368. 

XV. 5 ; Somerset Chantries, pp. 42, 219- * Ibid. L. 679, 745. 



390 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

mass seems to have been undertaken by the Vicar or 
one of the other secular priests connected with the 
church. The altar of the Holy Rood presumably 
stood at the end of the nave, close to the north-western 
pier of the tower, and almost under the crucifix from 
which it took its name. 

By a will dated and proved in 1369, Gilbert Scutt 
of Dunster directed that 3//^. of wax should be made 
into two candles to burn by his corpse on the night 
and the day of his burial, and afterwards to burn re- 
spectively before the altar of the Holy Rood and in 
the chapel of Our Lady. ^ 

Although a Prior of Dunster is specifically men- 
tioned before 1262, it is doubtful whether the little 
Benedictine house at that place had then any definite 
organisation. ^ A document of the year 1330 describes 
it as being of the foundation of John de Mohuii, 
recently deceased, and Ada his wife, and fixes the 
number of members at five, that is to say a Prior and 
four brethren. ^ This was doubtless the John de 
Mohun for whose soul the monks continued to 
distribute 6s. %d, yearly among the poor until the 
dissolution of the establishment in the reign of Henry 
the Eighth. " 

Under an arrangement made between 1290 and 
1 30 1, the Prior and monks of Dunster used to pay 
20 marks a year to the mother house at Bath for the 
two churches of Carhampton, of which half a mark 
was due to the chamberlain on the feast of St. Carantoc 
and a like amount on the anniversary of Martin, Prior 
of Dunster. ^ There is mention in the reign of Edward 
the Second of a church of St. Carantoc at Carhamp- 



' D.C.B. no. 12. ■• Valor Ecclesiasticus, vol. i. p. 220. 

" Two Chartuhvics of Bath, L. 241. * D.C.M. xvi,3. 

» Ibid. L. 694. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 391 

ton. ^ The existing church is dedicated to St. John 
the Baptist. 

When Robert of Sutton, Prior of Bath, was turned 
out of his place in order to make room for a papal 
nominee, he was sent to rule the little community at 
Dunster, and endued with special power to choose 
his own associates. An allowance of 20/. assigned to 
him, in 1332, for the increase of his position and 
honour, seems to have been purely personal. ^ 

John de Mohun the Fifth issued three charters in 
favour of the Benedictine house that stood almost 
under his castle. The first of them, dated in 1341 
when he was only just of full age, is a general con- 
firmation of the gifts of his ancestors to the church ot 
St. George and the monks, specifying all the endow- 
ments mentioned above and some others, that is to 
say pasture called Fowlersmarsh, land called Frackford 
(situate between Dunster and Avill), a ferling of the 
manor of Cutcombe at Chaldewell, another ferling 
between Stentwill and Cowbridge mill, several burgages 
in Dunster and the tithes of Combe and Codford. ' 

In this connexion it is worthy of remark that, at a 
somewhat later period, the monks of Bath interpolated 
a mention of the tithes of Shurton, Combe, Codford 
and Exford into a copy of the charter of the first 
William de Mohun. ^ Although the actual charter 
has long since disappeared, the earlier copy of it at 
Cambridge and several confirmations of it show clearly 
that these tithes were not named as part of the original 
endowment. The monks had recourse to falsification 
in order to support claims of which some at any rate 
needed no such assistance. 

' Historical MSS. Comm. Tenth » Register of Bishop Ralph (S.R.S.) 

Report, App. vi, p. 73 ; Leiand's Itin- pp. 121, 176. 

erary ; Savage's Hundred of Carhamp- * Dugdale's M(5»a5//co7i,vol. iv. p.202. 

/on, p. 287. * Tivo Chartularics of Bath, L. 8:^4. 



392 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii 

By a second charter, dated in August 1342, John 
de Mohun remitted to the Benedictine monks a yearly- 
rent of Ss. dd. due to him from burgages which they 
had acquired in the town of Dunster, and a yearly 
rent of lib. of pepper from Kilton. He also gave 
them common of pasture on Croydon for all their 
beasts at Cowbridge, pasture on Grabbist, and twelve 
cartloads of windfall wood for fuel from Marsh wood 
Park, and the ' foreign ' woods of Dunster, provided 
that the carts should not be too large to be drawn by 
two horses. ^ His third charter was merely a con- 
firmation of the second, and the necessity for its issue 
is not obvious. ^ 

In connexion with the endowments of the Priory, 
it may here be mentioned that the monastic estate in 
Dunster and the neighbourhood was a manor quite 
distinct from that of the Mohuns and Luttrells. 
None of the original court-rolls remain, but some 
extracts from them record the admission of tenants 
for life. ^ On the other hand, the Priory was merely 
a * cell ' subordinate to the larger establishment at 
Bath, whose Prior and Convent sometimes exercised 
the right of granting leases, corrodies, and the like. * 

There is mention in 1 345 of the sumptuous build- 
ings erected by Adam of Cheddar, who had been 
appointed Prior of Dunster some eight years before. ^ 
It is, however, uncertain whether these were at Duns- 
ter or at Bath, where he then occupied the office of 
Chamberlain of the great Benedictine house. The 
earliest existing remains of the monastic buildings at 
the former place date only from the first half of the 
fifteenth century. 

Adam of Cheddar may have had something to do 

1 D.C.M. XVI. 3. ^ Two Chartttlaries of Bath, passim. 

D.C.M. XVI. 6. * Ibid. L. 780, 876, 880. 

D.C.M. VIII. 2 ; D.C.B. no. 51. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 393 

with the erection of the great piers connected with 
pointed arches that carry the central tower of the 
church. From the fact that there are four such arches, 
uniform in size and design, it is clear that the build- 
ing was intended to be cruciform at the time of their 
erection in the middle of the fourteenth century or 
soon after. The two eastern piers are supported by 
angle-buttresses which project through the chancel 
into the chapels on either side of it. The other two 
piers are built against the massive Norman work at 
the eastern end of the nave, and consequently occupy 
a larger space. 

In January 1357, as it appears, a very interesting 
agreement (pees) was made, in the presence of Sir 
John de Mohun, between Richard of Childeston, Prior 
of Dunster, and the monks on the one side, and the 
parishioners on the other, with regard to the services 
of the church, the provision of lights, and the repair 
and maintenance of the aisles (les eles) and the central 
tower [ie clocher) . ^ The following is a summary of 
the terms which are recorded in clumsy French : — 

(i) On festivals and Sundays, the Prior and the 
monks shall begin their service at such a time that 
high mass may be said in summer, between Easter 
and Michaelmas, by the hour of tierce (nine o'clock), 
and in winter, between Michaelmas and Easter, by 
twelve o'clock {kur de midy ou nonne) at latest. The 

' The agreement is dated " in the with that of the lower part of the 

thirteenth year of the reign of King existing tower. Furthermore it should 

Edward, Friday next after the feast of be observed that in 1302 the feast of 

St. Wulstan. " The absence of any .St. Wulstan fell on a Friday and that 

numeral after the name of the King in the week following there came the 

suggests that it may have been drawn feast of the Conversion of St. Paul, far 

up in 1302, and Richard of Childeston more important in the calendar. In 

may be identified with a certain 1357, there was a Friday only one day 

' Richard ', who was Prior of Dunster after the feast of St. Wulstan. This 

in 1301. On the other hand, the use year seems on the whole the more 

of the French language suggests the probable of the two. 
later date, which would agree better 



394 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

monk who is to perform the high mass shall bless the 
water, and shall sprinkle it throughout the church if 
the Vicar be not ready to do so. The Prior, the 
monks, and the Vicar shall unite in one procession, 
after which the high mass shall be begun at the altar 
of St. George. There the parishioners shall make 
their offerings four times a year. On festivals, the 
Vicar may begin to say mass privately at the altar 
of the Holy Rood for his parishioners after the reading 
of the gospel at the high mass. 

(2) At Christmas, Epiphany, Easter, Trinity, and 
the feasts of St. John Baptist and Sts. Peter and Paul, 
the parishioners shall provide two candles (cirges), and 
the Prior a third, to burn on the altar of St. George 
at vespers, at matins, at the high mass, and at the 
second vespers, and at these festivals the parishioners 
shall provide candles (chandeles) for the choir as necess- 
ity may require. On the three days before Easter, 
the parishioners shall provide all the lights for the 
hearse {la herte) except the ' Judas, ' which the Prior 
and the monks shall provide, and the parishioners 
shall provide candles for the choir, any remains being 
saved. The parishioners shall provide one half of the 
Paschal Candle, and the monks the other half. After 
the feast of the Trinity, any of the wax of the Paschal 
Candle remaining over shall be divided evenly between 
the monks and the parishioners. The parishioners 
shall provide a lamp to burn before the altar of St. 
George at night for ever, and the monks shall provide 
another lamp to burn there by day. For other lights, 
the parishioners shall give to the Prior and monks 
two pounds of wax at Michaelmas yearly for ever. 

(3) The Prior shall repair and roof (cover a) the 
tower suitably without defect, and shall receive from 
the parishioners 8 marks in three instalments. He 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 395 

shall roof and for ever maintain (amenderd) the chapel 
of Our Lady and the dorter aisle {la ele dortur) . The 
parishioners shall for ever maintain the chapel of 
St. Leonard and the aisle between the chapel of St. 
Lawrence and the tower. 

The terms of the agreement point to the existence 
of the usual rivalry between the regular and the secular 
clergy, the parishioners sympathising with the latter. 
The monks had their stalls in the chancel, or, far less 
probably, beneath the unfinished tower, and they had 
the exclusive right to use the altar of St. George for 
high mass, with deacon and subdeacon and music, 
while the vicar was restricted to saying low mass in 
the nave of the church. Nevertheless his was the 
more popular service, as shown by the monks' stipu- 
lation that the lay-folk should contribute to the 
offertory at their mass four times a year. 

The ' hearse ' mentioned above was a triangular 
frame for the candles used at the service called Tenebra 
on three afternoons in Holy Week, and the ' Judas ' 
was apparently a false candle connected therewith. 
As it is not likely that the great Paschal Candle was 
to be made in two sections, we must suppose that each 
of the parties to the agreement was to contribute an 
equal amount of wax towards it, the surplus being 
divisible between them after it had burned for the 
appointed period. ^ 

Proceeding to important questions with regard to 
the fabric of the church, the agreement presupposes 
that the monks were responsible for the maintenance 
of the chancel, and the parishioners for that of the 

' For notices of the 'Judas', see pp. 168-170 ; Feasey's //o/>' W^cft Ccj-tf- 

Archaeologia, vol. xiv. p. 119; vol. i. moiiial, p. 91 ; Micklethwaite's Orna- 

p. 44 ; iVtw English Dictionary, s. v ; nients of lite Rubric, p. 53. 
Fowler's Memorials of Ripon, vol. iii. - See Customary 0] St. Aiigtistiiie's, 

p.2i2;Woids\\'orth'& Medieval Scn'ices, Canterbury, p. 121. 



396 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

nave. Both parties were interested in the tower. In 
the division of liability for the rest of the church, the 
monks undertook the Lady Chapel and the adjoining 
northern transept, styled the ' dorter aisle ', whence 
a flight of steps presumably led up to their ' dorter ', 
or dormitory. The parishioners undertook the south- 
ern transept giving access to the chapel of St. Law- 
rence, which may be located to the east of it. 

Whatever Richard of Childeston may have done 
to the tower, most of it dates only from the fifteenth 
century. In the heart of the north-western pier 
there is a spiral staircase leading from the nave to the 
roof. A four-centred doorway some way up on the 
southern side of it formerly gave access to a roodloft, 
or gallery, stretching across to the south-western pier. 
The date of this wooden structure, long since removed, 
is fixed by the will of William Pynsoun " citizen of 
Dunster, " who, in 1420, bequeathed 6s. 8^. to the 
work of the new loft of the Holy Rood fad opus tiovi 
solarii Sancte CrucisJ in the church there. ^ 

Below the roodloft, or rather a little eastward of 
it, there was the usual open screen, the former situa- 
tion of which is marked by notches on the western 
archway of the tower. The roodloft and this screen 
were probably connected by a deep cove, purely orna- 
mental, but giving an appearance of support to the 
upper part of the lofty structure. A screen now 
standing under the eastern arch of the south transept, 
and clearly dating from the first half of the fifteenth 
century, may be identified with that which was 

' The very indifferent scholar who and Priory, p. 14.) William Hamper, 

transcribed this will in 1716 was in the of Birminfjham, who obtained pos- 

first instance unable to decipher the session of the original will, has fortun- 

last of the Latin words quoted above, ately given a quotation from it which 

and afterwards guessed it to be Trini- is clearly more correct. (Gentleman's 

talis. D.C.B. no. 16. Mr. Hancock Magazine, vol. Ixxviii. p. 877.) 
has followed him. (Dunster Chnrch 




X 




:) 




ci 


X 


UJ 


D 


X 


O 
(0 


{) 






id 


ai 


S 


UJ 




Uh 


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:z 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 397 

then set up under the western archway of the tower. 

WilHam Pynsoun mentioned above further be- 
queathed 40J-. to the building of a new bell-tower and 
20s. towards a new bell.' The lower stage of the 
tower above the roof of the church has a window of 
two lights on each of its four sides, and was clearly 
built about this period. 

In 1443, the parish of Dunster resolved to com- 
plete the work, and accordingly entered into a con- 
tract with a certain John Marys of Stoke Courcy for 
the addition of two upper stages. According to the 
terms of this interesting document written in English, 
the tower was to be a hundred feet high above the 
' gras-tabyl ' or plinth. There were to be three 
' French ' buttresses, that is to say angle-buttresses 
* fining, ' or diminishing, at the ' water-table, ' or 
string-course, and three ' gargylles, ' one at each angle. 
In the fourth angle there was to be a ' vice, ' or 
spiral staircase. The top of the tower was to be 
adorned with a ' batylment ' and four ' pynacles, ' one 
of which was to be placed ' upon the vice, after 
reson and gode proportion. ' On the first new stage, 
called 'the first flore,' there were to be two windows, 
one on the north side and the other on the south, 
each of one * day, ' or light, with four ' genelas, ' or 
cusps. At the ' bell-bed ' there were to be four win- 
dows, each of two ' days ' separated by a ' moynell ' 
or mullion, and further divided horizontally by a 
'trawnsom' designed by a freemason named Richard 
Pope. The main walls to be built by Marys were to 
be 4 feet thick up to the ' bell-bed ' and 3 feet 6 
inches thick above. The parish undertook to provide 
all the material and the necessary appliances, such as 
' ropes, poleys, winchchys ' and the like, and to pay 

» D.C.B. no. 16. 



398 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

Marys 1 3^. 4<^. per foot for ' workemanchyppe, ' 
with 20J-. extra for carving the pinnacles. ' JHe had 
apparently only one or two assistants, and he was 
allowed three years for the completion of the work. ^ 

The absence in this elaborate contract of any allusion 
to the lower stage of the tower may fairly be taken 
to show that it was already in existence. On the 
other hand the reference to the ' gras-tabyl ' as a level 
from which measurements could be taken is worthy 
of notice. 

Both the transepts appear to have been rebuilt or 
altered shortly after the completion of the tower. 
The southern one, being visible from the town, is 
the more ornamented of the two, and has on the outside 
a canopied niche on either side of a large window 
over the door. The north-eastern chapel, presumably 
the Lady Chapel, must also have been rebuilt 
in the middle of the fifteenth century, the arch which 
connects it with the' northern transept being purer 
in style than most of the Perpendicular work in the 
church. About the same time, a large window was 
inserted in the eastern wall of the chancel and another 
over the western door. The chapel of St. Lawrence 
on the east side of the southern transept seems to 
have been enlarged and rebuilt in the later part of 
the fifteenth century. The octagonal font in the nave 
seems also to date from the same period. 

One remarkable fact in connexion with the contract 
of 1443 is that it contains no reference whatever to 
the Prior and Convent of Dunster. The monks had 
apparently relaxed their interest in the western part 
of the church. A will of John Batelyn of Dunster, 

' Arclicvologkal Journal, vol. xxxviii, first stage to be built by Marj's. Those 

p. 217, from D.C.B. no. 15. The walls of the lower and earlier stage are 

of the clockchamber are 4 feet thick, 6 inches thicker, and the arches that 

thus corresponding with those of the carry the tower are 4 feet 9 inches thick. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 399 

made in 1420, is interesting as bequeathing a pair of 
silver cruets apiece to the high altar, the parochial 
altar, and the altar of St. Lawrence. ^ We may fairly 
infer that these were the altars at which he was wont 
to worship on particular days or at particular hours. 
The ' parochial altar ' was presumably that or the 
Holy Rood mentioned in the formal agreement of 
the previous century. In the ordinary course, the 
high altar was served by a monk, the parochial altar 
by the Vicar, and the altar of St. Lawrence by its own 
chaplain. The altar of Our Lady had no special 
priest attached to it, and was probably served by one 
of the monks. 

Later in the fifteenth century, a chantry was found- 
ed at the altar of the Holy Trinity, which is described 
vaguely as situate " in the parochial church of Duns- 
ter. " Its exact position there is not defined. The 
founders of it appear to have been Henry Frank and 
Christina his wife, and William Cadman alias Gierke 
and Alice his wife. Some of the original trustees had 
died before 1491, when the survivors assigned the 
endowments to a secular chaplain named Richard 
Baker for the term of his life. His primary duty 
was to celebrate mass daily for the founders and the 
trustees at the altar of the Holy Trinity, but he was 
also bound to assist "in the choir" of the "parochial 
church " on Sundays and holy days " with the other 
priests, " presumably the monks, and the chaplain of 
the chantry of St. Lawrence. ^ 

In the reign of Henry the Seventh, the Prior and 
Convent of Bath applied to the Lord Privy Seal for 
remedy of certain wrongs which, they said, had been 
done to their brethren at Dunster. Their main griev- 
ances were : — 

' D.C.M. VIII. 2. document in Mr. Hancock's book (p. 15. 

* D.C.B. no. 94. The version of this is unfortunate. 



400 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

(i) That, whereas the Prior had been wont to re- 
ceive a fee of 6s. 8^/. " for breking of the grounde " in 
the church " for every sepulture there made, " certain 
persons had taken upon themselves " to breke the 
said grounde " without his " licence or favour, " and 
without payment to him. 

(2) That the parishioners had caused holy water to 
be " halowed within the bodie of the churche, con- 
trarie to tholde custome and to there composicion. " 

(3) That they had withdrawn their customary 
offerings to the Prior " at wedynges and at bury- 
ynges, as was wele shewd at the buryyng of the 
modre of Maistir Loty, gentilman. " 

(4) That they would not suffer any citation or 
privy seal " to be executed there within a certeyn 
brigge. " 

(5) That " to fulfill and satisfie theire croked appe- 
tites, thei toke up the bell roopis and said that the 
Priour and Convent there shuld have no bellis there 
to ryng. " 

The principal persons banded together were stated 
to be " Sir William Harries, vicary there, wiche bathe 
cure of there soules, and shuld move and councell 
them to be of better condicions to Goddes pleasure, " 
but who " contrary to his dewtie comfortethe them 
in theire ill doinges and wulnot that they shuld be 
refourmed to a better and a more godlie way; Thomas 
Upcote, merchaunt; Thomas Kodogon, yeoman; John 
Withur, baker ; Adam Wilkyns, clothemaker ; Wil- 
liam Crasse, bocher ; Symond Pers, yoman ; John 
Greyme,yoman; John Philippis, tanner; John Paynter, 
harbour; John Morgan, parker ; Martyn Glover." * 

No answer on behalf of these persons has been 
preserved. We may, however, reasonably suppose 

' star Chamber Proceedings, Hen. vn. no. 122. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 401 

them to have contended that the complainants had 
no concern with weddings, funerals, and other services 
conducted by the Vicar in the body of the church, 
that is to say in the part lying to the west of the 
chancel in which the monks had their stalls and said 
their offices. With regard to the bells, it has been 
seen already that the upper part of the central tower 
in which they hung had been built at the cost of 
the parish, and that the staircase leading up to them 
was accessible only from the nave. 

There seems to be some error as to the Christian 
name of the chief offender. A certain Richard 
Harris was Vicar of Dunster from 1485 to 1494 ; 
William Harris, clerk, who is mentioned in a local 
court-roll of 1509, was probably one of the chantry 
priests. ^ It may be noted by the way that Thomas 
Upcot, Thomas Codogan, yeoman of the Crown, an 
ancestor of Earl Cadogan, Simon Pers and John 
Gryme alike left money to the Prior of Dunster by 
wills proved in the earlier years of the sixteenth 
century. ^ John Wyther the baker, their associate, 
is commemorated by a brass in the church bearing 
the following inscription : — 

Of gour c^drite pxa^ for t$e bouUb of %o^n 
Wgt^er et (^^nts §10 wgf et %o^n Wgt^er t^eir 
efbest 0one, yo^obc Bobgc restget^ unber i^ia etone 
anno bomini tniffefitmo ccccfxxxm) ptnudimo bte §ti(ft 
emBrie txv^ci(Xnbo generdfem reBurrecconem mortuorum 
et loitam eterndtn, dmen* 

Above this are the figures of a man and a woman. ^ 

1 D.C.M. XIII. 3. mental Brasses, vol. ii. p. 179. See the 

* Somerset Medieval Wills, vol. ii.pp. cuts of them on the ne.xt page. John 

60, 139, 158, 175. Wyther was amerced 20fi. in 1448 for 

» Haines thinks that the figures were buying corn in Dunster market before 

not engraved until about 1520, and 9 o'clock. D.M.C. xii. 3. John Wyther 

suggests a doubt whether the inscrip- the younger made his will in 1532. 

tion refers to them. Manual of Monu- Weavers I17(7/s H7//.s, p. 72. 



402 



A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 



Fresh disputes between the monks and the lay-folk 
arose ere long, and it was eventually agreed to refer 
the questions at issue to arbitration. On the one 
side were the Prior and Convent of the cathedral 
church of Bath, impropriators of the church of 





JOHN WYTHER 



AGNES WYTHER 



Dunster, and Dan Thomas Browne and the Convent 
of the cell of Dunster, who are explicitly described 
as removeable at the pleasure of the superior author- 
ity. On the other side were William Bond, Vicar 
of the parish church of Dunster, and Sir Hugh Lut- 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 403 

trell, the representative of the inhabitants of the 
town. The three arbitrators chosen were Richard, 
Abbot of Glastonbury, Thomas Tremayle, one of the 
king's justices, and Thomas Gilbert, a doctor of canon 
law. ^ By their means an agreement was made at 
Glastonbury on the 4th of April 1498 and ratified 
by the five seals of the Prior and Convent of Bath, 
the Prior and Convent of Dunster, the Vicar of 
Dunster, Sir Hugh Luttrell, and the parish of Dun- 
ster. The terms, set out at considerable length in 
legal phraseology, were to the following eff^ect : — 

(i)That the Vicar, renouncing all previous endow- 
ments, should receive from the Prior of Dunster an 
allowance of 8/. a year, paid quarterly, and should 
continue to occupy the house in which he then lived, 
upon condition of keeping it in repair, and, if neces- 
sary, of rebuilding it. 

(2) That the Vicar should have all offerings made by 
devout lay folk for the celebration of obits, trentals, 
anniversaries, private masses, and prayers, known as 
" the bederaele penys, " the Prior and Convent con- 
tinuing to receive other ecclesiastical payments due 
to them as impropriators of the church. 

(3) That the Vicar should have a choir independent 
{separatum) of the Prior and monks, to be made and 
maintained at the cost of the parishioners " in the 
nave of the church, that is to say at the altar of St. 
James the Apostle, which is situate on the south side 
of the door (hostium) which leads from the choir of 
the monks into the nave of the church. " 

(4) That in this choir the Vicar, having the cure of 
souls, should, without interference on the part of the 
Prior and monks, administer the sacraments and 

* Thomas Tremayle was the owner in 1509. D.C.M. xiil. 3. 
of 8J burgages in Dunster. He died 



404 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

celebrate sacramentals, to wit the hallowing of water, 
bread, candles at the Purification, ashes on the first 
Wednesday in Lent, flowers and boughs, and the con- 
secration of fonts, receiving the customary offerings 
on behalf of the Prior and monks. 

(5) That the Vicar and the parishioners should be 
free to make processions from their choir in the church 
or in the graveyard on any day of the year except on 
thirteen important festivals, to wit those of Christ- 
mas, Epiphany, Palm Sunday, Easter, Ascension Day, 
Whitsunday, Trinity Sunday, Corpus Christi, the 
Purification, St. George, the Assumption, All Saints, 
and the Dedication of the Church, on each of which 
there was to be a joint procession in the church or 
in the graveyard according to season and weather. 
On these days, the little band of monks " coming 
through the middle of their own choir " was to be 
met by the rest of the congregation as they began to 
issue through (egredi) " the door {liostium) on the 
north side " of the new parochial choir. Then the 
bearer of the monks' cross and the bearer of the parish 
cross were to walk side by side, followed by the 
clerks, the Vicar, the monks, the Prior and the lay 
folk. On their return, the two bodies were to 
separate at " the same door, " the monks passing 
through {tngredientibus) it and the Vicar and his 
clerks returning to their choir, to finish divine service. ^ 

Under this new system, the parishioners were 
released from any obligation to attend mass in the 
chancel, and the Vicar was empowered to celebrate 
high mass in the western part of the church, even on 
the principal festivals of the ecclesiastical year. 

The arrangements made by the arbitrators of 1498 
were materially altered a few years later. By an 

' Register of Bishop King, f. 45. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 405 

ordinance issued in i 5 i 2, Cardinal Hadrian de Castello, 
Bishop of Bath and Wells, reduced the yearly stipend 
of the Vicar of Dunster from 8/. to 4/. On the 
other hand he decreed that the Vicar should receive 
free meals in the monastic refectory, sitting at table 
below the Prior and brethren, but sharing in their food 
and in the refreshments provided by the fireside in 
the winter evenings. He also assigned to the Vicar 
a small meadow, a rent of 2s. from a fulling-mill and 
the rent of the former vicarage, the Prior being 
required to provide for him a room adjoining the 
graveyard. Furthermore the payments made by the 
lay-folk for the publication of the ' Bedrolle ' after 
the Gospel at high mass, and the offerings made by 
them when going to confession in Lent, were specifi- 
cally made over to the Vicar. ^ 

The award of 1498 had important and lasting 
effects upon the church of Dunster, the parishioners 
soon proceeding to remodel all the western part of it 
in order to suit their new requirements. There is 
reason to believe that, in the early part of the sixteenth 
century, they lowered the Norman walls of the nave, 
connecting them with a new wooden roof, and that 
they built, or rebuilt, an aisle on either side. 

In I 504, Thomas Upcot of Dunster bequeathed ten 
tons of iron to the fabric of the church of St. George, 
" that is to the new aisle there to be built or repaired 
on the north side, " on condition that the work should 
be undertaken within three years. ^ The use of the 
word ' repair ' seems to indicate that there was already 
an adjunct to the nave on this side. In any case it 
is not likely that the monks would have allowed the 
parishioners to encroach upon their ground for an 



Register of Bishop Hadrian, f. 104. p. 60. 
Somerset Medieval Wills, vol. ii. 



4o6 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

extension of the church. As reconstructed, the north- 
ern aisle is separated from the eastern part of the 
old nave by four Perpendicular arches resting on 
three pillars with capitals of an ordinary type. A 
debased capital to the eastern respond testifies to the 
lateness of the work. The aisle is lighted by a win- 
dow in its western wall, and four windows in the 
northern wall, the latter not uniform in size. At its 
eastern end the aisle communicates with the northern 
transept. 

In 1509, John Gryme of Frackford bequeathed a 
considerable sum to the fabric of Dunster Church, 
and, some eight year later, his relict followed his 
example, while specifically limiting her bequest to 
the repair of the aisle of the Holy Trinity.^ A docu- 
ment of the year 1537, written during the short 
period when there were two distinct churches under 
one roof, describes the chantry of the Holy Trinity 
as being in the ' parochial ' church of Dunster, and 
so presumably in the non-monastic section. * It may 
thus be located either on the northern or on the 
southern side of the nave. In the reign of Edward 
the Sixth, there is mention of the Chantry of the 
Trinity or St. George, which may have got its second 
dedication after the exclusion of the laity from the 
chancel containing the original altar of St. George. ^ 

It has been seen that the award of 1498 directed 
the Vicar and parishioners to make a new choir in the 
nave of the church at the altar of St. James, which 
must have stood against the south-western pier of the 
tower, parallel with the altar of the Holy Rood 
standing against the north-western pier. In order to 
do this they set up a very handsome oaken screen of 

• Somerset Medieval Wills, vol. ii. * D.C.B. no. 17. 

pp. 139, 193. ' Somerset Chantnes (S.R.S.), p. 221. 




X 

u 

D . 

5 ^ 
2: 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 407 

fifteen unequal compartments stretching, like others 
in this county, right across the building, and sur- 
mounted by a loft or gallery. A small head of 
St. James may still be seen in one of its spandrels 
facing westward. There are three pairs of doors in 
this screen, one opposite to the centre of the north 
aisle, the second opposite to the centre of the nave, 
and the third approximately opposite to the centre of 
the south aisle. Over the middle pair of doors the 
gallery projects eastward, and it has been suggested 
that the additional space there provided was intended 
for an organ. ^ On the other hand it is possible that, 
on the completion of the screen in the early part of 
the sixteenth century, the great rood was removed to 
it from its former position on a beam between the two 
western piers of the tower. 

The gallery over the new screen was formerly 
approached by a spiral staircase in a turret which 
projects into the churchyard from the outer wall of 
the south aisle. Between this turret and the western 
wall of the transept there are three windows differing 
in size, in design, and in date. Internally the south 
aisle is separated from the nave by six arches some- 
what similar to the four arches on the north side, but 
not opposite to them. If the southern arcade had 
been made to correspond with the northern, the cent- 
ral part of the gallery over the screen would have 
been difficult of access. 

In the four western bays of the southern aisle, 
there is some attempt at symmetry of plan, but even 
there the work shows signs of haste. A flat wooden 
roof divided into panels and enriched with carving 
fits the aisle badly, having no wall-plate on the north 
or on the south. On the whole it seems probable that 

' Proceedings of the Somerset Archccological Society, vol. lii. p. 66. 



4o8 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

both the aisles were largely composed of old materials 
put together without much skill. Fragments of 
round shafts, possibly relics of a Norman clerestory to 
the nave, may be recognised in the south wall, and 
the stonework of several windows may have come 
from demolished chapels of the fifteenth century. 
The debased capital of the eastern respond of the 
southern arcade, inscribed with the letter ' M ', is 
obviously later than the other capitals in line with it. 
The south porch may be ascribed to the reign of 
Henry the Eighth, or even to that of James the 
First. 

In no less than nine wills executed by inhabitants 
of Dunster between the years 1531 and 1534, there 
are legacies to " the four lights " in the parish church. ^ 
Other wills refer to one or more of them by name, 
and three wills executed between the years 1509 and 
I 5 17 specify their respective dedications : — 

The Light of St. George, the original patron of 
the undivided church. 

The Light of Our Lady. 

The Light of the Holy Rood, called also the Light 
of the High Cross. 

The Dead Light, called also the Light of Devotion. ' 
It may be further identified with the Light of' Wex- 
silver ' which is mentioned in the will of Ralph of 
Cogston, executed in 1348.' In some parishes of 
Somerset, a similar light was called the light of All 
Souls. * 

In 1 5 10, there was a Light of St. Leonard in the 
Priory Church of Dunster, presumably in the monastic 
section, whereas those of Our Lady and St. George are 



» Weaver's Wells Wills, pp. 76-80. » D.C.B. no. it. 

* Somerset Medieval Wills, vol. ii. * Weaver's Wells Wills, p. vii. 

pp. 131. '58. 175, l«o. 193- 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 409 

distinctly stated at the same time to have been in the 
parochial section, as were indeed the other two. ^ 

An image of St. Christopher is mentioned in 141 9, 
but its position is not defined. ' 

The Benedictine monks of Dunster were ejected in 
the early part of 1539, their Prior having signed 
the deed of surrender in company with the Prior, 
the Sub-prior and the other monks of the mother 
house at Bath. No inventory has been preserved of 
the furniture, ornaments and books found in the 
Priory, but it would be possible to trace in detail the 
subsequent history of its more valuable possessions. 
The endowments were in the first instance divided 
into three sections and committed to laymen, to be 
made profitable to the Crown. One section, consist- 
ing entirely of temporalities, comprised the manor of 
Alcombe and various lands in the parishes of Dunster 
and Cutcombe that had been let out to farmers. A 
second section, consisting entirely of spiritualities, was 
limited to the rectory of Carhampton. The remain- 
ing section, consisting partly of temporalities and 
partly of spiritualities, is the only one of which it is 
proposed to treat in this place. It comprised the site 
of the Priory, with its demesnes and the rectories of 
Dunster and Kilton, all of which were committed to 
John Luttrell, a younger brother of Sir Andrew 
Luttrell of Dunster Castle, then lately deceased. ' 

After rendering an account at Michaelmas 1939, 
which was duly examined, John Luttrell obtained 
from the Crown a definite lease of the premises for 

^Somerset Medieval Wills, vol. ii. of S.John attached to Dunster Church " 

p. 142. as stated there (p. 17). At any rate one 

' D.C.B. no. 16. There is a longer of the two quotations ^'iven in support 

list of lights in Hancock's Dunster of the theory refers neither to the 

Church and Priory (p. 39), but several Baptist nor to the Evangelist of that 

of those mentioned there were actually name, but to the lord of the neigh- 

at Carhampton. It is also very doubl- bouring manor of Luccombe. 
ful whether there was ever " a chantry ' Dugdale's Monasticoii,\o\. iv. p. 202. 



41 o A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

twenty-one years, at a rent exactly corresponding with 
the nett revenue shown in that account, the whole 
amounting to i 3/. i 5^. ']d. Out of this amount 3/. 
were payable in respect of the rectory of Kilton, con- 
cerning which nothing further need be said here. 
The other two sub-sections may be considered separ- 
ately. 

Under the terms of the lease dated 28 October 
1539, John Luttrell was to pay 3/. 13^. \d. yearly 
for " the site of the late house, or priory, or cell, of 
Dunster now dissolved, with all houses, buildings, 
barns, yards, orchards, gardens, land and ground 
within the precinct of the same, " land called Wag- 
londes, a close under ' le Conynger, ' a close above 
the highway, a close at the head of the same, and 
lands called Le Dene, Hyllyberes, Lower Hillebouer, 
Alger, Gillechappell, Clerkelome, Foxgrove, Lynche, 
les Hams, Awcombe Meade, and Birchehame, all 
situate in Dunster and recently in the occupation of 
the Prior. The Crown reserved all large trees grow- 
ing on the property thus demised, but undertook to 
provide timber sufficient for necessary repairs. ^ It may 
fairly be presumed that the lessee saw his way to get- 
ting somewhat more out of the land than it was 
yielding when he first entered upon it. Furthermore, 
he got the empty buildings of the Priory, on the 
north side of the church, as a residence for himself 
and his family. 

Although the confiscated monastic property yielded 
a considerable revenue, the Crown was generally 
willing to sell outright, a lump sum of money in 
hand being preferred to a rent, however regular. 
Thus, when a very small part of John Luttrell's term 
had expired, the King, in March 1543, arranged to 

' Augmentation Office, Miscellaneous Books, 212, ff 2d.^ 3. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 411 

sell the rent and also the reversion of the Priory and 
demesnes of Dunster. The purchaser was Humphrey 
Colles, gentleman, who undertook to pay close upon 
a thousand pounds, a very large sum at that time, for 
these and other former monastic possessions in the 
west of England. The property at Dunster conveyed 
to him was that specified in the lease of 1539, the 
only reservation to the Crown being a rent of 7J. 4^., 
which was exactly a tenth of the rent payable by 
John Luttrell. ^ 

An examination of the proceedings of Humphrey 
Colles, after the issue of letters patent in his favour, 
makes it perfectly clear that in most cases he was 
merely an agent for persons who thought that they 
could purchase monastic property on better terms 
through him than in their own names. Each of the 
principals got his or her pre-arranged share. Within 
a few days of the date of the grant to Colles, he 
obtained licence to transfer his rights at Dunster to 
Dame Margaret Luttrell, the relict of Sir Andrew 
and the mother of the actual lord of Dunster. ^ 

Thenceforward John Luttrell rendered no account 
to the Court of Augmentations of the rent payable 
by him for the site and the demesnes of the Priory, 
debiting himself only with 'js. 4^. a year described 
as ' tithe, ' payable to the Crown and of course deduct- 
ed by him from the rent which he paid to his sister- 
in-law. ^ 

Lady Luttrell presumably obtained actual possession 
of the Priory in 1560. Under a settlement effected 
by her, and under her will, it passed at her death to 
her grandson George Luttrell, and it has ever since 

• Patent Roll, 34 Hen. VIII. part 11, was party to a fine for the settlement 
m. 19. of Lady Luttrell's dower in 1542. 

* Ibid, part 2, m. 19; D.C.M. xvi. 10. ' Ministers' Accounts, Hen. VIII. 
Colles may have been a solicitor. He nos. 3 148-3 150. 



412 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

been regarded as an integral part of the Luttrell 
estate. ^ After the determination of John Luttrell's 
lease, the duty of collecting the rent of 7^. 4^. was 
transferred to the Sheriff. 

Reverting now to the year 1539, it is necessary to 
trace briefly the subsequent history of the rectory of 
Dunster as distinguished from the Priory and its 
lands. The lease of that year assigned to John 
Luttrell for twenty-one years the tithes of sheaves, 
wool and lambs, and all other small tithes of Avill, 
Ellicombe, Alcombe, Staunton and Medyet, of the 
demesne lands of Minehead, Lophall (sic), Skyllacre, 
and Dunster fields, and of the mill of Dunster, the 
Lordesfeld, and Exford. The rent for these was fixed 
at 7/. 2s. 3^., being the nett amount which they had 
yielded in the previous year, when John Luttrell was 
merely agent for the Crown. The lessee was, more- 
over, made responsible for the payment of a salary 
of 8/. to the Vicar of Dunster, and i os. 9^. yearly to 
the Archdeacon of Taunton for procurations and 
synodals. ^ The Crown remained liable for all other 
expenses incident to an impropriate rectory. 

Early in the reign of Edward the Sixth, a certain 
Nicholas Gravener made overtures for the purchase 
of the reversion of the rectory of Dunster, but the 
negotiation came to nothing, and, after surrender of 
the subsisting lease and payment of a fine, John Luttrell 
obtained a fresh lease for twenty-one years, to run 
from 1552. ^ He died six years later, and it would 
appear that his relict Elizabeth eventually parted with 
her interest in the unexpired term of the lease. 

In 1560, the rectory and the tithes, or rather the 

> D.C.M. XVI. II, 17 ; Patent Roll, Books, 212. ff. 2d., 3. 

16 Eliz. part 12 ; Brown's Som«rst;/s/»re ' Augmentation Office, Particulars 

Wills, vol. vi. p. 15. for Grants, file 1645 ; Miscellaneous 

' Augmentation Office, Miscellaneous Books, 224, f. 144</. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 413 

reversions of them, were sold by the Crown to John 
Fytz, esquire, and George Fytz his brother. ' The 
purchasers were lawyers of the Inner Temple, and 
there is no reason to suppose that they had any idea 
of retaining the tithes of the parish in the extreme 
west of Somerset. Like Humphrey Colles, they were 
probably intermediaries. Within a few months of 
the grant to them, George Sydenham and Elizabeth 
his wife conveyed to Hugh Stewkley, gentleman, 
various houses, barns, orchards, lands and rents in 
Dunster, Carhampton, Minehead and Exford, common 
of pasture in Dunster, and also the rectory of Dunster, 
with tithes of sheaves, hay, wool, and lambs and all 
other small tithes. By the fine levied for this pur- 
pose, they warranted the premises against themselves 
and their heirs, and against John and George Fytz 
and their heirs. * 

Hugh Stewkley must have purchased the remainder 
of John Luttrell's lease in or before 1566, for in 
October of that year, fourteen of the inhabitants of 
Dunster, on behalf of the town and borough, issued 
a public manifesto against him : — 

"We of the foresaid towne and borough of Dunster have 
in cure churche ben verie well and orderlie served with 
suche devine service as ought to be, untill that here of late 
one Master Hewgh Stuclie, gentilman, pourchased of oure 
sovereyne ladie the Quine the personage of the same, being 
not so lytill worthe as one hunderethe marks by the yeare, 
to the whiche all tythes and other duties of the churche are 
solie paied, and nothing reserved or allowed for the fynd- 
inge of a curat to serve the cure but onlie eight poundes 
being paied out of the saide personage, which pention is not 
sufficient for the mayntenennce of a curat, so that by the 
same means the cure of Dunster aforesaide, being the hed 
churche of the Denerie and having heretofore thre curates 

' Patent Roll, 2 Eliz. part 5, m. 41. Eliz. 

* Feet of Fines, Somerset, Trinity, 3 



414 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

continuallie therein serving, is now altogether unserved, to 
the infringlnge of the Quine's majestie's prosedinge and 
great disquiet of us her lovinge subjects. " ^ 

The three curates mentioned above must have 
been the Vicar and the chaplains of the chantries of 
St. Lawrence and the Holy Trinity, these chaplains 
being the spiritual pastors of their respective guilds. 
In 1509, John Gryme of Frackford in Dunster 
describes a certain Sir John Holcomb, who was not 
Vicar of the parish, as his confessor and " curate " 
there. ^ 

Since the suppression of the chantries in the reign of 
Edward the Sixth, there had never been more than 
one resident priest, and it seems doubtful whether 
any one had received a definite appointment there 
since the death of John Ryce, the Vicar, in 1561. 
The Prior and Convent of Bath had in previous cent- 
uries presented successive Vicars designate of Dunster 
to the Bishop for institution as to a benefice. After 
the suppression of the monasteries, however, it was 
held that such procedure was unnecessary in this 
case. No part of the tithes had been assigned to the 
Vicar ; there was no house for him, and hardly any 
endowment. Under these circumstances, the Vicar- 
age was suppressed, the lay impropriator being obliged 
to provide a stipendiary curate, not requiring institu- 
tion and removeable at his pleasure. 

Hugh Stewkley's answer to the remonstrance ot 
1566 has not been preserved, but he may well have 
disputed the assertion that the rectory was worth over 
a hundred marks a year. It had been valued at 17/. 
5 J. 8^. gross in 1535, when the Vicar's salary absorb- 
ed 4/. I3J-. 4^. and at 7/. 2s. 3^. nett in 1539 when 

• D.C.M. XIV. 14. p. 139. 

* Somerset Medieval Wills, vol. ii. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 415 

the Vicar's salary had been raised to 8/. because he 
no longer received free food at the Priory. ^ 

Hugh Stewkley was never backward in asserting 
his rights as lay rector. His son-in-law, George 
Luttrell, had not long come of age when he presented 
him with a list of the dues that he claimed from 
him : — 

(i) Agistment of Dunster Park for all cattle feeding 
there, and the shoulder of every deer killed, on the 
ground that the South Lawn had been under cultivat- 
ion at the end of the reign of Henry the Eighth. 

(2) Agistment of the Park at the rate of a penny in 
the shilling on its value. 

(3) Tithe of the bailiff of Dunster, the keeper of the 
park, and all servants, at the rate of a penny in the 
shilling on half of their wages. 

(4) Agistment of Dunster mills at the rate of a 
penny in the shilling on the rental. 

(5) Agistment of the Waterlete and Caremore (near 
the sea). A fee of 53^. 4^. for the stewardship of 
the lands late of Sir John Luttrell, out of the manor 
of Dunster. 

(6) Tithe of conies in the warren, and of the 
demesne lands of the manor of Minehead between the 
Whitehouse and Minehead Lane, near the sea. 

He also took the opportunity of asserting that three 
houses in the churchyard belonged to him as parson. ' 

It does not appear how many of these claims were 
eventually admitted. In actual practice, some of the 
tithes due to the impropriator from the Luttrell 
demesnes were set off against burgage rents due from 
him as a freeholder to the lord of the manor. In 
1728 "the modus due to Sir Hugh Stewkley's heirs 
for Dunster Hanger " amounted to i 5^. 

• Valor EcclesiasticHS, vol. i. p. 220. ' D.C.M. xiv. 6. 



4i6 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

A return of the year 1634 "concerning the custome 
of our parish," subscribed by the Curate, the Church- 
wardens and the sidesmen, shows the scales on which 
dues were levied for the lay rector : — 

" For offerings, id.^ both men and women. 

For servants, id. apiece. 

For corne, we tythe by the tenth stitch and for odde 
stitches one sheaf of a stitch. 

For the tythe hay, we tythe by the pook or cock, the 
tenth pook at the first taking up. 

For kine, 2d. 

For a summer cow, 2d. 

For a winter cow, id. 

For a heifer, id. 

For calves sold to the butcher, la. of is. 

For store calves, ^d. 

For a garden, id. 

For wooll, the tenth in kind. 

For lambs, the tenth, and for odde lambs ^d. apiece for 
the fall. 

For apples, the tenth. 

For piggs, the tenth at three weeks or before. 

For weddings lod. 

For churchings 4^. 

For hopps, the tenth. 

For honey, the tenth. " 

While Stewkley was receiving these spiritualities 
as lay rector, the poor curate in charge of the parish 
fared badly : — 

" We have had no vicaridge, neither hath there been any 
this many years. 

" There is a little garden containing one yeard of ground 
or near thereabout. Sir George Speke's land lyeth on the 
west end, and the widow Foxe's land lyeth on the east ende, 
and the churchyeard on the north side, and the highway on 
the south side adjoyning. 

"There is one meadow containing three yards of ground 
or near thereabout lying near the Castle on the east side 
and a river of water on the other side. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 

PEDIGREE OF STEWKLEY. ' 
Richard Stewkley, d. 1462.11= Joan. dau. of Thomas Burland. 

George Stewkley, d. 1508. = Joan dau. of Sir James Luttrell. 



4'7 



I 

Peter Stewkley == Agnes. 



mi 

Christian=Hugh Stewkley,^. 1588. = Elizabeth dau. of Richard Thomas 

Chamberlayne, d. 1598. Silvester 

Richard 
Robert. 



r^ 



William. 



I —\ — \ rrm 

Sir Thomas Stewkley == Elizabeth dau. George = Elizabeth dau. Joan=i58o, 



b. 1569, d. 1639. 



&f heir of John 
Goodwin d. 1649. 



of Sir Hum- George Luttrell. 
phrey Drewell. — 

Susan = Sir 
Henry Drury. 



Sir Hugh Stewkley = Sarah, dau. ©"heir of 



bart. d. 1642. 



Ambrose Dauntsey. 



Thomas — 

John Anne, b. 1570, 

William,^. 1606. '^- if^S- 



bart. d. 1710. 



Margaret, b. 
Catherine dau.=:Sir Hugh Stewkley=Mary,dau. of El'izabeth »574, ^ 1606. 

John Young, d. 1667. 

Ursula, *. 1575, 

m, Henry St. 
John. 

n 



Sf heir of Sir 
John Trott, 
bart. d. 1679. 



1679 I 1719 I 

Sir Charles Shuck-=|=Catherine, Edward, Lord=Mary, 

burgh, b. 1659, d. I d. 1725. Stawell,^.i755. d. 1740 
1705. -+<• 



.Townsend=Sarah, 

d. 1760. 

Honora, 

I I i,fi« '^- '754- 

I 1750 I 1768 

Stewkley Hon. Henry Bilson=Mary,Baroness= Wills, Earl of Hillsborough, 

Stawell,^. Legge, ^. 1764. I Stawell, 6.1726, ^.1793. 

1731. j d. 1780. 



Henry Stawell Bilson.Lord Stawell,=:MJlry, dau. of Asheton, Viscount 
b. 1757, d'. 1820. j Curzon, t/. 1804. 



1803 



Henry b. 1785. 



John, Lord Sherborne d. i 862.=Mary, b. 1780, d. 1864. 



' D.C.M. XII. 4 ; XIII. 7, ID ; Inq. Somerset & Dorset \otes & Queries, 

post mortem, C. Ii. 220, no. 74 ; Visit- vol. iv, p. 257 ; Exchequer Depositions 

atiotis of Somerset, p. 80 ; Berry's by Commission, 10 Will, in ; Collins's 

Hampshire Genealogies, p. :;iio;Bio\\n's Peerage; Epitaphs at Hinton Ampner. 
S omersetsliirc Wills, vol. i, pp. 79-81 ; 



4i8 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

" The Minister hath eight pounds per annum, beside the 
aforesaid meadow and garden, and not anything else. " * 

From the Curate's point of view, the only redeem- 
ing feature of the case was that, as Dunster was not 
accounted an ecclesiastical benefice, he was free to 
hold another church without dispensation. In course 
of time, various small additions were made to the 
emoluments of the Curate. Thus, in the middle of 
the eighteenth century. Queen Anne's Bounty pro- 
vided 400/., Mrs. Pyncombe's Charity 100/., and Mrs. 
Sarah Townsend, daughter of Sir Hugh Stewkley, 
100/., towards a permanent endowment. Thence- 
forward the Curate ceased to be removeable at pleasure.'' 
There is no record of the exact date at which the 
pittance provided by the lay impropriator was raised 
from 8/. to 20/. In a valuation of Lord Stawell's 
estates in Dunster and Minehead made in 1789, there 
are deductions of 20/. for "the Curate's stipend" and 
1 2J. 6</. for " payments to the Bishop and Arch- 
deacon. " In ordinary parlance, the Curate was often 
styled the Vicar, but he had no official residence. 

The rectory continued in the possession of descend- 
ants of Hugh Stewkley until about 1790, when 
Lord Stawell sold it, with his farm at Marsh and 
various scattered pieces of land, to John Fownes Lut- 
trell of Dunster Castle for the sum of 5,000/. 

A brass in Dunster Church in memory of the Rev. 
George Henry Leigh, who died in 1821, states some- 
what inaccurately that he had been Perpetual Curate 
of the parish " upwards of fifty years. " From 1800 
to 1805, he was also one of the churchwardens. 
During the last four years of his life, he was assisted 
by Thomas Fownes Luttrell, who succeeded him, and 
who altogether served the cure for some fifty-five 

' D.C.B. f. 626. » I Geo. I. St. 2. c. lo 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 419 

years. Unlike his predecessors for nearly three cent- 
uries, Thomas Fownes Luttrell, being presented to 
the Bishop by the trustees of his brother's estate, was 
formally instituted to the living. He resided at the 
Castle until a short time before his death. 

In 1872, arrangements were made for establishing 
the vicarage of Dunster upon a suitable footing. 
Mr. Luttrell, having built a permanent residence for 
the clergyman in a charming situation on the Priory 
Green, handed it over to the Ecclesiastical Commis- 
sioners, who, in consideration of this, increased the 
value of the benefice. Mr. Luttrell also transferred 
such of the great tithes as had not merged in fixed 
rents, receiving in exchange some pieces of glebe 
scattered in several parishes. 

Reverting again to the reign of Henry the Eighth, 
it is more interesting to endeavour to trace the 
effect of the ecclesiastical changes upon the fabric 
of the church of Dunster. The first result of the 
expulsion of the Benedictine monks in 1539 was that 
the parishioners recovered their rights in the old 
chancel. This is a fact which has been too often 
overlooked. The late Mr. Freeman was wont to 
refer to Dunster as a typical place where there were 
two churches under one roof, the eastern church 
monastic and the western church parochial. Many 
instances have been cited to show that lay grantees of 
the sites of suppressed monasteries and colleges had 
the right to secularize and even to demolish buil- 
dings which, from the architectural point of view, 
formed integral parts of parochial churches. Even 
in recent years, the chancel of the church at Arundel 
has been adjudged to be the private property of the 
Duke of Norfolk. In view, however, of documentary 
evidence that was not known to Mr. Freeman, some 



420 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

caution must be observed in reading what he has 
written upon this subject. ^ 

It is difficult to say what would have happened at 
Dunster if John Luttrell had wished to secularize the 
non-parochial part of the divided church. He might 
have contended with force that the chancel, having 
been adjudged to the monks in 1498, was legally 
one of the conventual buildings, like the tithe-barn 
and the dovecot. On the other hand the parishioners 
had rights in the southern transept, and in the central 
tower which they had built in the previous century. 
They seem also to have had rights in the chapel on the 
eastern side of the southern transept. Furthermore it is 
necessary to observe that even if the whole eastern 
part of the church had belonged to the monks, John 
Luttrell could not have pulled it down, as he was 
never the owner of the Priory. For the first year 
after the Dissolution, he was merely an agent of the 
Crown, and afterwards he was a lessee. 

In point of fact there were good reasons why John 
Luttrell should not claim rights in the chancel at 
Dunster more extensive than those which he had in 
the chancel at Kilton, the rights that is to say of the 
representative of the lay rector. Whatever his theo- 
logical views may have been, he could hardly have 
wished to desecrate wantonly a building in which his 
grandmother and other ancestors lay buried. Fur- 
thermore, the final separation of the monastic church 
from the parochial was comparatively recent. Many 
of the lay-folk living in 1539 could remember the 
time when they were not wholly excluded from the 
chancel, and we may readily credit them with a desire 
to recover their ancient rights : notwithstanding all 

' English Towns ami Districts, pp. Archcvological Society, \o\.\i. ^Tp. 1-1Z- 
348-350 ; Proceedings of the Somerset 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 421 

changes, the original high altar of the undivided 
church had a special sanctity. Private sentiment and 
local opinion might alike be gratified by the opening of 
the gates of the screen under the tower. 

John Leland, the observant antiquary, who visited 
Dunster within seven years of the dissolution of the 
monasteries, has left an instructive statement as to 
the position of ecclesiastical affairs there : — 

" The hole chirch of the late Priory servith now for the 
paroche chirch. Aforetymes the monks had the est part 
closid up to their use. " ' 

Nothing could be clearer or more positive. Le- 
land's personal observations are moreover confirmed 
by the accounts which John Luttrell, as lessee of the 
rectory, rendered year after year to the Court of 
Augmentations. In 1 540, he claimed allowance of 
32J-. 10^. spent by him on the repair of ruinous 
cottages at Alcombe and of the chancel of the church 
of that place, which was in the parish of Dunster. 
In the following year, he claimed allowance of 59^. 
for repairs at Dunster, specifically to the chief man- 
sion of the manor — that is to say to the Priory in 
which he lived — and to the window of the chancel 
of the church, obviously the great Perpendicular 
window over the high altar. 

After the sale by the Crown ot John Luttrell's rent 
of 3/. 1 3^. 4^/. for the site of the Priory, with the 
reversion of the premises on the expiration of his 
lease, there are of course no further charges for the 
repair of them in the accounts which he rendered 
to the Court: from 1543 onwards the purchaser, 
Lady Luttrell, was responsible for all necessary ex- 
penses incurred by him as her tenant. In 1546, 



» Itinerary (1907), p. 166. 



422 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

however, he claimed allowance of 3J-. c^d. from the 
Crown for repairs to the chancel of the church of 
Dunster, " very ruinous, " and similar claims of 
varying amounts were allowed by the auditors in 
each of the three following years. Clearly therefore 
the chancel was regarded as an integral part of the 
church rather than as part of the monastic buildings. 

In order to realize the position at this period, it is 
necessary to remember that, although the monks had 
been expelled, and the papal supremacy renounced, 
the services of the church were conducted very much 
as before. The various altars were still in use. 
Under the award of 1498, the parishioners of Dunster 
were still responsible for the maintenance and repair 
of the whole of the church on the western side of the 
tower. The King, however, had become the lay 
rector, and, as such, responsible for the maintenance 
and repair of the architectural chancel. Year after 
year, his representative, John Luttrell, provided the 
bread, wine, and wax necessary for the celebration of 
masses in the churches of Dunster and Kilton, the 
usual charge being 6j. %d. for the former church and 
IS. for the latter. 

In consequence of the ecclesiastical changes under 
Edward the Sixth, no wax was provided after 1550, 
and in that year the allowance for bread and wine 
was reduced to \s. %d. at Dunster and at Kilton alike. 
When, in 1548, a large Bible and a copy of the 
Paraphrases of Erasmus were bought for the church, 
one half of the cost was borne by the parishioners 
and the other half by the King as rector or patron, 
in accordance with the royal injunctions. ' 

There is no record of the exact date in the middle 
of the sixteenth century at which side altars, cruci- 

• Ministers' Accounts. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 423 

fixes, images and the like were removed from the 
church of Dunster. One very ancient altar-slab was 
suffered to remain in its original position in the little 
sacristy on the northern side of the chancel, where it 
is still to be seen. After the expulsion of the monks 
in 1539, the Vicar is hardly likely to have used it 
for the celebration of mass. Hence perhaps its 
immunity from the fate of other altars in constant 
use, such as those of Our Lady, St. Lawrence, the 
Holy Rood, and the Holy Trinity. 

After the suppression of chantries by the act passed 
in the first year of Edward the Sixth and the general 
demolition of side altars, the two chapels on the 
eastern side of the transept at Dunster must have 
been useless for the services prescribed by the new 
Book of Common Prayer. Both of them, however, 
having been virtually rebuilt since the introduction 
of the Perpendicular style of architecture, were pre- 
sumably in good condition. A resolution seems there- 
fore to have been taken, in or after the middle of the 
sixteenth century, to connect them with the intervening 
chancel by piercing apertures in the northern and 
southern walls of the latter, or by greatly enlarging 
such apertures as then existed. The erection of a 
pillar carrying two arches on either side of the chancel 
caused the lateral chapels to become aisles to it, useful 
at times when divine service was conducted at the 
communion table occupying the site of the high altar. 
All the details of these pillars and arches are of a very 
debased character, indicating the late period at which 
they were built. 

A return of the second year ot Edward the Sixth 
gives the approximate number of " partakers of the 
Lord's Holy Sooper " in Dunster as five hundred. ' 

> Somerset Chantries. (S.R.S.) p. 43. 



424 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

To the desire of the laity for practical convenience 
unattended by unnecessary expense is probably due 
the extraordinary opening between the south-eastern 
chapel and the transept. Here there is a moulded 
arch of the thirteenth century, supported by jambs 
of the fifteenth century, which bend outwards im- 
mediately below the capitals, a standing puzzle to archi- 
tects and antiquaries. The solution now offered is 
that, after the suppression of the chantries, an ingenious 
and economical builder united the ancient arch with 
the later jambs by inserting one stone on either side 
so shaped as to give a wider opening below than the 
former would have had. The communion table thus 
became visible from the southern transept. 

The oaken screen which now stands under the 
shouldered arch mentioned above was placed there 
about thirty years ago, at the time of the restoration 
of the church. Before that, it stood under the 
eastern arch of the tower, giving access to the chancel. 
There is reason to believe that it was made about 
1420, and that it originally stood almost under the 
rood between the two western piers of the tower. ^ 

By a will dated 23 May 1558, John Luttrell, the 
lessee of the Rectory and of the Priory of Dunster, 
directed that his body should be buried in the Lady 
Chapel, which had perhaps been refitted in the reign 
of Mary. "^ 

When Hugh Stewkley acquired the rectory of 
Dunster, he became responsible for the repair of the 
chancel, and correspondingly entitled to the chief 
seat therein.' Dame Margaret Luttrell, who obtained 
possession of the Priory in 1560, does not appear to 
have disputed his rights in the church, although she 

' See p. 396 above. p. 211. 

* Somerset Medieval Wills, vol. iii. ^ Phillimote's Ecclesiastical Law. 




ARCH IN THE SOUTH TRANSEPT, 
DUNSTER CHURCH. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 425 

owed him many a grudge. By a will dated in Janu- 
ary 1587, he directed that, if he should die in Somer- 
set, he should be buried in the Priory Church of 
Dunster over against his own seat or pew, or else in 
the church of Carhampton near his parents. ^ The 
register of the parish of Dunster shows that he was 
buried in the church there. If the principal services 
were conducted in the nave, his pew in the chancel 
must have been more dignified than convenient. A 
brass in memory of his relict Elizabeth, who died in 
1598, formerly in the chancel, is now to be seen on 
the floor of the chapel on the eastern side of the south 
transept. Their younger son, George Stewkley of 
Dunster and their daughter Margaret alike left direct- 
ions that they should be buried there near them.' 
Joan their daughter, wife of George Luttrell of Duns- 
ter Castle made a will in April 161 3, by which she 
similarly directed that she should be buried in the 
Priory Church of Dunster, near her parents. ^ She and 
her husband had doubtless been allowed to occupy a 
seat in the chancel. After her death, George Luttrell 
set up a great monument of marble and alabaster 
against the southern wall of the chancel, whence it was 
removed in 1 876 into the south-eastern chapel. Two 
recumbent figures on it represent his own father and 
mother. The inscription on one of the two panels 
beneath, as recently restored, runs thus : — 

" Here lyeth the body of Thomas Luttrell esquire who 
departed this lyfe in sure hope of a most joyful resurrection the 
16 day of Jan^, anno Dom. 1570, anno 13 of Elizabeth late 
Queene of England, being then High Sheriff of the countie 
of Somerset &' one of^the youngest sones of Andrew 
Luttrell, knight : the sayd Thomas being lawfully married 
unto Margery Hadley daughter and sole heire of Christopher 

' Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. i. ^ Ibid. p. 80. 

p 7g '^ Ibid. vol. vi. p. 16. 



426 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

Hadley of Wythycomb esquire, by whom he had issue 
3 sones and 3 daughters, George, John, Andrew . . . 
3 daughters, vidz. Ursula, Margaret and Mary, the which 
Andrew, Ursula and Margaret dyed without any issue of 
theire bodyes. " 

It is necessary to observe that the words printed 
in italics above are purely conjectural, and that the 
actual situation of Thomas Luttrell's grave is quite 
unknown. The monument bears also the effigies of 
George Luttrell and his wife, the former kneeling 
westward, the latter lying dead by his side. Curiously 
enough, the heraldic achievements above do not cor- 
respond with the figures, for while one shield shows 
the arms of Luttrell and Hadley, that which should 
show the arms of Luttrell and Stewkley shows instead 
the arms of Luttrell and Popham. 

On one of the outer stones above the western 
window of the south aisle there is an inscription : — 

"god save the king. 1624. JULY XX. " ^ 

This may perhaps be the date of the completion 
of some important repairs to the aisle. The masonry 
of some of the buttresses appears to be post-reforma- 
tional, and an ancient sepulchral slab may be seen in 
the parapet. The windows seem to have been re-set 
in the seventeenth century, and there are some grounds 
for believing that the whole of the southern wall was 
then rebuilt with old materials. A narrowing of the 
aisle by two or three feet would account for the absence 
of wall-plates and for various irregularities in con- 
struction. 

The almsbox, bearing the date ' 1634' and the 
initials of the two churchwardens of part of that year, 

' Savage misread the inscription and Hundred of Carhampton, p. 413. Mr. 
somehow took the later part of it to Hancock has followed him. Dttiister 
indicate the year 1520. History of the Church and Priory, p. 6. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 427 

has a brass cover roughly engraved with two appro- 
priate verses : — 

" He that hath pity on the poore lendeth unto the Lord 
and that which he hath given will He pay him againe. 
Prov. XIX. Whoso stoppeth his ears at the cry of the 
poore he also shall cry himself but shall not be heard, 
Prov. XXI. " 

The will of Thomas Luttrell of Dunster Castle 
dated the 25th of October 1643, contains the follow- 
ing direction : — " My boddie I will to be buried 
decently in the parish church of Dunstarr, in my isle 
which is there." ^ The position of the aisle thus 
mentioned was so well known at the time as to need 
no further description. All that can now be said is 
that if this aisle was the old chancel, the Stewkleys 
must, tacitly or otherwise, have ceded their rights to 
the Luttrells before 1643. On the other hand, the 
place in question may have been one of the aisles of 
the chancel, and so quite independent of the lay 
rector. In any case Thomas Luttrell's aisle was " in 
the parish church, " and not on his private property. 

It is unfortunately impossible to specify the date 
at which the chancel ceased to be used for the ordin- 
ary services of the church. In the reign of Elizabeth, 
the Stewkleys, as lay rectors, could presumably have 
been compelled to maintain it in decent order. The 
church, however, as a whole was singularly unsuitable 
to the services sanctioned by the Book of Common 
Prayer. Owing to the great diameter of the four 
piers that support the central tower, and to the length 
of the chancel, a priest ministering at the eastern end 
of the building could hardly be seen or heard by 
persons in the nave, and conversely a preacher dis- 
coursing from a pulpit in the nave could hardly be 

' P.C.C. Twisse, f. 169. 



428 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

seen or heard by persons in the chancel, in either of 
the eastern chapels, or in the transepts. This seems 
to have been the real cause of the eventual division 
of the church into tv^^o parts, the somewhat similar 
division of 1498 having lasted only some forty years. 

A guess may be hazarded that, during the period 
of Puritan ascendancy, in the middle of the seven- 
teenth century, the communion table v^as removed 
from the chancel and placed lengthv^ays east and west 
under the western arch of the tower, near the site of 
the parochial altar sanctioned by the arbitrators of 
1498. However this may be, there is no indication 
that any religious services, except the office for the 
burial of the dead, were performed in the eastern 
limb of the church between the middle of the seven- 
teenth century and the later part of the nineteenth. 
A payment of i/. los. made by the churchwardens, 
in 1 676, " for timber for the rayles about the Com- 
munion Table" suggests a recent change at the eastern 
end of the nave. In 1729, they paid no less than 
40/. to Richard Phelps of Porlock, an indifferent 
painter, " for doing up the altar-piece. " 

An ugly gallery of the usual type was set up at the 
western end of the nave in 17 17, thus diminishing 
the scanty light in that part of the church. Eight 
bells were bought or re-cast between 1668 and 1782. 
Chimes were provided in 17 11 to play the 113th 
Psalm every fourth hour through the day and night, 
at one, five, and nine. A very handsome brass chan- 
delier of eighteen lights was suspended in the nave, 
in 1740, at a cost of 22/. 15^. The churchwardens' 
accounts contain several entries about this ' candle- 
stick ' or ' branch. ' 

After the removal of the communion table from 
the chancel into the nave, the great majority of the 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 429 

parishioners ceased to take any interest in the eastern 
part of the church. So long as the wind did not 
blow upon them through its broken windows, they 
did not insist upon its being maintained as an integral 
part of the fabric. The Stewkleys had moreover 
ceased to occupy the principal seat in the chancel 
after their migration from Somerset to Hampshire. 
To them and to their successors in title, the rectory 
had become simply a source of income, and they left 
the care of the chancel to others. In course of time, 
this part of the fabric came to be called " the old 
church " and to be regarded merely as the mausoleum 
of the Luttrell family. Many causes contributed to 
this result. The successive owners of Dunster Castle 
in the seventeenth century were nearly related in 
blood to the Stewkleys ; several of their ancestors lay 
buried in the chancel ; they were altogether predom- 
inant in the little town of Dunster ; and the ground 
on three sides of the eastern part of the church 
belonged to them as owners of the former Priory. 
It is not likely that any Stewkley formally alienated 
his rectorial rights in the chancel, or that any Luttrell 
formally undertook to keep it in repair. On the 
other hand there are fair grounds for believing that 
the Luttrells had practically obtained exclusive rights 
there before the end of the seventeenth century. In 
1 79 1, there were in their private vault in the chancel 
nineteen coffins, which, according to the register of 
burials, would represent as nearly as possible a cent- 
ury. ^ So again, the series of funereal hatchments, 
formerly affixed to the walls, begins with that of 
Colonel Francis Luttrell, who died in 1690. 

In 1699, the churchwardens of Dunster paid is. 
td. " for tiles taken out of the old church. " In 

» Collinson's History of Somerset, vol. ii. p, i8. 



430 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

171 3, they paid is. 4^. to Sir Hugh Stewkley's agent 
" for paving stones for the church, " perhaps removed 
from the same part of the building. The two fol- 
lowing payments are recorded in accounts rendered 
to Alexander Luttrell of Dunster Castle in 1 7 1 8 : — 

" For new leding 20 feet of glass in the old church, 3*3'. 
per foot, 6s. 6d. 

For 5 dozen of new quarrys in the old church, lod. per 
dozen, \s. id.''' 

For some years after the death of this Alexander 
Luttrell in 1737, a certain Robert Coffin was in re- 
ceipt of a yearly salary of 51. : — 

" For cleaning the seats and monuments in the old church 
at Dunster belonging to the family of the Luttrells and 
which had always been allowed by the family. " 

A mention of their ' pews ' there at the same period 
is not without interest, as suggesting that the eastern 
part of the building was still used. Collinson, how- 
ever, writing in or shortly before 1791, describes it 
as "stript of all its furniture and totally neglected." ^ 
Its condition was if possible worse in 1830. ^ 

In 1838, J. C. Buckler, the well-known architect 
was called in to examine the fabric of Dunster 
Church, and he drew up an elaborate report upon its 
condition. With regard to the eastern part, or ' old 
church, ' he stated that the walls were " shattered and 
infirm in places, " that the roof was very defective 
and covered with " a thick coat of moss, " that the 
mullions and tracery of the windows were "dilapidated 
and ruinous, " and that the floor, " stripped of its 
pavement, " was " strewn with relics of canopied 
monuments and various kinds of rubbish. " In rainy 
weather, water lay in a pool in the northern transept. 

' History of Somciset, vol. ii. p. i8. o/Cnrhaiiipton, pp. 400, 401. 

* Savage's History of the Humlred 





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CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 431 

Proceeding westward, he found that " the recessed 
arch at the back of the altar " was a " receptacle of 
rubbish. " The windows in the northern aisle were 
decayed. The piers in the nave although structurally 
safe, were far from upright. The gallery at the west 
end blocked out the light and gave to that part of the 
church " the gloominess of a crypt. " All the doors 
admitted " intolerable draughts. " The pavement, 
composed of fragments of stone, brick and tiles, was 
" in the worst possible condition, " dangerous by 
reason of its unevenness. Many ancient oaken seats 
" elaborately and finely ornamented " were concealed 
by later wood work, " the most promiscuous, unseemly 
and uncomfortable assemblage of pews that can be 
met with. " 

Buckler's vigorous language was not without effect, 
and many of his recommendations were followed. 
Although his proposal to place the communion-table 
under the eastern arch of the tower was rejected, it 
seems to have been set back a little. A large screen 
with glass panels was put up immediately behind it, 
and similar screens were put up to separate the aisles 
from the transept, which thus became a mere vesti- 
bule. A useless arch was at the same time built to 
connect the two Norman jambs attached to the 
western piers of the tower. The external turret 
which formerly gave access to the loft over the main 
screen was converted into a small vestry. In the ' old 
church ' nothing was done beyond the most necessary 
repairs. 

In 1875, a complete restoration of the church was 
undertaken, at a cost of about 1 2,000/., of which 
nearly 10,000/. were contributed by Mr. Luttrell. 
The Norman door at the west end was re-opened, the 
gallery was removed, and new oaken seats, carved by 



432 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xii. 

Hems of Exeter, were provided for nave and aisles 
alike. By the advice of Mr. G. E. Street, a raised 
platform, separated from the transept by open screens, 
was constructed under the tower, and the communion 
table was placed upon it, in the situation previously 
recommended by Buckler. The ancient screen that 
had stood there, giving access to the chancel, was 
placed under the curious shouldered arch in the 
southern transept. 

In the ' old church, ' Mr. Street's alterations were 
numerous and important. Fragments of Early English 
mouldings found in the walls afforded him a certain 
clue for the reconstruction of three lancet windows 
in the eastern wall and of the corresponding piscina 
and sedilia in the southern wall. The old sacristy on 
the northern side was practically rebuilt, and all 
the encaustic tiles found in the building were put 
together in it. The Jacobean monument set up by 
the first George Luttrell, the earlier incised slab of 
Dame Elizabeth Luttrell, and the brass of Elizabeth 
Stewkley were alike removed into the south-eastern 
chapel. The only monuments now remaining in the 
chancel are that attributed above to Dame Christian 
de Mohun and the mutilated effigies of the first Sir 
Hugh Luttrell and his wife lying upon an Easter 
Sepulchre of later date. Stalls, like those of a private 
chapel, were set up in the chancel, and open screens 
were made to divide it from the lateral chapels, that 
on the north being converted into a vestry. A medi- 
eval altar-slab, which had lain over the grave of the 
Poyntz family, was re-erected upon short columns on 
the site of the high altar below the east window. 
The chancel and its lateral chapels were alike repaved 
with encaustic tiles copied from the old ones, with the 
addition of some bearing the arms of Luttrell. 



CH. XII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 433 

Since 1876, many of the windows of the church 
have been filled with stained glass, scriptural, heraldic, 
or decorative. Part of the garden of the Priory, on 
three sides of the * old church ', has been added to the 
graveyard, with some reservations, and a lych-gate has 
been erected over the entrance from St. George's 
Street. Some of the buildings of the Priory now go 
with the Vicarage, some with the Castle. One of 
the rooms near the western end of the church has a 
mullioned window and a fine stone fireplace, dating 
apparently from the early part of the fifteenth century. 
Beyond the great barn stands the monastic pigeon- 
house, a circular building with a series of internal 
niches, and a central ladder revolving on a pivot. In 
the garden of the Vicarage there is an oak tree of yet 
greater antiquity. 




OLD GLASS QUARRY 
IN DUNSTER CHURCH. 



CHAPTER XIII. 

The Manor of Avill. 



Avill is a hamlet in the south-western part of the 
parish of Dunster. For many centuries it was a sepa- 
rate manor and tithing, extending into the parishes 
of Carhampton and Timberscombe, and its history is 
quite distinct from that of the manor of Dunster. 

In the reign of Edward the Confessor, Avill (Auene) 
belonged to JElhic (Aluric) who also owned Dunster 
(Torre), Bratton and Broadwood. Like those places, 
it was, at the Norman Conquest, bestowed upon 
William de Mohun, who, however, did not long 
retain it in demesne. In 1086, his military tenant 
there was a certain Ralph, the other householders 
being a villein and five bordars. The estate comprised 
two ploughlands, four acres of meadow, two acres of 
wood, fifty acres of pasture, and a mill which yielded 
20^. The whole was assessed at half a hide and 
valued at i os. ^ 

It seems probable that Ralph's descendants took a 
surname from the place of their abode. Henry of 
Avill (Aule) was a witness of several charters of 
William de Mohun the Fourth, between 1177 and 
1 194.' In 1 20 1, Agnes of Avill was entered as 
holding a knight's fee of the Honour of Dunster, but 

• Domesday Book. 7, 73, 234, 393, 394. 

' Bntton Carliilary, (S.K.S.), nos. 6, 



CH. XIII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 435 

in the following year, the holding of William of 
Avill was entered as half a fee, the amount at which 
it remained fixed in subsequent centuries/ In 1233, 
there was a dispute between Hugh of Avill and his 
overlord, Reynold de Mohun of Dunster, as to the 
boundaries of their respective properties, and the 
Sheriff was ordered by the King to make a peram- 
bulation of them. * 

The next member of the family mentioned was 
Richard Avele, or Havel, who was returned as holding 
half a fee under the lord of Dunster in 1279, 1285, 
and 1303.^ He was succeeded by his son Geoffrey, 
who held the half fee in 13 16, 1330, and 1346.* 
In 1 3 1 4, Geoffrey son of Richard of Avill (Auele) 
quit-claimed to Simon de la Torre and Lucy his wife, 
late the wife of William Astyng of la Bergshe, for 
their lives, all his right in the tenement and land of 
la Bergshe, and granted to them common of pasture 
on his hill on the south side of Avill and reasonable 
estovers there. In consideration of this, they paid a 
fine of 4 marks and undertook to pay a yearly rent of 
6s., to do suit twice a year at his court at Avill, and 
to render certain services elaborately set out, such as 
assisting their neighbours in repairing the "millegrip" 
of Avill and the " watercloses, " ploughing, harrowing, 
reaping, mowing, carrying hay and the like. A 
further rent of bread, capons and eggs was also exact- 
ed. ^ It is remarkable that the lord of the manor is 
not mentioned among the six persons assessed at Avill 
to the subsidy of 1327. Simon de la Torre appears 
in the list under the name of Simon atte Burghe. 

' Pipe Rolls. vol. iv, p. 302. 

* Calendar of Close Rolls, 1231-1234, * Feudal Aids, vol, iv, pp. 334, 341 ; 
p. 295. Inq. Post Mortem, C. Edw. III. file 22, 

* Calendar of Inquisitions fast mor- no. 11. 

tern, vol. ii, pp. 177, 352 ; Feudal Aids, * D.C.B. no. 10. 



436 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xiii. 

Another contributor was Godfrey of Illycombe in 
Dunster, and a third was Ralph atte Foremarsh, who 
must have lived at the place of that name in the 
parish of Carhampton, on the north side of Dunster. ^ 
There is evidence at a later date that part of the 
manor of Avill, or at any rate part of the estate of 
the lord of Avill, was close to the sea-shore, where he 
had a " fysshinge were. " * 

The family of Avill seems to have come to an end 
about the middle of the fourteenth century. Perhaps 
the heiress married a Kempe. In i 371, John Kempe, 
citizen and girdler of London, and Ellen his wife sold 
the manor to William Cheddar of Bristol. Their 
conveyance of it makes an obscure allusion to a 
knight's fee, and states that certain services were due 
by Sir James Audley, who is otherwise known to have 
been lord of the adjoining manor of Staunton. ^ 

About this period, there is the earliest mention of 
a curious and doubtless very ancient obligation upon 
the Prior of Dunster, the lords of Avill and Withy- 
combe, and the owner of Gillcotts (Gildencote) in 
Carhampton, to supply a wagon with two men and 
eight oxen to carry the corn or hay of the lord of 
Dunster for one day apiece. As he had to provide 
food, this ' carriage work ' was valued at only ij". * 

There is no reason to suppose that William Ched- 
dar ever took up his abode at Avill. The little manor 
in fact became a mere source of income to a series of 
very wealthy persons residing at a distance. William 
Cheddar died about Christmas 1382, and was suc- 
ceeded by his brother Robert, who had been Mayor 
of Bristol. ° In 1383, the manor of Avill was, with 

' Lay Subsidies, 169/5. ■* D.C.M. ix, 2, 3 ; xviii, 2, 3 ; xix, 4 ; 

* A.D. 1484. Ministers' Accounts, bun- xx, 38 ; xxii, 13. 
die 968, no. 4. * Proceed itigs of Somerset Archceologi- 

' Feet of Fines, Somerset, 45 Edvv. cat Society, vol. xxxiv, p. 115. 
III. (Green, iii. 82.) 



CH. XIII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 437 

other property, settled upon Robert Cheddar and Joan 
his wife, who was the daughter and heiress of Simon 
Hanham of Gloucestershire. ^ After his death a few 
months later, she married Sir Thomas Brook of 
Weycroft near Axminster, who held the settled estate 
jointly with her until his death in January 141 8. ^ 

The earliest account of a reeve of Avill that has 
been preserved belongs to the year 1396, when the 
main source of revenue consisted of fixed rents 
amounting to close upon 23/. Courts held twice a 
year yielded only a few shillings. No mention is 
made of the demesne, which was evidently let. 
Among the expenses were payments of 2.s. at Dunster 
for respite of suit to the court of the Barony, and \s. 
as a composition for the carriage-work noticed above. ^ 
As late as the middle of the seventeenth century, 
the lord of Dunster used to receive four separate 
payments from Avill, that is to say zs. from the 
tithing as a ' common fine ' to the Hundred Court of 
Carhampton, dd. as a Candlemas rent, 2J-. as a feodary 
rent to the Castle, and u. as a ' high rent' to the 
manor of Carhampton Barton. ^ 

Lady Brook is entered as holding half a fee at Avill 
in 1 428 and in 1431.^ She died in April 1 437 and, 
as her eldest son Richard Cheddar survived her only 
a few weeks, the property passed to her second son, 
Thomas. *" It is difficult to give any satisfactory ex- 
planation of an original indenture in French witnessing 
that Thomas Cheddar did homage to John Luttrell, 
" lord of Dunster, " on the 3rd of March in the ninth 
year of Henry the Fifth, for the manor of Avill held 

' Feet of Fines, Somerset. 6 Ric. II. no. i. 

(Green, iii. p. ii8.) < D.C.M. iii. 12. 

* Ihid. Divers Counties, 11 Ric. II. * Feudal Aids, vol. iv, pp. 390, 430. 
(Green, iii, p. 204) ; D.C.M. IV ; Inq. « Inq. post mortem, 15 Hen. VI. no. 
post mortem, 5 Hen. V. no. 54. 62 ; Proceedings of Somerset ArclKtolog- 

* Ministers' Accounts, bundle 968, ical Society, vol. xliv. p. 17. 



438 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xiii. 

of him by the service of half a knight's fee. ^ Such 
homage would only be due on succession, and John 
Luttrell was lord of Dunster from March 1428 to 
June 1430, whereas the document professes to belong 
to the year 1422. 

Thomas Cheddar died in July 1442, leaving as his 
coheiresses two daughters, Joan, aged eighteen the 
relict of Richard Stafford, and Isabel, aged fourteen, 
the wife of John Newton, son of the Chief Justice of 
the Common Pleas. Avill, however, seems to have 
been assigned in dower to the widow, Isabel, who 
survived until January 1476. It then passed to Eliza- 
beth daughter and heiress of her eldest daughter Joan, 
bv her second husband John Talbot, Viscount Lisle. ^ 
This Elizabeth was the wife of Sir Edward Grey, 
who was created Baron Lisle in 1475, and Viscount 
Lisle in 1483. ^ 

Some accounts of the reeve of Avill in the reign of 
Edward the Fourth show that the rents of the free 
and the customary tenants had remained practically 
unchanged since the close of the previous century. 
In 1476, however, there was an unusual receipt of 
over 43/. " coming from the fines of divers customary 
tenants made with Edward Basyng, the steward, in 
full court held there. " * A conjecture may be offered 
that the tenants paid this money for the enclosure of 
the lord's waste, or some other surrender of his rights. 

After the death of Elizabeth, Viscountess Lisle, in 
September 1487, her husband continued to hold the 
manor of Avill, presumably by the courtesy of Eng- 

' D.C.M. IV. 28. nioitem, 32 Hen. VI. no. 38 ; 7 Edw. 

* Inq. post mortem, 21 Hen. VI.no. IV. no. 42 ; 12 Edw. IV. no. 40 ; 16 

55 ; Escheators" Enrolled Accounts, 37, Edw. IV. no. 67. 

m.34. An engraving of Thomas Ched- ' D.C.M. V. 55; xxxi. 10. 

dar's monumental brass is given in * Ministers' Accounts, bundle 968, 

Proceedings of the Somerset A tchirolo- no. 3. 
gical Society, vol. xliv, p. 44. Inq. post 



CH. XIII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 439 

land, until his own death in July 1492, when it passed 
to their son John, Viscount Lisle, who died in Sep- 
tember 1504. By a post-nuptial settlement, this John 
had given a life interest in Avill to his wife Muriel, 
daughter of Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey. ^ She 
married a second husband. Sir Thomas Knyvett, and 
died about Christmas 1512.^ Her only child Eliza- 
beth, Baroness Lisle, married Henry Courtenay, Earl 
of Devon, but died under age and without issue, in 
the spring of 15 19, when the property passed to her 
aunt. ^ 

Elizabeth Grey, daughter of Edward, Viscount 
Lisle by Elizabeth Talbot his wife, married firstly 
Edmund Dudley, the celebrated minister of Henry 
the Seventh. After his execution in August 15 10, 
she married Arthur Plantagenet, an illegitimate son 
of Edward the Fourth, who was created Viscount 
Lisle in 1523. The steward who held a court at Avill 
in their names in 1521, describes her as ' Viscountess 
Lisley', although she was only Baroness at that time. * 
On her behalf, her husband paid 5oj". to Sir Andrew 
Luttrell of Dunster in 1530, by way of relief on half 
a fee. ^ She died without issue by him, and, in i 5 3 i , 
Sir John Dudley, her son by her first husband, con- 
veyed the manor of Avill and other property inherited 
from the Cheddars to feoffees, presumably with a 
view to sale. ** 

Sir Edward Seymour, afterwards celebrated in hist- 
ory as Duke of Somerset, bought the manor before 
1536, but he did not hold it long. ^ In 1539, when 

' Inq. post mortem, C. II. vol. 8, no. * Court Rolls, General Series, Portf. 

lo ; Early Chancery Proceedings, file 198. no. 17. 

95, nos. 63-65 ; Inq. postmortem, E. II. * D.C.M. v. 9, 11. 

file 497, no. 52. " Feet of Fines, Somerset, 23 Hen. 

* Nicholas's Tcstamenia Vetnsta, p. VIII. 

516. ' Chancer^' Proceedings, Series II. 

* Patent Roll, n Hen. VIII. part 2, file 42, no. 82 ; Star Chamber Procecd- 
m. 6. ings, xvii, no. 366. 



440 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xiii. 

he was Earl of Hertford, he and Anne his wife sold 
the manor and various lands in Avill and Slape to 
John Stocker of Poole, merchant, and Edith his wife. 
The fine levied for this purpose professes to deal with 
thirty messuages, ten cottages, four hundred acres of 
land, forty of meadow, a hundred of pasture, fifty of 
wood and a thousand of furze and heath, but these 
round numbers must not be taken literally. On the 
other hand, a specific mention of 30^. rent suggests 
that very few of the tenants then held estates in per- 
petuity. ^ The purchaser died in September of the 
same year and his relict Edith, daughter of Richard 
Phelips, married John Horsey of Clifton Maubank, 
six months afterwards. ^ When John Stocker the 
second came of age in 1555, Sir John Horsey and 
Edith his wife surrendered the manor to him in con- 
sideration of an annuity, but he died within a few years 
and they re-entered. Elizabeth his relict, daughter 
and coheiress of Sir Christopher Hales, who married 
secondly George Sydenham, had a long suit against 
them in the early years of Elizabeth, on behalf of her 
infant son, John Stocker the third. ^ 

There was also litigation about the same period 
with regard to the manor-house and farm of Avill, 
which the Horseys had demised for three lives at a 
yearly rent of 40/. and half a tun of Gascon wine. * 
In the sixteenth century, there was a chapel of St. Mary 
Magdalene at Avill, close to the boundary of the parish 
of Dunster.^ The number of tenants was about ten. ** 
In 1594, John Stocker the third paid ^os. to George 
Luttrell of Dunster Castle by way of relief on suc- 

' D.C.M. V. 21. * Ibid, file 45, no. 10 ; file 42, no. 82 ; 

* Inq. post mortem, E. H. 929. file4i, no. it. 

no. I. ^ See page 347 above. 

* Chancery Proceedings, Series II. ^ Court of Requests Proceeding.s, 
file 169, nos. 11-13. 127, no. 12. 



CH. XIII. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 441 

cession to the manor of Avill, reckoned as half a 
knight's fee. * He married Margaret daughter and 
coheiress of Anthony Skutt of Stanton Drew. ' In 
1609, John Stocker and Margaret his wife conveyed 
to Robert Roper three messuages, a water grist-mill, 
two fulling-mills, a dovecot, seventy acres of land, 
fifty of meadow, eighty of pasture and fifty of wood, 
and common of pasture in Avill and Dunster, ' The 
gristmill doubtless occupied the site of that mentioned 
in Domesday Book. A new fulling-mill at Avill had 
been let, in 1476, to John Cockes, ' touker ' for three 
lives according to the custom of the manor. * The 
conveyance of 1609 must be regarded as part of a 
mortgage or settlement rather than a sale, for the 
Stockers continued to hold Avill for some time longer. 
Their usual residence was at Chilcompton. 

John Stocker died in 161 2 or 161 3, and was suc- 
ceeded by Anthony his son.^ This Anthony Stocker 
was a free suitor to the Hundred Court of Carhampton 
in 1 614 and 1619.^ He married Margaret daughter 
of Sir Arthur Capel of Hadham, in Hertfordshire, 
and had issue at least four sons and two daughters. ^ 
John Stocker, the eldest, was born in 1 6 1 5. Through 
serving as a Colonel in the King's army he got into 
trouble and had to pay a fine of over 1300/. in 1648. * 
He conveyed the manors of Avill and Hinton Blewett 
to feoffees in the following year, but he was entered 
as a free suitor to the Hundred Court of Carhampton 
as late as 1658.^ His brother and heir William was 
similarly entered in 1661 and 1668. This William 

' D.C.M. V. 43. ® D.C.M. XXXI. 19. 

» Visitation of Somersetshire, 1623, ' Visitation of Somersetshire; Brown's 

p. 105 ; Brown's Somersetshire Wills, Somersetshire Wills, vol. iv, p. 88. 

vol. iv, p. 19. " Calendar of Committee for Com- 

* Feet of P'incs, Somerset, 6 Jac. I. founding, p. 1836. 

* D.C.M. V. 55. ^ Feet of Fines, Somerset, Mich. 
•^ Visitation of Somersetshire, p. 105. 1649 ; D.C.M. 



442 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xiii. 

Stocker, his wife Mary and their eldest son John 
alike died in 1669, when the inheritance passed to 
the second son Anthony.^ In i 699, Anthony Stocker 
and Sarah his wife sold the manor of Avill and land 
in the parishes of Dunster, Carhampton, Crowcombe, 
Stogumber, Timberscombe and St. Decumans, to 
WiUiam Blackford.^ The family, however, continued 
elsewhere in the county. ^ 

William Blackford of Dunster, the purchaser of 
Avill, had but recently bought the manor of Bossing- 
ton and an estate at Holnicote. Dying in 1728, he 
was buried at Selworthy. His son and successor of 
the same name died in 1730, leaving an infant daugh- 
ter Henrietta, who died in 1733, in the seventh year 
of her age. The Blackford property in Somerset 
then passed to her second cousin, Elizabeth daughter 
of Thomas Dyke of Tetton in the parish of Kings- 
ton. * This lady, who eventually inherited the large, 
though scattered, estates of the several branches of the 
Dyke family, married, in 1745, Sir Thomas Acland, 
and a part of the ancient manor of Avill, extending 
from the ridge of Grabbist nearly to the sea-shore, 
belongs to their descendant Sir C. T. Dyke Acland. 

Courts baron for the then undivided manor used 
to be held at Kitswall in the early part of the nine- 
teenth century. ^ The old feodary rent of 2s. used 
also to be paid to successive owners of Dunster Castle. 
It was extinguished in 1870, in connexion with an 
exchange of lands between the late Sir Thomas Dyke 
Acland and Mr. G. F. Luttrell, by which the latter 
acquired the mill of Avill and the adjacent land in 
the valley. 

' Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. ii, p. 130. 
iv, pp. 88, 89. * Chadwyck Healey's History of part 

* Feet of Fines, Somerset, 10 Will. of West Somerset. 

HI. * Savage's Hundred of Carhampton 

* Collinson's History of Somerset, vol. pp. 307, 451. 



CHAPTER XIV 

The Manor of Staunton. 



Staunton occupies the eastern part of the parish of 
Dunster, immediately south of Minehead. In the reign 
of Edward the Confessor, it belonged to a certain 
Walo or Walle, whose estate there comprised three 
virgates. WiUiam the Conqueror granted it to WilHam 
de Mohun, under whom its value rose in the course 
of a few years from 7^. td. to i 5J. At the time of 
the great survey of 1086, he had two and a half 
virgates in demesne. There were also five acres of 
meadow and forty of pasture. The tenants consisted 
of two villeins, two serfs, and two bordars, who held 
half a virgate and a carucate. There was only one 
plough-team, although the arable land was sufficient 
for two. To this estate had been added another 
comprising one virgate, two acres of meadow and 
fifty of pasture, worth altogether y. Here there 
was only one bordar. ^ 

A charter of Theobald, Archbishop of Canterbury, 
issued in the middle of the twelfth century, shows 
that one of the earlier Mohuns had granted, or con- 
firmed, the tithes of Staunton to the Benedictine 
monks of Bath. ^ There is no record of the date at 
which a lord of Dunster gave the manor to a military 

' Domesday Hook. C. 65. 

» Two Chmtularies 0} Bath (S.R.S.), 



444 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xiv. 

tenant, to be held of him and his successors upon the 
usual terms of feudal service. 

In 1 196 and in 1201, a certain Walter of Dun- 
heved, or Downhead, held of the Honour of Dunster 
a knight's fee which may safely be located at Staunton.^ 
He presumably took his name from Downhead near 
Mells, in the eastern part of Somerset. We find him 
claiming land at Edington in 1208, and the advowson 
of the church of Badgworth twelve years later. ^ He 
died in or about 1224. ' 

Several members of the Downhead family were 
connected with Ireland in the thirteenth century, but 
it is impossible to say which of them owned Staunton 
in the long reign of Henry the Third. A second 
Walter of Downhead, who had land at Mells in 
1280, is described as grandson and heir of Erneis 
of Downhead.* This Walter may probably be iden- 
tified with a person of that name who, in 1 279 and 
again in 1285, was found by inquisition tQ hold a 
knight's fee at Staunton of Sir John de Mohun of 
Dunster recently deceased. '^ Staunton was one of 
the fees assigned to Eleanor de Mohun the widow, 
who married a second husband, Sir William Martin. ' 
Under this arrangement, the Martins obtained of 
course only the overlordship, valuable in the event of 
the death of Walter of Downhead during her life- 
time, after which it would pass to the owner of 
Dunster Castle. Before long, however, they obtain- 
ed actual possession of the manor, presumably by 
purchase. 

'Pipe Rolls; RotulideOblatis,p. 136. q/ Manuscripts of the Dean & Chapter 

» Rotiili lie Finibiis, p. 430 ; Curia of Wells (Hist. MSS. Comm. 1907); 

Regis Roll, no. 74. m. i. ^'cet of Ft 11 ea for Somerset, vols. i. and ii; 

* Somersetshire Pleas (S.R.S.), p. 80. Feudal Aids, vol. iv ; Somersetshire 

* Assize Roll, no. 763, m. 38. Fur- Pleas. 

ther notices of the Downhead family •' Calendar of Inquisitions post mor- 

vvillbe found in Calendar of Documents tern, vol. ii. p. 177. 
relating tolreland 1171-1301; Calendar ' Ibid. pp. 352, 353. 



CH. XIV. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 445 

In 1296, John Downhead sued Gilbert de Pero, 
William Martin and Eleanor his wife, William of 
Wells, Gilbert atte Putte, and four others, for disseis- 
ing him of the manor of Staunton Downhead by 
Dunster. Gilbert de Pero had, it appears, recently 
enfeoffed the Martins, but the record of the proceed- 
ings does not show his title to it or the relationship 
of John Downhead to Walter Downhead. Eventually 
the plaintiff failed to appear and the Martins were left 
in possession. ^ 

From this date onwards, the history of the manor 
of Staunton is tolerably clear. The chief point to 
be noted is that it seldom, if ever, had a resident 
lord. Passing from one family to another, it was 
simply a source of income to persons living at a 
distance. 

In 1303, William Martin, 'lord of Staunton', was 
returned as holding half a fee there of John de Mohun, 
the amount being, as in many other cases, understated, 
to the prejudice of the Crown. ^ He is described as 
lord of Kemeys in the celebrated letter from the 
barons of England to Pope Boniface the Eighth. ^ 
Dying in October 1324, he was succeeded by his 
eldest surviving son of the same name. * 

William Martin the second was summoned to 
Parliament in the following year, but he did not long 
survive his father and died in August 1326, leaving 
a widow, Margaret, without issue. ^ At an inquisition 
taken in that year, it was found that at the time of 
his death he was seised of two-thirds of the ' hamlet ' 
of Staunton, which was held of John de Mohun by 
service of a quarter of a fee. It then comprised a 

• Assize Rolls, no. 1310, m. $(!.; no. * Escheators" Enrolled Accounts, 1. 
1313, m. 34. m. 16; Fine Roll, 18 Edw. II. m. 17. 

* Feudal Aids, \o\. \v. p. 302. ^Escheators' Enrolled Accounts, 1. 
' The Ancestor, no. vii. p. 256. m. i6d. 



446 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xiv. 

capital messuage and a garden of two acres, a water- 
mill, fifty-two acres of arable land in demesne, six 
acres of meadow, twenty-one acres of pasture, and 
some ' mountain pasture ' of small value. There were 
on the manor three free tenants and eight bondmen, 
whose services are minutely specified. ^ From the fact 
that William Martin the second held only two thirds 
of the estate, it may be inferred that the remainder 
was in the possession of a widow, either his mother 
Eleanor, or his sister-in-law Jouette, daughter of Sir 
John Hastings and relict of his elder brother Edmund 
Martin. ' 

A third of the lands and fees of William Martin was 
assigned in dower to the widow Margaret, who soon 
afterwards married Sir Robert of Watevill. The other 
two thirds were divided between his two coheirs, his 
sister Eleanor, the wife of Philip Columbers, and his 
nephew, James Audley, son of his sister Joan by Sir 
Nicholas Audley. ^ 

Staunton fell to the share of James Audley, who 
was summoned to Parliament in 1330, when he was 
about seventeen years of age. ^ At some unspecified 
date, he demised to his aunt, Eleanor Columbers, six 
messuages, one carucate of land, eight acres of meadow, 
two acres of wood, and two thirds of the mill at 
Staunton, for which she undertook to do the necessary 
suit at the court of the lord of Dunster. At her 
death in 1342, without issue, this property reverted 
to him. ^ 

In 1353, Sir James Audley arranged to sell to the 
King the reversion, after his own death, of certain 

• Inq. post mortem, 19 Edw. II. no. 10. 

no. ICO. * Feudal Aids, vol. iv. p. 341; Calen- 

* Calendar of Patent Rolls, I2g2-i30i, dar of Inquisitions, vol. vi. p. 220. 

p. 3I4- * Inq. post mortem, 16 Edw. III. 

'^ Ibid. i32j-i3^o, p. 261; 1381-138^, no. 51. 
p. 515; Inq. post mortem 33 Edw. III. 



CH. XIV. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 447 

manors and advowsons in Cornwall, Devon and Somer- 
set, including his estate at Staunton. In connexion 
with this sale, an elaborate ' extent ' was made at 
Staunton ' in Dunsterdene ', the details of which 
may be compared with those given in the inquisition 
of 1326. If we may assume both valuations to have 
been made with equal impartiality, the arable land 
had in twenty-seven years risen in value from 4^^. to 
IJ-. an acre, and the yield of the mill had risen from 
ys. 6d. to I /. The pleas and perquisites of the man- 
orial courts were, however, assessed at only 6s. 8^. ^ 
The transaction between Sir James Audley and the 
King was completed in the same year by a fine levied 
in the Court of Common Pleas. ^ 

The object of Edward the Third in buying from 
Sir James Audley the reversion of various manors and 
advowsons was to bestow them upon the Cistercian 
Abbey of St. Mary Graces, recently founded by him 
near the Tower of London. John of Gaunt, Duke of 
Lancaster, and others were accordingly appointed as 
feoffees to carry out his intentions in the matter. ' 
Little, however, could actually be done, as Sir James 
Audley lived to a considerable age and survived the 
King by nearly nine years. 

In May 1374, Sir James Audley ceded his life 
interest in the manor of Staunton to William Gambon, 
for a yearly rent of 61. 6s. %d. Some two years before 
this, Gambon had been appointed Constable of 
Gainsborough Castle by John of Gaunt, and he was 
also one of the yeomen of the King's Chamber. By 
means then of his influence at Court he obtained not 
only a royal confirmation of his arrangement with 
Audley, but also a definite grant in fee of the reversion 

' Misc. Inq. 27 Edw. III. file 169. ^ Calendar of Patent Rolls, i^SS-i^gi, 

^ Feet of Fines, Divers Counties, 27 p. 364. 
Edw. III. 



448 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xiv. 

of the manor. ^ It was easy for Richard the Second 
to be generous at the expense of the Cistercian monks. 
Subject to the temporary rent payable to Audley, and 
to the feudal services due to Dunster Castle, William 
Gambon became the owner of Staunton. In 1379 
accordingly, we find him paying 2J-. to Lady de 
Mohun for respite of suit of court for a twelvemonth.^ 

Complications, however, arose ere long. In the 
first place, the feoffees of Edward the Third, ignoring 
the grant to Gambon, formally conveyed to the Abbot 
and Convent of St. Mary Graces the reversion which 
he had bought from Audley. ^ In the second place, 
Richard the Second, altogether disregarding the pious 
intention of his grandfather, granted them to his own 
half-brother, John Holland, Earl of Huntingdon. 
His letters patent to this effect bear date the i8th of 
December 1384, but, within two months, he, with 
the assent of the Council, made a fresh and incon- 
sistent grant of them to his favourite, Robert de Vere, 
Marquess of Dublin. * In the course of the financial 
year ending at Michaelmas 1385, the Marquess paid 
two visits to West Somerset, presumably for the pur- 
pose of inspecting the property at Staunton. On 
one occasion he stayed at Minehead and on the other 
at Dunster Castle, and the costs of his entertainment 
at those places amounting to 6/. is. ^d. were defrayed 
by Lady de Mohun. ' 

The letters patent in favour of the Earl of Hun- 
tingdon mentioned above were not revoked until the 
2nd of April 1386, the day after the death of Sir 
James Audley. ^ Although the property that should 

* Patent Roll, 48 Edw. HI. part 2, p. 267. 

m. 4 ; Duchy of Lancaster Miscellane- * Ibid. 1381-1 jS^, p. 515. 

ous Books, vol. xiii, f. 55. '' D.C.M. xxxi. 2. 

* D.C.M. IV. 13. « Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1 385-1 -fSg, 

* Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1401-140^, P- Uj- 



CH. XIV. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 449 

then have passed to the monks was valued at 200 
marks a year, they had perforce to be satisfied with 
an annuity of i i o marks derived from other sources/ 

Upon hearing of the death of Sir James Audley, 
the Sheriff of Somerset entered upon the manor of 
Staunton, with a view to handing it over to the 
Marquess of DubHn. William Gambon, however, 
came forward with his letters patent of 1374, and, as 
the Marquess failed to appear to show cause against 
them in Chancery, those of 1386 were revoked in so 
far as they related to the manor of Staunton, ^ 

Even after this, Gambon was threatened with the 
loss of his property. In 1388, Robert de Vere, now 
Duke of Ireland, was cited to appear before ' the 
Merciless Parliament ' to answer charges brought 
against him by five lords opposed to the King's policy, 
and was condemned to death as a traitor. His unen- 
tailed estates were consequently forfeited.^ The King 
thereupon, in the month of July, made a fresh grant 
to the Earl of Huntingdon of various lands that had 
belonged to Sir James Audley, including specifically 
the manor of Staunton ' by Dunsterdene. ' * 

The Earl of Huntingdon was promoted to the 
dignity of Duke of Exeter in 1397, but joining in a 
conspiracy against Henry the Fourth, he was taken 
prisoner and beheaded in January 1400. Two months 
later, the Parliament declared his estates to be for- 
feited. ^ Once more then the Crown was enabled to 
dispose of the lands acquired from Sir James Audley. 
Henry the Fourth, however, instead of bestowing 
them upon a relation or a favourite, determined to 

' Calendar of Patent RollsjsgQ- 1 40 1, 1359, p. 495. 

p. 275. * Rotiili Parliamentorum, vol. iii. p. 

* Ibid. i^S^-i^Sg, p. 332. 459. His son, restored to the Earldom, 

* Rotuli Parliamentorum, vol. iii. eventually got compensation for the 
p. 237. loss of Staunton. Calendar of Patent 

* Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1385- Rolls, J441-1446, p. 242. 

/ 



450 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xiv. 

carry out the intention of his grandfather. With this 
object he issued letters patent granting to the Abbot 
and Convent of St. Mary Graces various manors, 
including that of Staunton. The pension assigned 
in lieu of them w^as of course vv^ithdraw^n. ^ Staunton 
was again enumerated in a list of the possessions con- 
firmed to the monks by Pope Boniface the Ninth in 
1403. ^ When Sir John Cornwall and Elizabeth his 
wife, the King's sister, sought to recover a third of 
this and two other manors as definitely assigned to 
her in dower by her former husband, the Earl of 
Huntingdon, the Abbot pleaded as if all three belong- 
ed to him and his convent. "* Whether they ever 
got anything in compensation for Staunton does not 
appear. 

It is doubtful whether a certain William Gambon 
who died in 1392 was the person who had acquired 
the manor of Staunton. * If he was, we must sup- 
pose him to have conveyed it to feoffees, or to have 
sold it outright, leaving the purchaser to take the 
risk of a lawsuit. In different years between 1403 
and 1409, the tenants of the lands "late of William 
Gambon " paid 2s. to the bailiff of Sir Hugh Luttrell 
for respite of suit of court. " One list of the fees 
belonging to the Honour of Dunster at this period 
specifies John Wadham and William Fry as the tenants 
of a fee at Staunton. ** In 141 o, and in every year 
from 141 3 to 1420, William Fry paid 2s. for respite 
of suit of court. ^ The earliest of the existing title- 
deeds of Staunton is a quit-claim by John son of 
William Gambon to William Fry and five others of 

^Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1399- Mnq. post mortem, 17 Ric. II. no. 26. 

1401, pp. 275, 284, 397. 5 D.C.M. IV. 15. 

» Calendar of Papal Letters, vol. v. « D.C.M. iv. 18. 

P- 548- ^ D.C.M. IV. 15, 25. 

^ Placita de Banco, 574. m. ii6. 



CH. XIV. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 451 

all his right in the manor, the water-mill, lands, tene- 
ments, rents, services, wardships, marriages, reliefs and 
escheats pertaining thereto. The over-lord, Sir Hugh 
Luttrell, was a witness to this document in 141 6. 
An inquisition of the following year shows that a 
certain John Milward had been in actual possession 
for many years, presumably as an undertenant. 

The court-rolls of the Barony of Dunster give 
Peter Fry as owner of Staunton from 1421 to 1427. 
In 1429, the tenants of lands there "late of Peter 
Fry " were required to do homage and fealty to Sir 
John Luttrell. ^ Two years later, a second Peter Fry, 
described as of Kingsbridge in the county of Devon, 
esquire, was in possession. ^ Although he paid yearly 
for respite of suit to the court of the Barony of 
Dunster, he did not do homage until October 1449. ^ 

A third Peter Fry paid 5/. by way of relief to the 
Yorkist lord of Dunster at the beginning of the reign 
of Edward the Fourth. ^ Dying some nineteen years 
later, he was succeeded by his son Robert, then about 
sixteen years of age. At the inquisition taken shortly 
afterwards, it was found that Staunton was held of 
the Earl of Huntingdon by knight's service and a 
yearly rent of 2s. * This Robert Fry did homage to 
Sir Hugh Luttrell in May 1500. ^ He died in 
March 1531/ 

William Fry, son and heir of Robert Fry, similarly 
did homage to Sir Andrew Luttrell in May 1532.'' 
Some nine years later, he settled the manor of Staunton 
on his son William Fry the younger. ^" Bartholomew 

' Inq. post mortem, 4 Hen. V. no. 50, no. 41. 

and Exchequer transcript. ^ D.C.M. iv. 56. 

' D.C.M. IV. 30. « Inq. post mortem, C. H. 81 (312). 

' Feudal Aids, vol. iv. p. 430, ' D.C.M. v. 14. 

* D.C.M. IV. 38. " Feet of Fines, Somerset, Hilary, 
5 D.C.M. I. 27. 32 Hen. VHI. 

• Inq. post mortem, 20 Edw, IV, 



452 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xiv. 

Fry seems to have done homage to Thomas Luttrell 
for a fee at Staunton, in April 1559.^ He is describ- 
ed as son of WiUiam Fry. ^ His wife's name was 
Elizabeth. ^ 

In 1593, Bartholomew Fry, gentleman, and Ferdi- 
nando Fry, his eldest son, conveyed to Richard 
Godbeare the whole manor of Staunton, with its 
appurtenances in the parishes of Dunster and Mine- 
head, subject to the rents and services due therefrom. * 
Four years later, Godbeare in turn conveyed it to 
Nicholas Downe, a merchant of Barnstaple, and the 
purchaser did homage to George Luttrell in No- 
vember 1 60 1. ^ 

Nicholas Downe seems to have been succeeded by 
Richard Downe, who matriculated at Exeter College, 
Oxford, in 1 6 1 5 and eventually proceeded to the 
degree of D.D. He became rector of Tawstock and 
of Marwood in Devonshire. 

Although the little manor of Staunton had for 
centuries had its own court baron, the tithingman 
had been required to attend the lawdays at Minehead. 
When Minehead received a royal charter of incorpor- 
ation in 1559, and became a parliamentary borough, 
the householders at Staunton obtained the franchise 
as belonging to it. In a custumal of 1647, there is 
the following curious entry : — 

" The custom is that the tithingman of Staunton every 
yeare upon Hocke Tuesday, beinge the third Tuesday after 
Easter, in the morninge before sunne risinge, doe bringe 
into this mannor [of Minehead] a greene boughe and set the 
same in the place within the said mannor where the lord's 
courts have been kept most usually, and, after he hath so 
done, he shall goe to the next tennant's house within the 

' D.C.M. V. 29, 32. 15 Eliz. and Easter 26 Eliz. 

^ Chancery Proceedings, Scries ll, •• Ibid. Mich. 35 and 36 Eliz. 

bundle 67, no. 20. ■'' D.C.M. v. 50. 
' Feet of Fines, Somerset, Trinity 



CH. XIV. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 453 

saide manner and call them and say * Arise, sleepers of 
Mynehead ' three times, * and beare witness that the tithing- 
man of Staunton hath done his duty '. And if he doe not 
the same, he shall forfeit 3J. 4^. " ^ 

John Downe, son of Dr. Richard Downe, matri- 
culated at Trinity College, Oxford, in 1665. In a 
list of the feodary rents due to the Honour of Dunster 
Castle in 1685, he is entered as liable for is. in 
respect of the manor of Staunton Fry. From him it 
passed to his brother Richard, at whose death in 
1692, it was divided between his two sisters, Mary 
the wife of John Blake, and Anne the wife of Edward 
Carpenter. By a will dated in 1 7 1 8, Anne Carpenter 
bequeathed her moiety to her nephew John Blake, 
who also got his mother's moiety. On his death 
without issue in 1727, three quarters of the manor 
passed to his sister Joan the relict of Lewis Gregory, 
of Barnstaple, and her descendants eventually ob- 
tained the other quarter which had passed to the 
children of her sister Elizabeth Lee. Her son, 
George Gregory, clerk, of Combe Martin in Devon- 
shire, was succeeded by his son Lewis Gregory of 
Barnstaple, who, in December 1760, caused the 
manor of Staunton to be put up for sale by auction 
at Dunster. A purchaser was found in the person of 
Jonathan Hall, gentleman, who, however, did not 
long survive. 

By a will executed in 1764, this Jonathan Hall 
bequeathed his manor of Staunton, otherwise Staunton 
Fry, to his great-nephew Richard Hall Clarke, subject 
to the life interests of the father and the two uncles 
of the legatee. 

The old feodary rent of is. was duly paid in the 
following year. After clearing off all encumbrances 

' Hancock's Minehead, p. 21 1. 



454 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xiv. 

on the Staunton estate, Richard Hall Clarke sold it 
outright to Henry Fownes Luttrell, in 1774, for 
5,500/. Thus after many centuries it was reunited 
to the Dunster estate. 

It has been seen above that the householders in 
Staunton were as such electors for the parliamentary 
borough of Minehead. Although they were but few 
in number, the formality of a court baron was main- 
tained there down to the year 1854, and perhaps 
even later. There are now no traces of a manor- 
house and it is clear that from a very early period 
the successive lords of Staunton were absentees. 




FRAGMENT OF ANCIENT GLASS, 
DUNSTER CHURCH. 



CHAPTER XV. 

The Manor of Alcombe, 



The history of Alcombe is singularly uneventful. 
Although a manor of very ancient origin, it has not 
had a resident lord since the Norman Conquest. In 
the reign of Edw^ard the Confessor, it belonged to a 
certain Algar, w^hose estate there was assessed at one 
hide. Like many other places in the neighbour- 
hood, it W2LS granted by William the Conqueror to 
William de Mohun, and it was in his possession at 
the time of the Domesday Survey. The demesne 
then comprised three virgates, for the cultivation of 
which the lord had one plough and four serfs. The 
remaining virgate was in the hands of three villeins 
and four bordars, who had two ploughs. Mention is 
also made of eight acres of meadow and three furlongs 
of pasture. The live stock comprised a riding-horse, 
five beasts (animaliaj and two hundred sheep. The 
yearly value of the estate was 20j., as in the previous 
reign. ^ 

Between the years 1090 and iioo, William de 
Mohun gave the whole of Alcombe unreservedly to 
the Benedictine monks of Bath, and so it became part 
of the endowment of their cell at Dunster. ^ A 
questionable document of later date sets out minutely 
the boundaries of the hide of land there belonging 

' Domesday Book. * See page 383 above. 



456 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xv. 

to them. ^ From the end of the eleventh century to 
the middle of the sixteenth, the history of Alcombe 
is almost blank, the manorial court-rolls and accounts 
having ahke disappeared. Two incidental notices show- 
that there was a chapel there near ' le Lynch ' dedicated 
to St. Michael. ^ As part of the pre-Norman Hun- 
dred of Minehead and Cutcombe, Alcombe was 
exempt from suit to the hundred court of Carhamp- 
ton, but its tithing-man was required to appear at the 
half-yearly ' law days ' at Minehead. ^ 

After the suppression of the monasteries by Henry 
the Eighth, John Luttrell, his agent, rendered a series 
of yearly accounts of the profits of the manor of 
Alcombe, divided under seven sub-heads. First came 
the rents of three freeholders, John Sydenham of 
Brympton being liable for ioj in respect of land called 
Wyneard and Pytte, Nicholas Bratton of Bratton for 
8j. in respect of land at Sparkhayes in Porlock, and 
the heirs of Bythemore for 4^. in respect of land 
called Wilaller in Wythycombe ; there was, however, 
considerable difficulty in collecting these amounts. 
Secondly, there were the rents of ' customary tenants, ' 
or copyholders, of houses and cottages in Alcombe. 
Thirdly, there were rents from Budcombe (sic), 
Keynsham (sic), Cowbridge, Frackford and Marsh. 
Fourthly there were rents of ' conventionary tenants, ' 
or leaseholders, in Alcombe. Fifthly, there were 
rents from lands and tenements in Dunster. Sixthly, 
there were rents from land in Carhampton. Lastly, 
there were the proceeds of the manorial courts. * 

After remaining for some time in the possession of 
the Crown, the manor of Alcombe was, in 1561, 

' Two Chartularies of Bath, L. 845 ; » D. C. M. xxvi. 4, 6, 8 ; xxvii. 10, 11 ; 

Dugdale's Monasticonvol. iv. p. 202. xxviii. 13, 15. 

2 Two Chartularies of Bath, L. 940 ; * Ministers' Accounts, Hen. VHI. 
Calendar of Patent Rolls 1^6^-1 47 7, p. 65. 



CH. XV. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 457 

sold to Sir George Speke of Whitelackington, whose 
first wife was a daughter of Sir Andrew Luttrell of 
Dunster. ' He died in March 1584, seised of it and 
of lands in and near Alcombe, which had formerly 
belonged to the Benedictine monks. ^ The same 
estate is mentioned in the inquisition taken after the 
death of his grandson, George Speke, fifty-six years 
later. ^ John Speke of Whitelackington is mentioned 
as one of the principal owners of land in Dunster in 
1 7 1 6. * Courts are stated to have been held at Alcombe 
in the early part of the eighteenth century about once 
in three years, but without any sworn jury or homage. 

In or about 1722, Colonel Speke sold the whole of 
his estate at or near Alcombe in small sections. The 
' royalty ' of the manor, with various small ' chief 
rents ' from freeholders, was then bought for about 
20/. by Aldred Escott, whose family already owned 
property there. ° In 1830, the manor belonged to 
the Rev. T. Sweet Escott of Hartrow, and it now 
belongs to his grandson, the Rev. W. Sweet Escott. ^ 
On the sale of the Speke estate, most of the tenants 
purchased their respective holdings, but in course of 
time many of these have been acquired by the Lutt- 
rells of Dunster Castle. Until the disfranchisement 
of Minehead, the votes of the householders of 
Alcombe, which was within that parliamentary 
borough, were of some importance. 

In recent years, many new houses have been built 
at Alcombe, and there is now a chapel there served 
by the Vicar of Dunster and his curate. Several 
picturesque buildings of the sixteenth or seventeenth 
century remain. 

>OriginaliaRoll,4Eliz. part5,m. 105. * Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. 

^ Inq. post mortem, C. U. 205 (198). iv. p. 102. 

' Inq. post mortem, C. H, 552 (126). * Savage's History of the Hundred oj 

* D. C. B. Carhampton, pp. 449, 354. 

g 



CHAPTER XVI. 

Lower Marsh. 



The interesting old house now known as Lower 
Marsh stands near to the disused sea-port of Dunster 
and near to the modern railway-station. Although 
it is actually in the parish of Carhampton, its success- 
ive owners have always been so closely connected 
with Dunster that a brief account of them will not 
be out of place here. 

Going back two full centuries before the erection 
of the existing house, we find in an ' extent ' of the 
year 1266 of the manor of Dunster, including that 
of Carhampton : — 

" Agnes of Marsh holds a ferling of land for sixteen 
capons to be rendered at Christmas and Easter, and she 
does suit like the said Gilbert (atte Cross), and she shall 
have in every year six cows and six calves in La Waterlete 
quit of herbage. " ^ 

In an undated rental which may be ascribed to 
the reign of Richard the Second, a certain John 
Ryvers is entered as rendering sixteen capons to the 
lady of the manor for his tenement at Marsh. ^ In 
141 1, John Ryvers and Robert Ryvers were amerced 
6d. apiece in the court of the borough of Dunster 
for a breach of the peace against Thomas Yartc. 
The stick of the former was found to be of no value 

' D.C.M. VIII, 4. * D.C.M. xviii. 4. 



CH. XVI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 459 

and the dagger of the latter fetched 4^. when sold 
by the constables, probably to the owner himself. ^ 
John Ryvers was still living in 1421, when he was 
entered as paying y. 4^. a year for pasture in the 
East Marsh, in addition to the sixteen capons for his 
freehold at Marsh. Being then woodward to Sir Hugh 
Luttrell, he had a house and twenty acres of land free 
from rent. ^ 

Robert Ryvers of Marsh mentioned above may 
confidently be identified with the person of that name 
who was successively bailiff of Dunster and steward 
of the household and receiver-general to Sir John 
Luttrell, and afterwards to Dame Margaret his relict. 
That he was a man of considerable means is clear 
from the fact that he could advance large sums of 
money to her, taking silver vases and cups in part 
payment.' He died in April 1441, leaving as his 
co-heirs four young daughters. All his property, 
scattered in different parts of Dunster and Carhamp- 
ton, had been conveyed to feoffees in the previous 
year, and it is not unlikely that most of it had been 
already sold. * 

John Loty ' the younger ' became a burgess of 
Dunster in 1440, and the former Ryvers estate was 
vested in him and his descendants for more than 
three centuries.* He was constable of Dunster Castle 
in the later years of the reign of Henry the Sixth, 
and the trusted feoffee of Sir James Luttell in various 
legal transactions. ^ Dying in September 1462, he 
was succeeded by a son of the same name. ^ 

By the year 148 1 at latest, the ancient rent of sixteen 

> D.C.M. X. 3. * D.C.M. XII. 2. 

» D.C.M. XVIII. 7. « D.C.M. xviii. 14 ; Inq. post mortem, 

» D.C.M. I. 17 ; XI. 3 ; xxxvii, il, 12. i Edw. IV. no. 43. 
Seepage 117 above. ^ D.C.M. xii. 4; Inq. post mortem 

* Inq. post mortem, 19 Henry VI. 2 Edw. IV. no. 23. 
no. 31. 



460 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xvi. 

capons had been commuted into a monetary payment 
of 8j. ^ John Loty the third seems, like his father, 
to have had some connexion with Dunster Castle. 
In 1487, Nicholas Bratton of Bratton, esquire, and 
others were charged with having broken the pound- 
fold of Hugh Luttrell, esquire, at Nether Marsh, and 
taken away twenty ewes, while certain other persons 
were charged with having, on the same day, lain in 
wait for John Loty at Nether Marsh with intent to 
murder him. ^ An undated rental of the later part 
of the fifteenth century shows John Loty to have 
been by far the largest proprietor of burgages at 
Marsh and in the main streets of Dunster, paying 
upwards of 14^. a year at Martinmas to the lord of 
the borough. ^ Another rental of the year 1496 
shows him to have also owned various pieces of land 
at Carhampton. * We may fairly suppose that the 
Lotys, like the Ryvers before them, as agents of 
successive Luttrells, had opportunities of acquiring 
little pieces of land on their own account by purchase 
or by foreclosure of mortgages. 

The earlier portion of the house at Lower Marsh, 
including a little chapel over the porch, with three 
mullioned windows, two niches for statues and a carved 
wooden roof, may perhaps be ascribed to John Loty 
the third. He died in June 1499, leaving a widow 
Joan, who continued to occupy his free tenement then 
called ' Mershe Place. ' She is known to have been 
the rehct of John Bratton of Bratton in the parish of 
Minehead, and a statement that she was a daughter 
of Richard Chichester of Arlington in Devonshire is 
confirmed by the fact that Richard Chichester was a 
party to the settlement made upon her by her second 

• D.C.M. XIX. 4 ; XX. 38. ^ D.C.M. xv. 5. 

» D.C.M. XXXI. 10. * D.C.M. XIX. 4 ; xx. 38. 




LOWER MARSH. 

THE KNTRANCE. 



CH. XVI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 461 

husband. A bill which she filed in Chancery against 
her "unnatural" son, Robert Loty, shows that she had 
three daughters, Margaret, Elizabeth and Jane, whose 
interests she was anxious to protect. She lived to a 
considerable age and died in 1518. ^ 

Robert Loty, son and heir of John, predeceased his 
mother. By a will dated and proved in 1 510, he 
gave directions that he should be buried in the church 
of Carhampton, but he also left money to the light 
of St. Leonard in the Priory Church of Dunster and 
to the lights of Our Lady and St. George in the 
parochial part of that building. ^ Joan his relict had 
a large and varied experience of matrimony. Soon 
after his death, she became the wife of Silvester Syden- 
ham of North Petherton, who died in June 1525. ^ 
Thirdly, she was " mareyed and espousyd " to John 
Luttrell, brother of Sir Andrew Luttrell of Dunster 
Castle. This union was, however, dissolved by a 
sentence in the legatine court of Cardinal Wolsey. 
The grounds of the divorce are not known, though it 
is stated to have been granted " according to the lawys 
of the church. " The lady was a daughter of Thomas 
Flamank, one of the leaders of the Cornish rebellion 
of 1497, ^^^ ^°^ of kindred or affinity to the Luttrells. 
Perhaps there was some question of a precontract. 
At any rate she proceeded to marry a fourth husband, 
Peter Fauntleroy of Fauntleroy's Marsh in Dorset. 

According to bills filed in the Court of Star 
Chamber, John Luttrell subjected his former wife and 
her new husband to systematic persecution during a 
great part of the year 1528. He and his men drove 

' Inq. post mortem, C. II. 14 (139); ' Somerset Medieval Wills, (ed. Wea- 

E. II, 158 (12); Early Chancery Proceed- ver) vol. ii, p. 142. 

ings, bundle 332, nos. 97, 98 ; Chadwick ^ Inq. post mortem, E. 11. 913 (9). 

Heaiey's History of part of West Somei- ''Star Chamber Proceedings, Hen. 

set, pp. 329, 331 ; b. CM. XXVIII. 19. VIII. 15, nos. 32-34; 24, no. 188. 



462 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xvi. 

away three hundred of her sheep on one occasion and 
sixty on another. They killed her doves and pigeons. 
Entering the house called ' Foremarsh ' at different 
times, they carried off deeds, household goods and even 
w^earing apparel. They also flooded the lov^er chambers 
by cutting the dykes in the neighbourhood. The 
tenants on the estate were incited to disregard the 
Fauntleroys, and people in general were requested to 
withhold the necessary supplies of meat and drink. 
In modern parlance, a ' boycott ' was proclaimed 
against them. Steps were also taken to deprive them 
of the consolations of religion. A certain William 
Horsman was sent to Dunster Church to break up the 
pew which Silvester Sydenham had made there by 
consent of the parishioners, and although the lady 
still had a domestic chaplain, John Luttrell prevented 
him from celebrating mass by carrying off the chalice. 

To these and other charges, partly fictitious, John 
Luttrell would not make any detailed reply. He 
took his stand on the common law of the realm as 
administered by the regular judges. It is, however, 
worthy of remark that he describes the complainants 
as " Peter Fauntleroy and Jane supposed to be wyeff 
onto the said Peter. " We may reasonably suppose 
that, in virtue of his marriage to the widow, he claimed 
the enjoyment of all the lands and rents that had 
been settled on Robert Loty and Joan his wife in 
April 1 5 I o. 

Although the judgments of the court of Star 
Chamber are no longer extant, it seems clear that 
Joan Fauntleroy got the best of the controversy. She 
was entered as owing suit to the court of the Hundred 
of Carhampton in 1534, and to that of the borough 
of Dunster two years later. ' At her death, the 

' D.C.M. XIX. 6; XIII. 3. 



CH. XVI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 463 

whole of the property covered by the entail of i 5 1 o 
passed to her sister-in-law, Elizabeth Poynes, or 
Poyntz, of Mettcombe in Devon, relict of Richard 
Poyntz, whose eldest son, Edward, married Margaret 
daughter of Amias Chichester of Arlington, a member 
of a well-known Roman Catholic family. ^ At the 
inquisition taken after the death of this Edward 
Poyntz in 1583, it was found that he held twenty- 
two burgages and two messuages in Dunster in free 
socage at a yearly rent of i/. 2s. 2d. to George 
Luttrell, their actual value being twenty times as 
much. His messuage called 'Foremarsh,' with fifty 
acres adjoining, was found to be held of the manor 
of Carhampton at a fixed yearly rent of 15J. 4^. 
also far below the value. ^ 

In accordance with directions contained in his will, 
Edward Poyntz was buried in the parish church of 
Dunster, apparently in the eastern part of the northern 
aisle of the nave. His epitaph was carved on a stone 
that had formerly been the slab of an altar. ^ 

Robert Poyntz, the eldest surviving son of Edward 
and Margaret, obtained from his cousin Ursula Syden- 
ham a grange and land at Leigh in the parish of Old 
Cleeve and went to live there. By a will dated and 
proved in 161 1, he directed that his body should be 
buried in the church of Old Cleeve, though he also 
left money for the maintenance of the chapel at 
Leigh. He bequeathed his ' manor ' of Foremarsh 
and other lands in Dunster and Carhampton to his 
eldest son Giles. ^ 



* Chancery Proceedings, Series ii, ' Savage's History of the Hundred oj 
bundle 89, no. 43 ; Brown's Somersetshire Carhampton, p. 41 1 ; Hancock's Dunster 
Wills, vol. vi, p. 32. Church and Priory, p. 82 ; Brown's 

* Inq. post mortem, C. II. 203 (5). Somersetshire Wills, vol. vi, p. 32. 
The rent of 15s. 4^. was composed of a * Ibid. p. 34; Inq. post mortem, C. 11. 
'high rent' of 12s and 3s. 4^. for 324(144). 

common at the Marsh. D.C.M. iii. 12. 



464 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xvi. 

This Giles Poyntz was admitted a student of the 
Inner Temple in 1619. Some twelve years later, he 
paid 30/. to the Crown for relief from the burden of 
knighthood. ^ He was afterwards proscribed by the 
authorities of the Commonwealth as a Papist and a 
Delinquent, and his estates were " forfeited for trea- 
son. " Although his then wife Agnes was allowed 
to retain a fifth part of them, his own petition for 
leave to compound was rejected, and his lands at 
Leigh, Dunster and Carhampton were, in 1653, sold 
to Thomas Wharton of Gray's Inn. The farm called 
Lower Marsh was at that time rented by Nicholas Blake 
of Dunster.^ In the same year Giles Poyntz married 
a second wife. Prudence, daughter of George Rowe 
of Staverton. ^ By a will made after the Restoration, 
he bequeathed 20s. apiece to his Catholic servants, 
and 200/. to be paid in a manner known by his wife, 
meaning presumably for the maintenance of a priest 
at Leigh. * 

Clement Poyntz, who succeeded on the death of 
his father Giles in 1660, died without issue in 1685, 
having bequeathed all his lands to his mother Pru- 
dence. The heir-at-law, however, Giles Poyntz of 
Arlington, son of Edward, son of John, a younger son 
of Edward Poyntz of Dunster mentioned above, seems 
to have questioned the validity of the will. The 
widow therefore took it up to London. When she 
arrived, the town was in a turmoil on account of the 
flight of James the Second. Fearing therefore that 
her precious documents would not be safe at her 
lodgings in Drury Lane, she deposited them in the 

' Somerset & Dorset Notes & Queries, ' Vivian's Visitations of Devon, 

vol. iv, p. 118. p. 660. 

* Calendar of Committee for Com- * Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. 

pounding, p. 3010; S. P. Doin. Inter- vi, p. 36. 
regnum, G. 167. f. i. 



CH. XVI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 465 

house of the Spanish Ambassador in Wild Street, 
close by. She could hardly have chosen a worse place. 
" The wrabble, being very tumultuous, " broke into 
the Embassy and " ryffled it, " scattering the contents 
of her trunk " up and dov^n the streets. " Some she 
managed to recover, and the will was eventually up- 
held.' By her own will made in 1 69 1 , she bequeathed 
her property at Leigh, her manor and lordship of 
Dunster and Carhampton, and her burgage tenements 
at Dunster to Robert Rowe of Kingston in the parish 
of Staverton in Devonshire, who seems to have been 
her nephew. According to one account, she had 
made arrangements for the maintenance of a Bene- 
dictine chaplain at Leighland who was to have his 
diet free, a horse, and a salary of 7/. However this 
may be, her will contained a provision that, notwith- 
standing the unkindness shown to her by Giles Poyntz 
of Bachet in ArHngton, and in consideration of his 
relationship to her late husband, he should be allowed 
to have her lands on payment of 600/. to Robert 
Rowe, her principal legatee.^ 

Giles Poyntz did not take full advantage of the 
option thus given to him, but, by some amicable 
agreement with Rowe, he obtained the property at 
Dunster and Carhampton, thenceforward quite sepa- 
rate from the property at Leighland and Leigh 
Barton. In a will executed in 1714, he describes 
himself as " of Yarnscombe " in the county of Devon, 
and he was buried there in the following year. His 
manor, " or reputed manor, " of Foremarsh was by 
this will put into the hands of trustees, but his relict, 
Anne, got the barton of Marsh, that is to say Lower 
Marsh, and some land around it, for her life, in lieu 

' Chancery Proceedings, Reynardson » Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. 

421, no. 120; 425, no. i6i. vi, p. 38. 



466 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. ch. xvi. 

of dower, with 5/. a year out of " conventionary and 
other rents of the said manor. 

In the early part of the reign of George the First, 
this Anne Poyntz was registered as one of the Roman 
CathoHc landowners in Somerset. ^ There is nothing 
to show whether she ever kept a priest at Lower 
Marsh, to minister in the little chapel over the porch. 
It is more likely that a priest came over occasionally 
from Leighland, where there was usually a Benedictine 
or a Jesuit in residence until the early part of the 
nineteenth century. ^ A cursory glance at a Poyntz 
pedigree, showing three Prudences, three Temperan- 
ces, and a Christian, might suggest that the family 
had a leaning towards Puritanism, if intermarriages 
with Chichester and Rowe did not show it to have 
been Catholic. Several members of it are recorded 
to have been buried at Arlington " without a priest," 
that is to say " unattended by a lawful presbyter of 
the Church of England. " ' 

Giles Poyntz, the eldest son of Giles and Anne 
mentioned above, was buried at Dunster in May 
173 1, when most of the property passed under an 
entail to his brother John. Anne, their mother died 
three years later. When Henry Fownes Luttrell 
was making the Park at Dunster, he might have 
been put to some inconvenience if John Poyntz had 
refused to part with a little piece of land near Hensty. 
By this time the family had apparently ceased to 
reside in West Somerset. John Poyntz was a member 
of Gray's Inn ; one of his unmarried sisters lived at 
Weston in Buckinghamshire, and another at Arling- 

' P.C.C. Fagg. f. 163. » Oliver's Collections, pp. 62, 181, 182, 

' Oliver's Collections illustrating the 229, 239, 242, 263, 312, 334, 341, 356, 

history of the Catholic Religion, p. 172. 401,415,432. 

Cosins Names of Roman Catholics, * Ibid. p. 387. 

Nonjurors, &c. (1862) p. 100. 



CH. XVI. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 467 

ton. ^ All their houses and lands in Dunster and 
Carhampton were let, mostly for lives. Some five 
years later, in 1760, they agreed to sell them outright 
to Henry Fow^nes Luttrell for the very lov^ sum of 
2400/.'' The fine levied for this purpose enumerates 
18 messuages, 25 cottages, 40 gardens, 20 orchards, 
150 acres of arable land, 30 of meadow, 80 of pasture, 
10 of wood, 100 of furze and heath, 20 of moor, and 
common of pasture for all manner of cattle in Dunster 
Marsh, East Marsh, Lutts (Loty's) Marsh, Colebor- 
row, Croydon, Townswood, Holly Hill, etc. together 
with the * manor ' of Foremarsh. More precise 
particulars are given in the ' recovery.' The farm at 
Lower Marsh alone yielded 49/. a year and, the 
property comprised houses in High Street, New 
Street, St. George's Street, West Street and Gallock- 
street, and many isolated pieces of land adjacent to 
others belonging to the Luttrell estate.^ From every 
point of view the transaction was very advantageous 
to the purchaser and his successors. Of course they 
lost the ancient ' chief rent ' of 1 2s. and the burgage 
rents of i/. zs. zd, due from Poyntz and his prede- 
cessors. 

' In an elaborate but not too accurate 1732 under the name of Beaumont. 

Memoir of the Family of Poyntz (p. 278), ^ Feet of Fines, Somerset, Easter 33 

Sir John Maclean has confounded John Geo. II. 

Poyntz of Gray's Inn, the vendor of * Recovery Rolls, Hilary 33 Geo. II. 

Foremarsh, with his namesake and m. 95; Trinity 33-34 Geo. II. m. 50. 
contemporary, who became a Jesuit in 




ELIZABETHAN CHALICE AND PATEN, 
DUNSTER CHURCH. 



APPENDIX A. 

The Mohuns of Ham Mohun in Dorset. 



Among the estates granted by the Conqueror to William 
de Mohun was one at Ham in Dorset, which in course of 
time came to be known as Ham Mohun, since corrupted 
into Hammoon. ^ William de Mohun the Fourth of Dunster 
appears to have granted it to his brother Geoffrey, to be held 
of the Honour of Dunster on the usual conditions of mili- 
tary service. Geoffrey, however, got into trouble in the 
reign of Richard the First through adhering to the King's 
brother, John, Count of Mortain, and his lands were for- 
feited. For more than four years from 1 193, the King's 
ministers gathered the profits of the manor of Ham, usually 
reckoned at 7/. ^ 

In the summer of 1198, John de Mohun, a brother of 
Geoffrey, succeeded in obtaining possession of Ham, on 
promising to pay 30/. to the Crown, a sum six times as large 
as that which was ordinarily exacted by way of relief on 
succession to one knight's fee. ^ Furthermore, in 1 201, he 
undertook to pay 20 marks for seisin of land at Brinkley, in 
Cambridgeshire, which had been given to him by his brother 
William, but afterwards taken into the King's hand.* The 
accounts for scutage in that year show that he held two fees, 
one doubtless at Brinkley and the other at Ham. ** Some 
seven years later, his rights at both these places were chal- 
lenged by his nephew, Reynold de Mohun, who had suc- 
ceeded to the Dunster estate after a long minority. There 

» The pedigree of this family given * Rohili de Oblatis, p. 136 ; Rotulus 

inHutchins's//is/or>'o/Dorsc^isa tissue Canccllarii, p. 142. 

of errors. » Rotuli de Oblatis, p. 170 ; Rotulus 

' Pipe Rolls. Cancellarii, p. 143. 

' Ibid, ; Rotulus Cancellarii, p. 204. 



470 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

were two separate suits between them. In one, Reynold 
claimed that Ham ought to belong to him in demesne, 
possibly on the ground that the King's grant of it to John 
had ceased to be valid when he came of age, while John 
maintained that Reynold was merely the overlord, as owner 
of the Honour of Dunster. ^ The other suit seems to have 
turned upon a question whether John had ever received 
actual seisin of the land at Brinkley. In this case the court 
decided that Godeheut de Mohun, John's mother, had died 
seised of it in fee and that Reynold was her heir. ^ Event- 
ually, an arrangement seems to have been made that John 
de Mohun should hold Ham and Brinkley alike under the 
lord of Dunster. 

This Sir John de Mohun was deprived of his lands in 
Dorset for siding with the barons against King John, but 
they were restored to him in 12 17, when he made his peace 
with the government of Henry the Third. ^ He died in 
1 22 1. * On his death-bed he had given instructions that 
he should be buried at Salisbury, in the cathedral church of 
the diocese in which he usually lived, but as the corpse 
rested for a night in the church of Bruton, the Prior and 
Convent of that place took upon themselves to inter it there 
among the bodies of his ancestors and cousins. They 
thereby incurred the wrath of the Bishop and the Chapter of 
Salisbury, and they eventually had to make public apology, 
undertaking to hand over the corpse or such part of it as 
might be claimed. ^ 

William de Mohun, son and heir of John, arranged, 
in 1222, to pay 12 marks to the Crown by way of relief on 
succession to lands which are described as held in chief, but 
which were more probably in the hands of the King as 
guardian of the heir of the overlord, Reynold de Mohun 
of Dunster. ® Under the name of * WilUam de Moun of 
Hamme', he, in 1252, obtained licence to hunt the hare, the 

* Curia Regis Roll, no. 48, mm, 6, 11; (R. S.), pp. 225, 226. If the transcript is 
no. 50, mm. 6, 8, II. correct, the date of the apology is 

* Ibid. no. 47, m. 3 ; no. 48, m.jd. between 1228 and 1235. The editor has 

* Rotuli Litterarunt Clausarum, vol. erroneously identified " J. de Mayna " 
i. pp. 300, 303. with Reynold de Mohun's son John, 

* Excerpta e Rotulis Finium, vol. i. who was living in 1254. 

p. 77- * Excerpta e Rotulis Finium, vol, i. 

* Sarum Charters and Documents p. 79. 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 471 

fox, and the cat in the forests of Dorset, and exemption 
from service on juries and the like. ^ He occurs in connex- 
ion with Brinkley in 1234, and, in 1253, he received a royal 
charter for a market and fair at that place. ^ He is describ- 
ed as a knight in 1255.^ He was still living in 1261, when 
the day of the market was altered from Wednesday to 
Tuesday, at the instance of the King's daughter Beatrice. * 
Sir William de Mohun was the last of the family to hold 
the estate in Cambridgeshire together with that in Dorset. 
In 1285, it was found that Andrew de Mohun held a 
knight's fee at Brinkley, and John de Mohun a knight's 
fee at Ham, under John de Mohun of Dunster, recently 
deceased. ^ Andrew de Mohun of Brinkley made a settle- 
ment on his wife Maud in 1301. ^ A later Andrew occurs 
in connexion with Cambridgeshire in 1353. ^ Brinkley had 
long ere this ceased to be reckoned as one of the fees held 
of the Honour of Dunster. Nicholas Mohun occurs as 
parson of the church of Ham Mohun in 1297. ^ 

After the time of William de Mohun, the manor of Ham 
Mohun was held of the Honour of Dunster, by service of 
one knight's fee, by a series of Mohuns named John. The 
second of these Johns de Mohun died early in 133 1, leaving 
a son and heir of the same name aged twenty-three. ^ This 
John de Mohun, the third, did homage to the King for the 
manor of Ham Mohun, the lord of Dunster being a minor 
and a ward of the Crown. ^° He married firstly Matthia 
daughter of Sir William Stokes, but had no issue by her. 
They were both living in 1344. His second wife Hawis 
survived him and afterwards married Walter Perle. " 
John de Mohun the fourth, son of John and Hawis, left a 
son of the same name, who died in 1407. His relict, 
Sibyl, soon took another husband, John Harryes. ^^ As the 

1 Patent Roll, 36 Hen. Ill, m. 4. ' Close Roll, 27 Edw. III. m. igd. 

» Close Roll, 18 Hen. III. m. 17^., « Patent Roll, 25 Edw. I. m. 13^. 

Patent Roll, 37-38 Hen. Ill, m. 11. ' Inq. post mortem, C. Edw. III. file 

^ Patent Roll, 39 Hen. III. part 2. 29, no. 6. 

m. 13d. '** Calendar of Close Rolls, 1 330-1 333, 

* Charter Roll, 45 Hen. III. m. i. p. 448. 

* Inq. post mortem, C. Edw. I. file " OriginaliaRoll, 27 Edw. Ill ; Feet 
43 (6). of Fines, Dorset, Easter 42 Edw. III. 

« Feet ot Fines, Cambridge, 29 "Assize Roll, no. 1519, mm. 26, 27,31. 

Edw. I. 



472 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

heir, John de Mohun the sixth, was only three years of age, 
he became a ward of his overlord. Sir Hugh Luttrell of 
Dunster. The nett income of the manor of Ham Mohun 
was at this time valued at 8/, and, in February 1409, Sir 
Hugh Luttrell granted two thirds of the manor to Thomas 
Hody, to be held during the nonage of the heir at a yearly 
rent of 8 marks. ^ 

John Mohun the sixth and last was for some years High 
Steward of the borough of Dorchester. ^ He died in May 
1479, seised of the manor of Whitchurch in Hampshire, and 
the manors of Holcombe, Godmanston, Ham Mohun, 
Fifehead Quyntyn, Child Okeford, Wolveton, Upwey (Wey 
Bayhous), and Combe Deverell and various lands in Dorset. 
He was succeeded by his grandson, John Trenchard, aged 
over twenty-six, son of his daughter Christine. ^ 



The Mohuns of Fleet in Dorset. 

A branch of the Mohun family was seated for six gener- 
ations at Fleet near Weymouth. It might be supposed to 
have sprung from the Mohuns of Ham Mohun in the same 
county, if the arms which it bore were not more similar to 
those of the Mohuns of Dunster. A pedigree compiled in 
1606 by William Dethick, Garter King of Arms, but not 
registered at the Heralds' College, appears to be the author- 
ity for deducing its origin from Sir Robert Mohun of 
Porlock, the second son of Sir John Mohun of Dunster 
who died in 1330. * This Sir Robert is stated to have been 
the great-great-grandfather of John Mohun of Ottery in 
Devon, father of Richard Mohun, father of Robert Mohun 
with whom the official pedigree begins. ^ 

' D.C.M. IV. 15, i6, 22. * Genealogical details in this section 

' Municipal Records oj Dorchester, not authenticated by specific references 

pp. 291, 296, 298, 442. are based upon the Heralds' Visitation 

* Inq. post mortem. 19 Edw. IV. of Dorset, 1620, and the account of 
no. 51 ; Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1467- Fleet given in Hutchins's History of 
1477, p. 293. Dorset, vol. ii. pp. 741-749. 

* See page 40 above. 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 473 

Robert Mohun of Baunton died on the 14th of November 

1580, seised of the manors of Loders Maltravers, Manger- 
ton, and Fleet, the advowson of Fleet, the rectory of East 
Chaldon, and other property in the neighbourhood. ^ A 
brass in the church of Fleet represents him in armour, but 
without a helmet, kneeling at a desk, with nine sons kneeling 
behind, and his wife with eight daughters similarly kneeling 
opposite. ^ The inscription runs : — 

" Hicjacet Margarita uxor quondam castissima viri dignis- 
simi Roberti Mohun alias Moun de Bothenhampton in 
comitatu Dorcestrensi armigeri, qua quidem Margarita fuit 
filia et coheres Stephani Hyde de Hyde in eodem etiam 
comitatu armigeri, Hcec 17 Uherorum fielicissima fuit 
parens. Fixit annos circiter 90, ac in Domino requiescit. 
Obiit primo die Decembris anno regni serenissimi Jacobi 
Anglorum regis 1° ac Scotia 36°, salutis 1603. " 

Although there were no less than seventeen children, the 
names of only three are known : — 
Robert, heir to his father. 
Maximilian, heir to his brother. 

John, matriculated at St. Alban Hall, Oxford, in 1586, 
and was admitted a student of the Middle Temple 
in 1 59 1. His daughter Anne died in 1600. 

Robert Mohun, son and heir of Robert and Margaret, 
matriculated at St. Alban Hall in 1577, being then nineteen 
years of age. He afterwards married Meliora daughter 
of ... Pitt of Blandford, and by her had issue three 
daughters : — 

Meliora, born in 1587, married to ... Daccomb. 

Margaret, born in 1588, married to ... Hele. 

Anne, born in 1594, married to ... Hele. 
Robert Mohun the second died in 1598, when the 
entailed estates passed to his brother. ^ 

Maximilian Mohun matriculated at St. Alban Hall in 

1 58 1, being then sixteen years of age. He afterwards 
became a student at the Middle Temple. He married, on 
the 4th of October 1593, Anne daughter and coheiress of 

' Inq. post mortem. C. II. 193 (45). West, p. 330. 

' An engraving of this brass is given * Inq. post mortem, C. II. 252 (35). 

in Hamilton Rogers's Memorials of the 



474 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

John Churchill of Corston. ' They and their five sons and 
eight daughters are represented on a brass at Fleet bearing 
the following inscription : — 

" Hie jacet Maximilianus Mohun armiger, filius Roberti 
Mohun alias Moun de Bothenhampton in comitatu Dorces- 
trensij qui quidem Maximilianus una cum uxore castissima 
AnnafiUa et coharede Johannis Churchill de Corston generosi 
tredecim liberorum fcelicissimus fuit parens. Vixit annos 
circiter 48 ac, vita bene beateque peracta^ in Domino requi- 
escit. Obiit xiii°. die Octobris anno regni serenissimi Jacobi 
Anglorum regis x°. ac Scotia xlv° anno salutis 1612."^ 

The names of twelve of the children are known : — 

Maximilian, heir to his father. 

Churchill, matriculated at Oxford in April 16 13, with 
his elder brother. He died without issue. 

Robert, of Buckham near Beaminster, a Major in the 
Royalist army. ^ He was taken prisoner near Bridge- 
water, and afterwards compounded for his estate.* 
In 1634, he married Elizabeth daughter of John 
Hillary of Meerhay. 

John, born in 1605. 

George, born in 1607. 

Mary, born in 1595, married in 16 10 to Cornelius 
Weston of Colyton in Devon. ^ 

Elizabeth, married to John GoUop. " 

Anne. 

Margaret, born in 1606. 

Eleanor. 

Thomasine, born in 16 10. 

Catherine, born in 1612. 

Maximilian Mohun the second was born in November 
1596, and matriculated at Oxford in April 1613. In 163 1, 
he paid 10/. for exemption from the duty of taking knight- 
hood. ' By reason of his adherence to the King in the 

> Hutchins's H/s/ory 0/ Dorse/, vol. ii. * Calendar of Committee for Com- 

p. 45. pounding, p. 1684. 

» This brass is engraved in Rogers's * Vivian's Visitations of Devon,p.7So. 

Memorials of the West. The date of « Hulchins's History of Dorset, \o\.i\. 

the death is placed ten days later in the p. 1 13. 

inquisition. (C. II. 330, no. 94.) ' Somerset and Dorset Notes and 

» Minute-books of Dorset Standing Queries, vol. iv. p. 18. 
Committee, p. 366. 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 475 

Civil War, his estate was sequestered for about seven years, 
during part of which he was in prison at Weymouth. 
He was eventually allowed to compound for 1 540/. 1 8 j. 4^. * 
He died in 1673. By Elizabeth his wife, daughter of 
Francis Chaldecot of Whiteway, he had issue ten children, 
the names of six of whom are known : — 

Maximilian, baptized at his mother's old home at 
Steple in March 1622. He was living in i65i,but 
he predeceased his father. 

Francis, heir to his father. 

Robert, a Captain in the Royal Navy. He died in 
1667. 

William, who obtained a small property at Portishead 
in Somerset, and married Mary daughter of Richard 
Morgan of that place. He died on the 23rd of 
March 168 1. His wife survived until the 25th of 
July 1692. Their only son, Maximilian, seems to 
have died young, as their property passed to Eliza- 
beth their daughter, who married Sir Edward Fust, 
bart. ' 

Edith, who died in 1672. 

Elizabeth, who married Robert Yardly. 

Francis Mohun was born about 1628. He was one of 
the principal men in Dorset who refused to support the 
repeal of the penal laws in 1688. ' A monument to him at 
Fleet is more commendable for its brevity than for its 
Latinity : — 

" Vir dignissimus^ Franciscus Mohun armiger^ filius Maxi- 
miliani qui fuit filius Maximi/iani Mohun^ obiit 25 Feb. 
1711-12™°, anno atatis sua 84°. 
Prisca fides^ cultusque Dei^ patriceque mentis 
Fidus amor promavum excoluere virum. " 

Eleanor his wife, daughter of Ralph Sheldon of Stanton 
in Derbyshire, and niece of Gilbert Sheldon, Archbishop of 
Canterbury, survived until 1722. She bore him three 
children : — 

' Calendar oj Committee for Com- History of Somerset, vol. iii. p. 145. 

pounding, p. 1633. ' Somerset and Dorset Notes and 

* Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. Queries, vol. v. p. 53. 
ii. p. 15 ; vol. V. pp. 95, 98 ; Collinson's 



476 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

Gilbert Maximilian, heir to his father. 

Catherine, born in 1688, married in 1702 to Sir Edward 

Fust, bart. 
Elizabeth, born in 1671, married in 1698 to Robert 

Broadrepp of Mapperton. She died in 1708. ^ 

Gilbert Maximilian Mohun was born in 1675. ^^ 
married firstly, in 1696, Elizabeth daughter of... Squibb, 
and by her had issue two children : — 

Gilbert Maximilian, who died young. 
Elizabeth, born in 1700, married in 1720 to Thomas 
Lyte of Lytescary in Somerset. ^ Their descendants 
are the representatives of the Mohuns of Fleet. 
After the death of his first wife in 1701, he married Sarah 
daughter of Thomas Cooper of Sherborne. He died in 
1721 ; she died in 1735. -^7 ^^^^ second marriage there 
were four sons and two daughters. 

Gilbert Maximilian Mohun the second is stated to 
have been born in 1706. When, however, he matriculated 
at Hart Hall, Oxford, in 1726, he was entered as sixteen 
years of age. He married Dorothy daughter of Roger 
Thompson and relict of Sir Edward Fust, bart. She died 
in 1734. He died without issue in 1739, when the estate 
passed to his brother Francis, an intermediate brother, 
Thomas, having died in 1727. 

Francis Mohun was born in 171 3. He was third 
Lieutenant on the Victory in October 1744, when the ship 
was lost, and the estate passed to Robert, the youngest of 
the four brothers. ^ 

Robert Mohun, the last male member of this branch of 
the Mohun family, was born in 17 15. He died unmarried 
in 1758, and the remains of the property were then divided 
between his two sisters. His father's eldest daughter, 
Elizabeth Lyte, being only his half-sister, was not accounted 
one of the coheirs. Fleet went to his sister Sarah, the wife 
of Thomas Farwell and afterwards of John Gould of Upway. 

' Hnichms' 5 History of Dorset^ voX.'n. iv. p. 117 ; Proceedings of the Somerset 
p. 159. Archceological Society, vol. xxxviii. p. 8i. 

' Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. ' Admiralty List Book 24. 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 477 

She died without issue in August 1774, aged 63. ^ In the 
absence of any effectual entail, her share eventually passed 
to a son of her second husband by a former wife, not 
descended from the Mohuns. Judith, the youngest child 
of Gilbert Maximilian Mohun the first, married firstly 
Edward Tizard and secondly Henry Worral. Surviving 
them, she died in December 1788, aged 71. ' 



The Mohuns of Hall and Boconnoc 
IN Cornwall. ^ 

Sir Reynold de Mohun, a younger son of Sir John de 
Mohun of Dunster, the third of that name, by Ada Tibetot 
his wife, seems to have been born at the end of the thir- 
teenth century or the beginning of the fourteenth. The 
earliest notice of him is in 1323, when he received royal 
pardon for his share in the rebellion of the Earl of Lan- 
caster and Roger Mortimer. * In the two following years 
he was in Guienne on the King's service. ^ He went abroad 
again in 1344, in the company of Henry of Lancaster, 
Earl of Derby. ^ From his father he received the manor of 
Ugborough in Devonshire, but only for the term of his 
life. ' 

There is a story of very doubtful origin that Sir Reynold 
de Mohun, coming into Fowey harbour with soldiers bound 
for Ireland, let fly a hawk at some game which came down 
in the garden at Hall, and that he thus first met the 
daughter of the owner, Elizabeth Fitzwilliam, whom he 
afterwards made his wife. ^ The circumstances connected 
with their marriage are so singular as to justify an attempt 

' Hutchins's ///s/ory 0/ Dorset, vol. i. 7527, p. 63. 
p. 345. * Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1 324-1 ^2 J, 

* Ibid. p. 344. pp. 12, 178 ; Calendar of Close Rolls 
^ Genealogical details in this section 1323-1327, p. 376. 

not authenticated by specific references ® Rymer's Fcedcra, vol. iii. p. 11. 

are based upon Vivian's Visitations of ' Feet of Fines, Devon, 21 Edw. III. 

Cornwall. ® Gilbert's History of Cornwall, vol. 

* Calendar of Patent Rolls,i 321-1324, ii. p. 410. 
p 351 ; Calendar of Close Rolls, 1323- 



478 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

to unravel a very complicated story out of legal and 
episcopal records of the time. 

In the first place it is clear that Elizabeth Fitzwilliam 
was a considerable heiress, and that Sir John Daunay, a 
powerful neighbour, had designs upon her property. In 
July 1333, the Bishop of the diocese directed Master Richard 
of Wideslade, Treasurer of Exeter, and Master John of 
Stoke, Canon of Glasney, to proceed with a suit, partly 
heard, for a divorce between Dame Elizabeth " of Boden- 
neke " and Sir Reynold de Mohun. The lady so styled 
was certainly Elizabeth Fitzwilliam, but it is not clear 
whether she herself took any active part in the business. 
When her husband obtained a royal writ of supersedeas 
against Stoke, Wideslade was ordered to proceed alone if 
necessary. In the following January, however, a fresh 
commission was issued to Henry Bloyou, Canon of Exeter, 
and Bartholomew de Castro, rector of St. Ives. The former, 
it may be observed, had recently been rector of Cornwood, 
a living in the gift of Sir John Daunay. Under his in- 
fluence perhaps, these two churchmen pronounced a decree 
of divorce, on the canonical ground that the lady had been 
previously contracted to Thomas de Mohun, a brother of 
Reynold. ^ From them the husband appealed to the court 
of the Archbishop of Canterbury, whence a further appeal 
was carried to the Roman Court. The Bishop of Bath and 
Wells and the Abbot of Glastonbury, being appointed the 
papal delegates in the case, referred it to the Abbots of 
Buckland and Tavistock, who eventually re-affirmed the 
original decree of divorce. 

At this stage of the proceedings, the lady seems to have 
fallen into the power of Sir John Daunay, who is stated to 
have * eloigned ' her from Mohun. He seems further- 
more to have got her married to a certain Henry Deneys. 
According to Daunay, Mohun quit-claimed to him all his 
right in Arworthal and several other Cornish manors, in 
February 1336, and Elizabeth " daughter of Sir John 
Fitzwilliam " did the like seven months later. His state- 
ments as to this were, however, flatly contradicted. There 
is clear evidence that, in May 1337, a fine was levied in the 

' The chronicler of Nevvenham Ab- genealogy of the Mohuns. Archceolog- 
bey does not give any Thomas in his teal Journal, vol. xxxvii. p. 89. 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 479 

King's court, by which Bodennek and another manor were 
settled on Henry Deneys and Elizabeth his wife, for the 
term of her life only, with remainder to Sir John Daunay. 

It may be presumed that, after this, Mohun made a 
successful appeal to the Pope, for, in February 1346, he 
and Elizabeth his wife, now re-united to him, brought a 
suit against Daunay, Deneys and others, to recover lands of 
her inheritance of which they had been deprived. At the 
trial, Deneys, although living, did not put in an appearance, 
but the proceedings were stopped by the death of the prin- 
cipal defendant. The Mohuns had therefore to bring a 
fresh suit against Lady Daunay and others. Eventually 
they recovered enormous damages from two parsons who 
had been the accomplices or tools of Sir John Daunay. ^ 
Half a century later, Edward Courtenay, Earl of Devon, 
as grandson and heir of Sir John Daunay, made an attempt 
to wrest from the Mohun family the property of which the 
reversion had been settled on him by the fine of 1337-^ 

Sir Reynold de Mohun was succeeded by a son named 
John, who is stated by the Heralds to have married Joan 
St. Aubyn. Legal proceedings of the year 1397 show that 
he left a widow named Isabel who married Sir Henry 
Ivelcombe, and a son named Thomas, who was then under 

This Thomas Mohun was m possession or some or 
the Fitzwilliam inheritance in 1428. * In the church of 
Lanteglos by Fowey there is a low altar-tomb under an 
obtuse arch, with the effigy in brass of a man in plate-armour 
and the following inscription : — 

** ^ic jacent t^om<XB be ®Xo§un dc %o^anntB 
yater ejus fifiue et ^erec (ge^inaf bi be (gto^un mifiixB 
et <Bfi;a6et^e urorie eue, fifie et ^erebis 3o^annt6 
Sit^wiffiam mifiiifi, qui [c^nibcm (j^t^ina^^m fuit] 
cecunbuB frater So^dnnis uiiimi ©omini be (ttto^um 
(Bt :f)rebtetu6 J^omdc o6iit... ^it mtmxB,,. dnno ©ontint 

' Register of Bishop Grandisott, pp. y2, Assize Roll, 1434, m. 3 ; Feudal Aids, 

410, 701, 721, 727, 1309 ; Placita de vol. i. pp. 214, 215, 218. 

Banco, 346, m. 193 ; Year Books, 20 * Placita de Banco, 545, m. 332. 

Edw. III. part. i. pp. 270-289 ; Feet of ^ Ibid. 

Fines, Cornwall, 10 Edw. Ill; Inq. * Feudal Aids, vol.i. pp.22i, 22^-2:^1, 

post mortem, 20 Edw. III. no. 33 ; 236. 



48o A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 
miffeeimo CCCC,, Quorum (}i,rdmcAuti })ro^)icietur 

The feet of the figures rest upon a lion, beneath which 
there is the following verse : — 

^* (|f)er)?tbednt cuixcix m ix<Kmxi ^fotia tnunbt *\ 

The brass must have been executed 
during the lifetime of Thomas Mohun, 
whose relations did not take the trouble 
to supply the exact date of his death in 
the middle of the fifteenth century. 
With regard to the inscription, it should 
be observed that Sir Reynold de Mohun 
was not the brother, but the uncle, of 
the last Mohun of Dunster, and that, 
according to the contemporary chronicler 
at Newenham, he was the fourth son, 
not the second. Thomas Mohun, the 
subject of the brass, is stated by the 
Heralds to have married Elizabeth 
daughter and heiress of Richard Hayre, 
whose surname in this form is probably 
a phonetic rendering of Eyr. ^ 

William Mohun, son and heir of 
Thomas, is stated by the Heralds to 
have married Joan Cavell. Some legal 
proceedings taken by him, in 1442, 
against the relict and the heir of Nicholas 
Cavell of Bokelly are not inconsistent 
with a theory that his wife was a daughter 
of this Nicholas. * 

William Mohun the second, stated 
to have been son of William and Joan, married Isabel 
daughter of Sir Hugh Courtenay of Boconnoc, eventually 
one of the coheiresses of her brother, Edward, Earl of 
Devon. ^ They left issue John and Thomas. 




' Richard Eyr of Trewelesik is men- - Maclean's History of Trigg Minor, 

tioned in a fine of 1370 ; Sir William vol. ii. p. 159. 
Mohun held land there in 1588. ^ Inq. post mortem, C. II. 113 (4; 261). 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 481 

John Mohun, son of William and Isabel, married Anne 
daughter of Richard Coode of Morval. They both died of 
the sweating sickness in September 1508. In the church of 





Lanteglos there is a brass showing the effigies of John 
Mohun in armour, but without a helmet, Anne his wife, 
their five sons and their four daughters. It bears the fol- 
lowing inscription : — 

^k iacent tumufdta coti)ora 3o§anni6 Oto^un 
dmi^eri et (^mt uxoxxb ejuc ftfie ©icdtbi Cobe 
ixxmic^m tt <\m quibent ^o^dnneB fuit fifiuB et ^eres 
n3?iffefmt (ttto^un drmigeri dc f forencie urone eju6 uniuc 
0ororum (Ebwdrbi Courtnej^ Comiix& ©evonie et <^ui 
<^uibem 3o^dnne0 et ®.nnd oSierunt tnen0e ^e^JtetnSm 



482 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

infra ipiginti Cjuatuor ^orac ex infirmitate pocdtd ^ubore, 
anno ©omini mbvii), <;|uorum (Xnima^m pxopititiux 

The brass is not believed to be quite contemporary, and 
the name of John Mohun's mother is incorrectly given. ^ 
Of the nine children represented the names of six are 
known : — 

John, who died on the 4th of January 1516, without 

issue. ^ 
Edmund, who died young. 
Roger, who died young. 
Reynold, heir to his brother John. 
Isabel, who married in 1537 John Nicolls of Penvoyce.* 
Joan, who married John Rosuggan of Milledar. ^ 

Reynold Mohun, fourth son of John and Anne, suc- 
ceeded his brother John in 15 16, being then eight or nine 
years of age. ^ He was one of the esquires of the body to 
Edward the Sixth. In 1552 and again in 1559 he served the 
office of Sheriff of Cornwall.^ In 1566, he bought Boconnoc, 
which became the principal residence of the family. ^ He 
died on the 22nd of April 1567, possessed of considerable 
property in the two western counties. ® By Joan his wife, 
daughter of Sir William Trevanian, he had issue four sons 
and as many daughters : — 

William his heir. 

Hugh, who died without issue. 

Reynold, who died without issue. 

John, who died without issue. 

Isabel, who married Matthew Trewynard. 

Jane, who married John Treffry of Treffry. 

' Mr. Hamilton Rogers has given 1516 (not 1517) shows that the younger 

three different versions of this inscrip- John Mohun was succeeded by his 

tion. (Sepulchral Effigies of Devon, pp. brother Reynold. 

115, 32g ; Memorials of the West, p. 277.) * Vivian, p. 344 ; Maclean's History 

^ Haines's Monumental Brasses, vol. of Trigg Minor, vol. iii. p. 351. 

ii. p. 40. ^ Vivian, p. 411. 

^ Inq. post mortem, C. II. 78 (116.) * Patent Roll, 6 Edw. VI. part 9. 

Col. Vivian charges the Heralds with ' List of Sheriffs, p. 22. 

having omitted a generation. (Visita- ^ G'llheit's History of Cornwall, vol. i. 

tions of Cornwall, p. 324.) The error p. 65. 

is his own, as the inquisition taken in ^ Inq. post mortem, C. II. 150 (186. 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 483 

Anne, who married Francis Bellot of Corsham in 

Wiltshire. 
Honor. 

William Mohun, son and heir of Reynold, was Sheriff 
of Cornwall in 1571 and 1577. ^ He was knighted in 
1583. ' He died on the 6th of April 1588. ' Elizabeth 
his first wife, daughter and heiress of Sir John Horsey, had 
borne him two sons and a daughter : — 

Reynold his heir. 

William, who married Honor, daughter and coheiress 
of John Trencreke, and had issue : — 

Nathaniel, married at Constantine in July 1624 to 

Jane daughter of Thomas Trefusis. 
Philip, who died young. 
Thomas. 

Mary, married at Constantine in 1626 to Thomas 
Trefusis. 
Edith, baptized at Fowey in August 1566, married to 
Sir Ralph Horsey. 

By a second wife, Anne, daughter of William Reskimer 
and relict of John Trelawny of Menheniot, Sir William 
Mohun had issue three sons and two daughters : — 

William, baptized at Fowey on the ist of September 

1 57 1. He died between June 161 1 and February 

1 6 12, leaving a son Reynold. 
Thomas. 
Arundel, baptized at Fowey on the 1 6th of September 

1575. He died without issue. 
Jane, married firstly to Humphrey Courtenay of 

MoUand and secondly to Sir John Speccot. 
Bridget, married to Sir Thomas Arundel of Tolverne. 

Reynold Mohun, eldest son of Sir William, was more 
than twenty-three years of age at the time of his father's 
death. He was knighted on the 25th of March 1599, and 
created a baronet on the 25th of November 1611, afew 
months after the institution of that order. In 1614, hewas 
returned to the House of Commons for East Looe and in 

' List of Sheriffs, p. 23. p. 82. 

' ShiLw's Knights of Eugland, vol. ij. ' Inq. post mortem, C. II. 218 (43). 



484 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

1625 for Lostwithiel. ^ The communion table in the 
church at Boconnoc bears an inscription : — "Made by me 
Sir Raynold Mohun, 1621. " Sir Reynold Mohun mar- 
ried firstly, in 1589, Mary daughter of Sir Henry Killigrew. 
By her he had issue an only son : — 

William, the donor of an eared silver pot to Exeter 
College, Oxford, in 1606. ^ He proceeded B.A. 
in 1608, and was in that year admitted a student 
of the Middle Temple. He died unmarried in 
1613. 
By a second wife, Philippa daughter of Sir John Hele 
of Wembury, Sir Reynold Mohun had issue : — 

John, his heir. 

Elizabeth, baptized at St. Pinnock on the loth of 
February 1593, married to Sir John Trelawny of 
Trelawny. 
By a third wife, Dorothy daughter of John Chudleigh of 
Ashton, he had issue three sons and four daughters : — 

Reynold, born about 1605. A bowl of silver gilt at 
Exeter College was inscribed — "The gift of Rainold 
Mohun to Exeter College, 1622. " ^ He proceeded 
B.A. in 1624, and was admitted a student of the 
Middle Temple in the following year. A settlement 
was made in 1634 in consideration of his intended 
marriage to Mary daughter of Sir George Southcote. 
He died in or before 1642, leaving a widow named 
Dorothy. He had two children, Reynold and Dor- 
othy, both of whom died young. 

Ferdinand, born about 161 2, commoner of Exeter 
College, and the donor of a silver bowl in 1630. 
He left no issue. 

George, born about 1613. He left no issue. 

Dorothy, born about 1604, married to Sir Henry 
Carew of Bickleigh. 

Bridget, married at Boconnoc on the 15th of April 
1635 to John Nicholls of Trewane, and afterwards to 
Sir James Smyth. * 

' Return of Members of Parliament. ' Ibid. p. 2y6. 

' Hoase's Register of Exeter College, * S. P. Doin. Interregnum, G. 7S- 

P- 279- f. 173. 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 485 

Penelope, baptized at Boconnoc on the 29th of January 
1609, married to William Drewe of Broad Hembury 
in Devonshire. There is at Boconnoc a portrait of 
her dated 1636, and a curious epitaph in memory of 
her dated 1637 may be seen in the church/ 
Margaret, baptized at Boconnoc on the 27th of June 
1 6 19, married to Charles Roscarrock of Trevenna. 
She died in 1670. 
Sir Reynold Mohun died on the 26th of December 1639. ' 
At Boconnoc there are portraits of him and one of his wives 
attributed to Cornelius Jannsen. 

John Mohun, the eldest surviving son of Sir Reynold, 
matriculated at Exeter College in 1605, being then thirteen 
years of age. He presented a bowl in the following year, 
and took the degree of B.A. in 1608. Two years later, he 
was admitted a student of the Middle Temple. In the 
Parliaments of 1624 and 1625, he sat for Grampound and, 
through the influence of the Duke of Buckingham, he was 
appointed Vice- Warden of the Stannaries. 

Sir James Bagg, who styled himself that minister's 
" perpetuall slave," importuned him for months to obtain a 
peerage for John Mohun. On the ist of November 1627, 
he wrote : — 

" Mohun in a Lordlike way will best be your servant. " 

On the 17th of March following, he was more explicit : — 

"Mr. Mohun is soe your servant as in life and fortune 

Inable him by honor to be fitt for you ; soe in the Upper 
House or in the countrey will he be the more advantagious 
to you. He is honest, and I am pawne for his constancie. 
He desires to retain the name of Mohun and to be Baron 
either of Polrode, Launceston, Bodmin, Lostwithiell or Bocon- 
noke. " 

Again only two days later : — 

" Let me mynde and pray you to take care of Mohun. " 
On the 23rd he wrote : — 

" I am not more an enymie to vice then an affectionate servant 

' Hamilton Rogers, Sepulchral Effi- * Inq. post mortem, C. II. 596 (45). 

gies of Devon, p. 329. 



486 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

to vertue, and therfore I am inforst to assure you of the great 
worth of your servant Mohun. " 

Once more, on the 8th of April : — 

" The service that Mohun will doe you will crowne your 
favour to him, make me gladd as long as he continues an honest 
man, and give me resolution to cutt his throate when he shall 
approve other to my Lord the Duke. " ' 

By this time the matter was practically settled, and on 
the 15th of April 1628, John Mohun was raised to the 
peerage with the title of Baron Mohun of Okehampton. 
His motto * Generis revocamus honores ' may allude either 
to the Mohuns of Dunster or the Courtenays of Okehamp- 
ton. One curious result of his new creation was that he 
obtained precedence of his own father, still living and only 
a baronet. It is interesting to note that Mohun afterwards 
quarrelled with Bagg, whom he charged with defrauding the 
King of 20,000/. ^ 

The first Lord Mohun married Cordelia daughter of Sir 
John Stanhope and relict of Sir Roger Aston. She was 
buried at St. Martin's in the Fields on the 2nd of October 
1639. By her he had issue : — 

John, born about 161 5. In 1637, he was committed 
to the Fleet Prison in connexion with an affray on 
Snow Hill, near Holborn, in which Lord Lumley 
received some injury. Only one version of the 
story, his own, has been preserved. According to 
this, he was returning from the Dutch Embassy in 
company with Cassius Burroughs, son of Garter 
King of Arms, Obadiah Gossop, his father's chap- 
lain, and two servants, when Lord Savage's coach 
came upon them suddenly. To save himself from 
being crushed against a wall, young Mohun struck 
at the horses with his cane, whereupon the coachman 
slashed at him with his whip. After some reprisals, 
swords were drawn on both sides, but neither Mohun 
nor Burroughs could explain how Lord Lumley, 
sitting quietly in the coach, came to be hurt. ' 

' S. p. Dom. Car. I. vol. Ixxxiv. no. passim. 
93 ; vol. xcvi. nos, 36, 48 ; vol. xcviii. ' S. P. Dom. Charles I. vol. ccclxiii. 

no. 26 ; vol. c. nos. 47, 55. nos. 36, 37, 119. 

* Calendar of Slate Papers, Domcslic, 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 487 

John Mohun died in his father's lifetime and was 
buried at Kensington on the 31st of October 1639. 

Warwick, heir to his father. 

Charles, baptized at Mevagissey on the 25th of August 
1622. He was knighted at Bristol in 1643, but was 
killed at Dartmouth in the Civil War.^ 

Cordelia, married to John Harris of Hayne. 

Theophila, married at St. Martin's in the Fields, on the 
8th of November 1638, to James Campbell. 

Philippa, baptized at Mevagissey in 1623. 

Philadelphia, died in 1633. 
John, Lord Mohun died on the 28th of March 1641. ' 
There are portraits of him and his wife at Boconnoc. 

Warwick Mohun, second Baron of Okehampton, was 
born on the 25th of May 1620, and was consequently 
within a few weeks of his majority at the date of his father's 
death. ^ When the quarrel between the King and the 
Parliament became serious, he withdrew from Westminster 
to his house in Cornwall. * After some hesitation, he de- 
finitely took up arms on behalf of the former in September 
1642, and raised a regiment of foot in his own neighbour- 
hood, although he was not popular there. A year later, he 
resigned his commission. The disputes about the amount 
to be paid by him to the victorious party by way of penalty 
lasted a long time. ' He died between April and July 1 665. 
By Catherine his wife, daughter of— Welles of Brember in 
Hampshire, he had issue two sons and three daughters : — 

Charles, his heir. 

James, of Polmangan, who died in 1699 or 1700. 

Cordelia. 

Catherine, married to George Cusack. 

Isabella, married to Samuel Maddock of Plymouth. •* 
Anne, one of their two daughters and coheiresses, 

1 Shaw's Knights of England, vol. ii. Vivian's Visitations of Devon, p. 464. 

p 216. * S.P. Dom. Charles 1. vol. ccccxcii. 

'2 Inq. postmortem, C. II. 607 (102). no. 7. 

3 Vivian's Visitations and G.E.C.'s ' Clavendons History of the Rebellion, 

Complete Peerage give different dates, Calendar of Committee for Advance of 

both incorrect. His singular Christian Money, p. 692. „ , , , c<^ 

name seems to have come through his « Hamilton Rogers, Sepulchral hjji- 

grandmother, Philippa Hele, whose gies of Devon, p. 120. 
mother's maiden name was Warwick. 



488 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

married John Fownes, ancestor of the Fownes 

Luttrells of Dunster Castle. 
Catherine, Lady Mohun being a Roman Catholic, the 
King in Council made order, in 1668, that she should give 
security to bring up her children in the Protestant religion/ 
She died in April 1692.' 

Charles Mohun, third Baron of Okehampton, was under 
age at the date of his father's death. In November 1672, 
he proposed to Arthur, Earl of Anglesey, for the hand of 
his daughter Philippa, " with great civility. " A few days 
later, the young lady's father notes in his diary : — 

" My Lord Mohun continued his addresses with more civility, 
desiring only my daughter, and leaving all things else to myself, 
whether I give anything or nothing. " 

The marriage, however, did not turn out well. In 
September 1674, Lord Anglesey records that Lord and 
Lady Mohun were " desperately out again. " In his 
opinion, both parties were to blame, but he vented most ot 
his wrath on his daughter : — 

" If she had not been married, I had beat her. I did call her 
* impudent baggage.' *' 

Some three months later, he effected a reconciliation. ^ 
Lord Mohun considered that his dignity was seriously im- 
pugned when somebody said that he was "good for nothing 
but to sit in ladies' chambers and thread their needles. "* 
A newsletter of the 5th of October 1676, gives the follow- 
ing account of a brawl in which he was concerned : — 

" Two Exchange women (to whom Lady Mohun owed a bill, 
and to whom payment was promised with Michaelmas rents, 
with which they seemed satisfied) after drinking brandy, came 
with four braves to my Lord's lodgings. The women went 
up, spit in my Lady's face, etc. The men staid below and 
cried * Where is my Lord ? ' etc. My Lord at this alarm went 
upstairs, took his sword and pistol, and one of his men the like, 
and after some passes shot, missed the man, but shot through 

• Hist. MSS. Comm. Report xii. App. App. vi. p. 366. 
vii. p.6o. Iniht Dictionary of National * Hist. MSS. Comm. i?e^orf xiii. App. 

Biography, (vol. .xxxviii. p. 105) she is vi. pp. 274, 277. 
confounded with her daughter-in-law. * Hatton Correspondence, vol. i. p 

' Luttrell's Brief Relation, vol. ii. 124. 
p. 429 ; Hist. MSS. Comm. Report xiv. 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 489 

his hat ; that not doing, shot again, but the pistol would not go 
off. The hubbub increasing, they retreated, my Lord having 
received a slight wound on the hand. They were three Irish, 
and one Lifeguardsman. " ' 

While acting as second to Lord Cavendish in a duel in 
November 1676, Lord Mohun was run through the stomach, 
and he lay between life and death for a considerable time. ^ 
Dying on the 29th of September 1677, he was buried at 
St. Martin's in the Fields three weeks later. 

Lady Mohun, the widow, caused some sensation in the 
aristocratic circles of London by her proceedings in con- 
nexion with another brawl in the following year. Going 
to play cards with a friend who was in lodgings near the 
New Exchange, she encountered the landlady, to whom her 
husband had owed money. Some high words passed, and 
one of Lady Mohun's footmen pricked the landlady with 
his sword, while another spat in her daughter's face. The 
landlady retaliated by throwing a candlestick at one of them, 
which hit their mistress on the knee. Lady Mohun there- 
upon, claiming the privilege of a peeress, petitioned the 
House of Lords to summon and punish her assailant. The 
Lords, however, very wisely left the parties to settle their 
quarrel by course of ordinary law. The King was vastly 
amused, and gallantly declared that he was willing to deter- 
mine by inspection whether Lady Mohun's knee was injured.' 
William Coward, serjeant-at-law, was so fascinated by the 
widow that he paid her debts amounting to 1,500/. before 
obtaining her hand in second marriage. Nevertheless 
she steadily refused to let him touch any of her money. * 
Surviving him by some years, she was buried at Lee in 
Kent in March 1715/ By this lady. Lord Mohun had left 
issue two children : — 

Charles, his successor. 

Elizabeth, a maid of honour to Queens Mary and Anne. 
She died in July 17 10. ^ 

' Verney Memoirs, vol. u. p. s^S- * Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. 

» Hist. MSS. Comm. Report xii. App. iv. p. 88. 
V. pp. 32-37 ; App. vii. pp. 130, 141. = Ibid. vol. v. p. 11. 

Hatton Correspondence, vol. i. p. 142. •"• Lords' Journals, vol. xiii; Luttrell 

* Lords' Journals, vol. xiii. p. 194; Brief Relation, \o\. iii. p. 143; vol. vi. 

Hist. MSS. Comm. Report ix. App. 2, p. 610 ; Brown's Somersetshire Wills, 

p. no ; Report xii. App. v. p. 49. vol. v. p. 10. 

K 



490 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

Charles Mohun, rourth and last Baron of Okehampton, 
appears to have been born in 1674.^ It is not possible 
here to attempt a detailed biography of a nobleman who 
was constantly before the public during the last twenty 
years of his comparatively short career. ^ The Jacobite 
Hearne sums up his character in describing him as " the 
greatest debauchee and bully of the age. " ^ 

In 1692, when Lord Mohun was about eighteen years 
old, but already " exceeding dissolute, " he had a drunken 
quarrel with Lord Kennedy, and the King himself failed to 
prevent a duel in which both parties were wounded. * 

This was on the 7th of December. Only two nights 
later. Lord Mohun was concerned in an attempt made by 
Captain Richard Hill to kidnap Mrs. Bracegirdle, the 
popular actress. He was still with Hill when the latter, a 
mere boy, waylaid William Mountfort, the most graceful 
actor of the period and brutally murdered him in Howard 
Street, Strand. ^ The grand jury of Middlesex found a true 
bill against both, and, although the principal culprit managed 
to escape, his noble associate was eventually committed to the 
Tower of London. As Lord Mohun had to be tried by his 
peers, extraordinary preparations were made. Westminster 
Hall was fitted up with scaffolding, boxes being provided for 
the foreign ministers, and special seats for the peeresses and 
their daughters. Eight tickets of admission were also allotted 
to every peer, including the prisoner, who was not yet a 
member of the House of Lords. A Lord High Steward 
was appointed to regulate the proceedings, and every peer 
living within twenty miles of London was required to 

' He is sometimes described as the National Biography, vol. xxxviii. pp. 

fifth Baron, in consequence of an err- 105-107, gives many useful references, 

oneous idea that the first Baron was but contains several errors, 

succeeded by his eldest son. In Dec- ' Collections (ed. Doble), vol. iii. p. 486. 

ember 1692, Lady Nottingham writes * Luttrell's Brief Relation, vol. ii. pp. 

of " that wretched creature, " Lord 629,631,636; Hatton Correspondence, 

Mohun, as " not sixteen years old till vol. ii. p. 187. 

April next. " {Hatton Correspondence, * Hist. MSS. Comm. Report on Port- 

vol. ii. p. 187.) In the following Feb- land Papers, vol. viii. p. 322 ; Report 

ruary, John Evelyn describes him as xiv. App. ii. pp. 509, 512,513; Lysons's 

" not yet eighteen years old. " (Diary.) Environs of London, vol. i. p. 782. All 

He was, however, married in 1691, the evidence is printed in Howell's 

and presumably of full age when sum- State Trials, vol. xii. pp. 949-1050. 

moned to Parliament in October 1695. Macaulay gives a short but character- 

(Parliamentary Pawns, P. R. O.) istic sununary of it. ( History of 

' The article in the Dictionary oj England, chapter xiv.) 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 491 

attend. Carts and drays were forbidden to move between 
Charing Cross and Old Palace Yard between six o'clock in 
the morning and nine o'clock in the evening of the day- 
fixed for the opening of the trial. ^ 

On the 31st of January 1693, the Lieutenant of the 
Tower conveyed his prisoner to Westminster, preceded by 
a porter carrying a bare axe. The formal, though minute, 
record of the proceedings does not of course mention the fact 
that the King was one of the spectators until three o'clock. ^ 
Speeches by counsel, the examination of witnesses, and a 
consultation with the judges necessitated several adjourn- 
ments, but on the 4th of February the Lords gave their 
opinions one by one, sixty-nine voting for an acquittal and 
fourteen for a conviction. ' The Lord High Steward, who 
had received prodigious remuneration for presiding on the 
occasion, then broke his staff, in token that his functions 
were ended. Lord Mohun's acquittal was largely due to 
" commiseration for his youth. " * According to the wits of 
the day, there was nothing fair about the trial except the 
bevy of fashionable ladies in the gallery. 

The solemn proceedings in Westminster Hall did not 
sober Lord Mohun's unruly spirit. Under the date of 
Saturday the 6th of October 1694, we read : — 

" On Sunday last, the Lord Mohun attempting to kill a coach- 
man in the Pall Mall, and Mr. Scobell, a Cornish Member of 
Parliament, preventing him, his Lordship cutt Mr. Scobell over 
the head and after sent him a challenge. " ^ 

While serving in the army in Flanders, Lord Mohun 
presumably kept the peace with his brother officers, but 
under date of the 8th of April 1697 we read : — 

" Wensday night, the Lord Mohun and Captain Bingham 
fought in St. James' Park : the former was wounded in the 
hand : they were parted by the centinells. " ^ 

Lord Mohun's next encounter, five months later, had 
more serious consequences. Under date of the i6th of 
September 1697 we read : — 

' Lords' Journals, vol. xv. pp. 184, State Trials, vol. xii. 

196, 202, 206, 210, 214 etc. ■• Evelyn's Diary. 

' Luttrell's Brief Relation, vol. iii. -^ Luttrell's Brief Relation, vol. iii. 

p. 26. p. 381. 

' Lords' Journals, vol. xv ; Howell's * Ibid. vol. iv. p. 207. 



492 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

" On Tuesday night, the Lord Mohun and several gentlemen 
drinking in the Rummer tavern at Charing Cross, some words 
arose between his Lordship and Captain Hill of the Foot 
Guards, who thereupon was stabbed by the former, and is since 
dead. " ' 

The coroner's inquest found Lord Mohun guilty of 
manslaughter, but the grand jury of Middlesex found a bill 
against him for murder. ^ On his petition to the House of 
Lords, he was removed from the King's Bench Prison to the 
Tower, where his behaviour was such that the Lieutenant 
was forced to put him in close confinement. ^ Falling ill 
there, he was released on bail, and on the 2nd of July 1698 
he obtained a formal pardon from the King. Two days 
later, he took his seat in the House of Lords. * 

Once more, in 1699, was Lord Mohun committed to the 
Tower on a charge of murder, the victim this time being 
Captain Richard Coote. Another trial in Westminster Hall 
followed, and, although the proceedings had not the interest 
of novelty, the King and many other important personages 
attended. ^ On this occasion, the prisoner was acquitted by 
a unanimous vote of his peers. His own words of acknow- 
ledgement have been recorded, ending : — 

" I will endeavour to make it the business of the future part 
of my life so to behave myself in my conversation in the 
world as to avoid all things that may bring me under any such 
circumstances as may expose me to the giving your Lordships 
any trouble of this nature for the future." * 

After this, there was considerable amendment. Lord 
Mohun took to politics, became a frequenter of the Kit Cat 
Club, and a prominent member of the Whig party in the 
House of Lords. Still the old reputation of a ferailleur 
stuck to him, and when the Duke of Marlborough, in May 
1 7 12, resolved to send a challenge to Earl Poulett, he 
chose Lord Mohun as his envoy. ' Less than six months 
afterwards. Lord Mohun himself was a principal in one of 
the most famous duels that have ever been fought in 

' LuttrcU's Brief Relation, vol. iii. 341. 

p. 278. ^ Luttrell's Brief Relation, vol. iv. 

» Ibid. pp. 280, 296, 303. pp. 499- 500. 

' Ibid. pp. 318, 329; Lords' Journals, ® Howell, p. 1060. 

vol. xvi. pp. 179, 211. ' Hist. MSS. Comm. Report \'\. App, 

* Lords' Journals, vol. xvi. pp. 263, v. p. 309. 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 493 

England. His adversary, the Duke of Hamilton, was a 
leading Tory, about to go to Paris as ambassador. There 
had been interminable litigation between them about the 
estate of the Earl of Macclesfield, and the fatal quarrel arose 
out of strong language used by Lord Mohun in the course 
of the proceedings. 

The story is too long to be told here in detail.^ Suffice 
it to say that the duel took place in Hyde Park at seven 
o'clock on the morning of the 15th of November 17 12, 
when the two noblemen fought " like enraged lions. " 
Mohun was the first to fall, mortally wounded, but, accord- 
ing to the accepted version of the affair, he had sufficient 
strength to retaliate with a fatal thrust. The Tories 
preferred to believe that the Duke was killed by Mohun's 
second, who fled the country.^ There is a considerable 
amount of controversial literature on the subject. Lord 
Mohun's body was conveyed to his lodging in Marlborough 
Street, and he was buried at St. Martin's in the Fields ten 
days later. In him the main line of the Cornish Mohuns 
came to an end. Philippa, Lady Mohun had the perhaps 
unique experience of losing her husband and her son 
through duels. It is doubtful whether she grieved much 
for either. ^ 

The last Lord Mohun was married twice. In the sum- 
mer of 1 69 1, when he was barely seventeen years of age, 
he took to wife Charlotte daughter and heiress of James 
Mainwaring and grand-daughter of the Earl of Macclesfield. 
According to tradition : — 

" He had only one daughter, whom he never owned, and he 
lived several years separated from his wife. He had the good 
fortune, however, to get rid of her at last, she being drowned 
in a passage to Ireland with one of her gallants, about six or 
seven years before his own death. " * 

By a will dated the 23rd of March 17 10, Lord Mohun 
left 100/. to Elizabeth, his " pretended daughter " by his 
first wife. "" The date of this daughter's birth is at present 

' Summaries of the evidence given Report on Portland Papers, vol. v. p. 26. 

as to the facts are printed in the Pali- ^ Lords' Journals, vol. xii. p. 17. 

tical State for i']i2, and Hist. MSS. ^ Gilbert's History of Cornwall, vol. 

Comm. Report xi. App. v. pp. 31 1-3 14. i. p. 67. 

■^ Dictionary of National Biography, * Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. 

vol. xxxiv. p. 444 ; Hist. MSS. Comm. v. p. 10. 



494 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

unknown, but, as her parents were not divorced, she must 
assuredly be reckoned legitimate. In June 171 7, she 
married Arthur St. Leger, afterwards Viscount Doneraile. 
That she herself was in no way ashamed of her birth is 
tolerably clear from the fact that her eldest son was baptized 
by the names of * Arthur Mohun. ' ^ 

At some unknown date, Lord Mohun married secondly 
Elizabeth relict of Colonel Edward Griffith, and daughter 
of Thomas Lawrence, physician at the court of Queen 
Anne. To her he bequeathed almost all his property, real 
and personal. In 17 17, she sold the Cornish estate, sub- 
ject to some temporary charges, to Thomas Pitt, ex-governor 
of Madras, who had recently obtained a great price for his 
famous diamond. Paying 53,000/. for Boconnoc and all that 
went with it, he was considered to have made a very good 
bargain. ^ About the same time, Lady Mohun married 
thirdly Charles Mordaunt, nephew of the Earl of Peter- 
borough, a man much younger than herself. Her letters 
show her to have been a lady with some literary aspirations. ' 
She died in the spring of 1725. 

A younger branch of the Mohuns of Boconnoc inherited 
the Trencreke estate in the parish of Creed in Cornwall, 
and resided at Luny in the parish of St. Ewe. William 
Mohun, probably son of Nathaniel Mohun mentioned 
above (p. 483), married Dorothy daughter of Sir John 
Trelawny, bart. * They had issue Warwick and Delia. 

Warwick Mohun, son of William, was baptized at St. 
Ewe on the 8th of December 1668. In December 1704, 
he married Anne Addis at Stoke Damarel. She seems to 
have died in January 17 14, he surviving until October 
1733. Warwick and John Mohun, buried respectively in 
1 7 14 and 1 7 19, may have been two of their children. ^ 
Their eldest son William matriculated at Exeter College, 
Oxford, in 1723. In the church of St. Ewe there is a 
monument in memory of William Mohun, Esq. " the last 

' Lodge's Peerage of Ireland, (ed. vol. i. pp. 7, 94, 99. 

Archdall) vol. vi. p. 121. '' She is called 'Jane' in Gilbert's 

* Hist. MSS. Comm. Report xiii. History of Cornwall, vo\. i. p. 255. 

App. iii. pp. 62, 69, 70, 88; Gilbert's ^ Vi\ia.n's Visitation of Cornwall, 1620 

History of Cornwall, vol. i. p. 67. p. 146. 

' Letters of the Countess of Snffolk, 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 495 

of that ancient name and noble family, " who died on the 
2nd of December 1737, aged thirty-two. It was put up by 
his widow Sibella, sister of Thomas Trefusis of Penryn, 
and his only sister Elizabeth, widow of James Prowse of 
Key ford in Somerset. ^ The former afterwards married 
John Derbyshire Birkhead. ^ This William Mohun may 
have been the last male representative of the Cornish branch 
of the family, but, as has been seen above, Robert Mohun 
of Fleet in Dorset survived until 1758. 

Various parish registers in Cornwall record the births, 
marriages and deaths of persons named Mohun or Moon, 
who may have been of legitimate origin, although of humble 
station. ^ 

John Mohun of South Petherton, the owner of a tobacco 
plantation in Virginia in 1675, seems to have been in some 
way connected with the Cornish branch of the family, as 
his brother bore the uncommon name of Warwick. * 

The Heralds' Visitation of Hertfordshire in 1572 pro- 
fesses to record four generations of a family named Mohun, 
then resident at Aldenham in that county. It begins with 
a certain Edmond Mohun " of Mohun (sic) in Cornwall. " 



The Mohuns of Tavistock. ^ 

According to a pedigree entered in the Heralds' Visitation 
of Devon in 1620, Thomas Mohun of Tavistock then living 
was son of Thomas, son of Thomas, serjeant-at-arms to 
Henry the Eighth, son of Thomas, son of Thomas, son of 
Lawrence one of the younger sons of Sir John Mohun of 
Dunster, who is otherwise known to have died in 1330. It 
is, however, very unlikely that six generations covered three 
centuries. 

Thomas Mohun, the serjeant-at-arms, married Agnes 

' Rogers Sepulchral Effigies, p. 329. '' This section is founded upon the 

* Gilbert's//75/ory o/CorMt4;a//, vol.i. pedigrees given in Vivian's Visitations 
p. 8. 0/ Devon (pp. i, 12, 168, 321, 566, 574, 

^Vivizn'sVisitcxtioti of Cornwall, 1620. 712), which furnish some particulars 

* Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. i. not to be found in the original MS. 
P-77- 



496 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. a. 

daughter of William Amadas, who married secondly Thomas 
Stoford of Dolton, thirdly John Charles, and fourthly 
William Abbot of Hartland, who died in 1570. 

Thomas Mohun, son of Thomas and Agnes, married Joan 
daughter of William Kedley (or Ridley) alias Pointer, and 
had issue : — 

Thomas, heir to his father. 

Charles, who died without issue. 

Eleanor, married firstly to Thomas Harris and secondly 

to William Grafton. 
Joan, married firstly to Richard Edgcumbe, secondly to 
Christopher Wolridge, thirdly to Erasmus Drewe, 
and fourthly to Alexander Maine. 
Denise, married firstly to Ralph Taylor and secondly 

to John Eliot. 
Dorothy, married to William Carden. 
Anne. 

Thomas Mohun, son of Thomas and Joan, living in 
1620, married firstly Grace, daughter of Richard Singleton 
of Truro, and by her had issue : — 

Thomas, born about 1600. He had a son Reynold, 

who was baptized in August 1628. 
William, born about 1607. 
Peter, of Cheriton Fitzpaine, born about 1609, and 

died in 1654, when his wife Joan was living. 
Frances, born about 1598, married in May t6i6 to 

William Moore. She died in 1671. 
Denise, born about 1604. 
He married secondly, in October 1614, Joan daughter of 
John Harris and had issue : — 

Ellis, baptized on the 6th of August 1615. 

Edward, born about 1617. 

John, baptized on the 26th of April 1621. 

Richard, baptized on the 30th of April 1628. 

Grace, baptized on the 28 th of September 1616, buried 

in April following. 
Alice, baptized on the 19th of December 161 8. 
Elizabeth, baptized on the 19th of March 1623. 



APP. A. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 497 

Some Mohuns, not placed. 

There are occasional notices of persons bearing the name 
of Mohun who cannot with certainty be placed in the 
pedigree of any particular branch of the family. The 
following list, arranged locally, is not of course complete : — 

Watch ET, co. Somerset, seven miles from Dunster. 
Circa 1230, John son of Richard de Moyon. ^ 

FiFEHEAD, CO. Dorset, five miles from Ham Mohun. 
1268 and 1277, William son of Richard de Mohun. ^ 
1346, John, son of Richard, son of William de Mohun. ^ 

Adbeer, CO. Somerset, on the border of Dorset, some 
fourteen miles from Fifehead. 1274, William de Mohun.* 
1299, Isabel late the wife of Richard de Mohun. ^ I303> 
Geoffrey de Mohun." 1307, Geoffrey de Mohun and 
Nicholas de Mohun. ^ 131 1> Geoffrey de Mohun and 
Margaret his wife, and Nicholas his brother, in an entail. ^ 

East Camel, co. Somerset, three miles from Adbeer. 
13 13, Geoffrey de Mohun and Margaret his wife. ^ 

West Camel, adjoining. 1286, Andrew, Geoffrey, 
Richard, Arnald, John and Thomas de Moun. ^^ 

WiNTERBouRNE, CO. Glouc. 1 3 1 6, Gcoffrey de Mohun. " 

Carhampton, CO. Somerset, adjoining Dunster. 13 13, 
William de Mohun. ^^ 1704, Margaret Mohun, spinster. ^^ 

PusLiNCH, CO. Devon. 1428, William Mohun. ^* i47i> 
William Mohun died, leaving two daughters. ^^ 

Retford, co. Nottingham. 13 10, William de Mohun. ^^ 

RousTON, CO. Lincoln. 1305, Richard de Mohun. '^ 

1274, Robert de Mohun, a monk of Croyland. ^^ 

1288, 1293, John de Mohun, a Knight Templar. ^^ 

' D.C.M. XXXII. 2. 13 Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. i. 

* Assize Rolls, no. 202, m. 13 ; no. p. 7y. 

1236, m. Id. 14 Feudal Aids, vol. i. p. 494. 

^ Placita de Banco, no. 348, ni. 170. '^ jnq. post mortem, 11 Edw. IV 

* Inq. post mortem, C. Edw. I. 2 (7). no. 33 ; Pole's Collections, p. 306. 

» Assize Roll, no. 1315, m. 20. '^Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1307- 

^ Feudal Aids, vol. iv. pp. 316, 338. 1 ^i 7, p. 298. 

^ Assize Roll, no. 1336, m. 3. ^ ^'' Ibid. 1301-1307, p. 360. 

8 Feet of Fines, Somerset, 4 Edw. II. >« Calendar of Close Rolls, 1272-1270 

» Assize Roll, no. 1357, m. I9(/. p. 117. ' 

'0 Assize Roll, no. 1273, m. 24^. is Ibid. i2SS-i2g6, pp. 289, 339 ; Cal- 

" Feudal Aids, vol. ii. p. 269. endar of Patent Rolls, 1202-1 wi p 41 

'^ D.C.M. xvii. I. 7 .^ ) t- T • 



APPENDIX B. 

The Arms and Seals of the Mohuns. 



Although various charters of the early lords of Dunster 
have been printed, most of them are known only from 
medieval transcripts ; none are authenticated by their original 
seals, which would presumably have been of the equestrian 
type. There is even some uncertainty as to the arms borne 
by the Mohuns in the early part of the thirteenth century. 
The important heraldic document known as ' Glover's 
Roll,' dating from the period between 1240 and 1245, 
credits Reynold de Mohun with a very simple bearing : — 
Gules a maunch argent. On the other hand the Register of 
Newenham Abbey states that the arms of the founder, this 
Reynold, were : — 

" De goules les escu ove la manche dargent ermyne e en la mayn de 
argent une floret e de or. " ' 

In modern heraldic language, the arms of the Mohuns of 
Dunster, in the second half of the thirteenth century, and 
of some cadet branches of the family may be blazoned as: — 
Gules a dexter arm habited with a maunch ermine.^ the hand 
argent holding a fleur-de-lys or. 

To account for the supposed addition of the hand and 
fleur-de-lys to the original bearing of a plain maunch, two 
ingenious theories have been put forward, one in the four- 
teenth century, the other in the nineteenth. According to 
Walter de la Hou, Abbot of Newenham, Reynold de Mohun 
added a fleur-de-lys to his arms, in allusion to a golden rose 
given to him by the Pope. ^ The connexion between these 
two flowers is not, however, obvious. The modern theory 

' Arundel MS. 17, f. 38^. » See above, p. 23. 



SEALS 1-3. 





Sir Reynold de Mohun 
d. 1258. 



John de Mohun. 




Sir Reynold de Mohun. 
d. 1258. 



APP. B. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 499 

is even less tenable. We are gravely told that " the fleur- 
de-lys was added either by John de Mohun or his son, 
after the marriage of the former with the heiress Joan de 
Aguylon, when the bearing of her family was combined 
with the Mohun maunch. " ^ In refutation of this, it is 
sufficient to observe that the fleur-de-lys was unquestionably 
borne by Reynold de Mohun, the father of John, and that 
" the heiress Joan " did not marry Robert Aguylon until 
after the death of her first husband, John de Mohun. 

There are extant impressions of two different seals of 
Reynold de Mohun the Second, mentioned above. One of 
these, attached to an undated charter, bears the device of a 
sinister arm, the hand holding a fleur-de-lys. The legend, 
almost illegible in parts, seems to be : — " [nulla] sunt que 
MALO [tenere.] " (No. i). ^ The deed is clearly anterior 
to 1258, and the use of black-letter minuscules on a seal of 
this early date is remarkable. The other seal is strictly 
heraldic, a right hand holding a fleur-de-lys and issuing out 
of a maunch being placed on a well-shaped shield. The 
legend, boldly cut, is: — " sigill. reginaldi de moun. " 
(No. 2). ' 

The Register of Newenham Abbey states that William 
de Mohun, brother of the founder, Reynold, bore for 
arms : — 

*' Les escu de goules o'^e la manche de argent ermyne e croizeles. " * 

This certainly confirms the idea that there was no fleur- 
de-lys or hand on the shield of his father. If, however, 
these charges were added to it by his brother, it is difficult 
to account for their presence in the shield of the Mohuns 
of Ham Mohun, who descended from his great-uncle. 

Sir William de Mohun, son of Reynold de Mohun by 
his second wife, bore : — Gules a maunch argent with a label 
azure. ^ Unless the label were placed upon the maunch, 
there was colour upon colour, in violation of the rule 
generally followed. The grandson of this Sir William de 

' Hutchins's i//5/on' o/Dorsfc'/, vol. i. another impression in Mr. Bloom's 

p. 272 ; Planche's Pursuivant of Arms, List of the Charters of Lord Willoughby 

p. 169. de Broke. 

- D.C.M. XXVI. I. " Arundel MS. 17, f. 38rf. 

^ D.C.M. XXVI. I. There is an en- ^ Arcluvologia, vol. xxxi.\. p. 423. 
larged photographic reproduction of 



500 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. b. 

Mohun, who died in 1394 without issue, is said to have 
bequeathed his mother's property to his half-brother, John 
Carew, with an injunction to quarter her arms. The Mohun 
maunch on the shield of the Carews of Ottery Mohun 
consequently represents succession to an inheritance, without 
relationship in blood. ^ 

The third seal figured opposite is that of John son of 
Richard de Moyon, who had land at Watchet in the early 
part of the reign of Henry the Third. His exact relation- 
ship to the lord of Dunster is not known. The seal bears 
the device of an eagle displayed, and the legend around it is 
simply : — " sic. johis filii ricardi. " ^ 

Eleanor wife of Sir William Martin, and relict of the 
Sir John de Mohun of Dunster who died in 1279, had a 
seal showing three shields : — two bars and a label, for 
Martin ; a hand issuing from a maunch and holding a fleur- 
de-lys, for Mohun ; and three lions rampant, for Fitzpiers. ^ 

For some reason entirely unknown, her eldest son, Sir 
John de Mohun, lord of Dunster, abandoned the paternal 
arms and adopted a different shield. The Register of 
Newenham Abbey says of him : — 

" The same John de Moun the Third changed the ancient 
arms of those who were wont to bear an ermined maunch. 
This John the Third bore a golden shield with a black 
cross engrailed. " * 

The change must have been made at a fairly early period 
of his life. In the list of English knights who were at the 
siege of Carlaverock Castle, in 1300, we read : — 

" jfaune crois noire engrelee 
La portoit John de Mooun." ^ 

Another roll, somewhat later gives his arms as : — " De or 
a une crois engrele de sableT ^ The seal of this John de 
Mohun, attached to the famous letter of the English earls 
and barons to Pope Boniface the Eighth gives his new 
shield, with a lion on either side and an eagle above. The 
legend around is : — " s. johanis de moun. " (No. 4.) ' 

* r/ic i4 Hces^or, vol. V. p. 44. * Nicolas's SzVy^e o/Car/at'crocfc. 

* D.C.M. XXXII. 2. ^ Palgrave's Parliamentary Writs, 

* Nicolas's Sicfic of Carlaverock, p. vol. i. p. 410. 

159. ^ There is a photographic reproduc- 

* Archceological Journal, vol. xxxvii. tion of it in The Ancestor, vol. vii. p. 251. 
p. 89. 



SEALS 4-7. 





Sir John de Moluiii. 
d. 1330. 



Sir John de Mohun. 
d. 1375- 




6. 
Joan, Lady de Mohun. 
d. 1404. 




Philippa, Lady Fitzwalter. 
d. 1431. 



APP. B. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 501 

The Augustinian Priory of Bruton and the Cistercian 
Abbey of Newenham alike followed the example of Sir 
John de Mohan by taking for their arms : — Or a cross 
engrailed sal?Ie. ^ Nevertheless the ancient arms of Mohun 
are still visible on the parapet of Axminster Church, close 
to the ruins of Newenham, and there is a quaint version of 
them on a bell cast for Bruton Church shortly before the 
expulsion of the canons in the reign of Henry the Eighth. "^ 

Sir John de Mohun the Fourth, who died in the lifetime 
of his father, bore at the battle of Boroughbridge in 1322, 
a shield thus blazoned : — 

" Dor ove j croiz engrele de sable ovec j label de gul. " ^ 

Sir John de Mohun the Fifth and last bore on his seal a 
cross which might be described as * lozengy.' The legend 

is : " SIGILLUM JOHANNIS DE MOUN. " (No. 5.) * The 

receipt given by his relict to Lady Luttrell, the purchaser 
of the Castle of Dunster and all that went with it, bears 
a seal showing the arms of Mohun and Burghersh, impaled 
in the old manner by being placed side by side on separate 
shields. The legend is : — " s. johanne de moun. " (No. 6.) ''^ 
In a register of Christ Church, Canterbury, preserved in the 
British Museum, the arms of this lady are given on a 
quarterly shield, those of Mohun occupying the first and 
fourth places, and those of Burghersh the second and third, 
contrary to modern practice. ^ Her arms and those of her 
nearest relations are to be seen at Canterbury. 

Lady FitzWalter, afterwards Duchess of York, daughter 
and coheiress of the last Mohun of Dunster, used a seal on 
which the arms of her husband are impaled with her own 
in modern style, save that they are on a shield instead of a 
lozenge. The legend is : — " sigillum philipp[e l]e ffitz 
WAUTER. " (No. 7.) ^ The arms of Mohun, Fitz Walter, 
Golafre and Plantagenet are to be seen on her monument 
in Westminster Abbey. 

The Mohuns of Ham Mohun, who branched off from 
the Mohuns of Dunster as far back as the twelfth century, 

' There are rough woodcuts of the vol. ii. part 2, p. 198. 
seals of three Abbots of Newenham in * D.C.M. xxiv. i. 

T>^v\A'son'?,History of Newenham Abbey. ^ Page 53 above. 

' Eilacombc's Church Bells, pi. iv. ^ Arundel MS. 68, f. 59. 

^ Palgrave's Parliamentary Writs, ' D.C.M. xvii. i. 



502 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. b. 

bore arms very similar to those of the parent stock, but 
with the tinctures reversed, that is to say Ermine a dexter 
arm habited in a maunch gules^ the hand proper holding a 
fleur-de-lys or. These arms were quartered by their 
descendants, the Trenchards of Wolveton. ^ 

Among the different families that claimed descent from 
the Sir John de Mohun of Dunster who discarded the 
maunch in favour of the cross there was no uniformity in 
the matter of armorial bearings. 

A seal of Maximilian Mohun of Fleet, affixed to a docu- 
ment of the year 1599, shows the maunch within a bordure 
charged with crosses. ^ The normal arms of his family, 
however, were gules a dexter arm habited in a maunch 
ermine^ the hand proper holding a fleur-de-lys or, within a 
bordure argent^ with a crescent of the same on the field. 
These arms are to be seen in Fleet Church impaled with 
those of Hyde, on the brass in memory of Margaret Mohun, 
who died in 1603. The same arms, quartered with those 
of Hyde and impaled with those of Churchill, are on the 
brass in memory of her son, Maximilian Mohun, mentioned 
above. They are duly entered, with a maunch for crest, in 
the Heralds' Visitation of Dorset. In the chapel at Lytescary 
in Somerset, the arms of Lyte, gules a chevron between three 
swans argenty are impaled with those of Mohun of Fleet. 
The last surviving member of the family, Judith Worral, 
had a cornelian seal (now in my possession) showing her 
paternal arms on an inescutcheon. 

The Mohuns of Tavistock, who claimed descent from 
Lawrence the son of Sir John de Mohun of Dunster, bore 
for arms. Or a cross engrailed sable^ with a mullet as a mark 
of cadency. ^ 

Sir Reynold de Mohun, the founder of the Cornish 
branch of the family is described as bearing the ancient 
arms : — " de goules ove une maunche d'ermyn " about the 
year 1337, that is to say after the death of his father who 
had abandoned them. * His descendants, however, the 
Mohuns of Hall and Boconnoc, bore the engrailed cross, 

' Two Tudor Books of Arms (ed. Fos- p. 555. 

ter), p. 163 ; Hutchins's History of Dor- * Visitation of Devon, 

set, vol. ii. pp. 547-551. * Collectanea Topof^raphicact Genea- 

* Municipal Records of Dorchester, logica, vol. ii. p. 326. 



APP. B. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 503 

and used the maunch as a crest only. In the church of 
Lanteglos by Fowey there is a great display of Mohun 
heraldry, mostly dating from the reign of James the First. 
One of the shields has fourteen quarterings : — Mohun, 
Briwere, Fleming, Marshal, Clare, Macmurrough, Giffard, 
FitzWilliam, Courtenay, Redvers, Carminow, Horsey, 
Turges and Maubank. ^ 

The Mohuns of Aldenham in Hertfordshire, although 
perhaps descended from the Mohuns of Cornwall, bore 
the ermine maunch with the hand and the fleur-de-lys. 
The same arms are also registered in the office of Ulster 
King of Arms. 

Some Moones, Mounes, and Moynes are credited in Burke's 
General Armory with a maunch, and others with a cross 
engrailed, but they are not definitely located, and their right 
to either bearing is open to question. So far as is known, 
no cadet branch of the baronial family which once owned 
Moyon in Normandy and Dunster in Somerset survived 
the eighteenth century. 

' Hamilton Rogers, Sepulchral Effigies, pp. 1 15-120. 



APPENDIX C. 

The Luttrells of Irnham in Lincolnshire. 



Sir GeoFFREY Luttrell, the eldest son of Sir Andrew, 
was born before the year 1235.^ From his father he re- 
ceived a grant of the manor of Hooton Paynell, presumably 
at the time of his marriage, and, in 1254, he obtained royal 
sanction for a market and fair there. ^ Soon after the battle 
of Lewes in 1264, he was one of the knights entrusted 
with the defence of Windsor Castle. ^ On the death of his 
father in the following year, he did homage to the King for 
lands held in chief then descending to him, apparently the 
manor of Irnham, the original Luttrell estate in Notting- 
hamshire being on a different footing. ^ Soon after this, 
however, he became incapable of managing his own affairs. 
In March 1266 therefore, the care of him was committed to 
his brother Alexander, and that of his children to their 
maternal grandfather, William de Grey. ^ Alexander Lut- 
trell is stated to have treated him well and to have paid 
most of the debts that he had contracted. '^ He died in or 
before February 1270. ^ He had issue, with two daughters, 
whose names are not recorded, two sons, Robert and 
Andrew. ^ 

Sir Robert Luttrell, his successor, was under age in 
1276. ^ In the following year, however, he was summoned 
to do military service in Scotland, and he was afterwards 

1 Calendar of Inquisitions, vol. i. p. 425. 

pp. 192, 195. * Patent Roll, 50 Hen. III. m. 25. 

« Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1247- « Ibid. 54 Hen. III. m. 8. 

12^S, p. 324. ^ Close Roll, 54 Hen. III. 

^ Patent Roll, 48 Hen. III. part, i, " Inq. post mortem, 25 Edw. I. no.51. 

mm. II, 10, 9. ' Rotiili Hnndredoritm, vol. i. p. 109. 

* Excerpta e Rotulis Finiuni, vol. ii. 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 505 

required to take part in other expeditions/ In 1295, he 
received writs of summons to two Parliaments. ^ If there 
were any proof of his attendance — and there is no reason to 
suppose that he did not attend — his heir general in the 
twentieth century might claim the title of * Lord Luttrell. ' ^ 
Although Sir Robert Luttrell held the Paynell inheritance 
by barony, it is remarkable to find him described, in 1285, 
as ' Baro de Luterell. '* He died in or before June 1297. ^ 
Joan his relict was in possession of some of his property in 
Nottinghamshire as late as 1316.'^ He had issue at least 
three sons and four daughters : — 
Geoffrey, heir to his father. 

Guy, who married a wife named Margaret, and had 
issue John, Robert, Guy, Thomas, Joan, and Eliza- 
beth. 
Andrew, rector of Bridgeford in 1323.^ He must not 
be confounded with his contemporary Andrew Lut- 
trell, burgess of Nottingham, who had a wife named 
Joan. ^ John Luttrell, a theologian of some note. 
Chancellor of the University of Oxford in 131 7, is 
known to have been a bastard. ^ 
Margery, a Cistercian nun at Hampole in Yorkshire. 
Lucy, a nun at the same place. 
Aubrey. 
Elizabeth. '^ 

Sir Geoffrey Luttrell, born in 1276, succeeded his 
father, Sir Robert, in 1297.^^ In the course of the next 
twenty-five years, he received numerous writs calling him 
to do military service, but he was never summoned to 
Parliament. ^^ The explanation of this must be left to those 

* Palgrave's Parliamentary Writs, ^ Stevenson's Records of Nottiiigliain, 
voL i. p. 719. vol. i. pp. 380, 384, 388, 400, 401. John 

* Ibid. pp. 29, 31, 35. Luttrell of Nottingham may have been 

* Palmer's Peerage Law in England, their son. Ibid. pp. 170, 369, 407. 

p. 38. 9 Calendar of Papal Letters, vol. i. 

* Kirkby's Inquest (Surtees Society), p. 616 ; Dictionary of National Bio- 
p. 23. gf^pf'y, vol. xxxiv. p. 296. 

* Inq. post mortem, 25 Edw. I. ^'' Vettista Mouuinenta, \o\.vi. p. ^. 
no. 35. 1' Inq. post mortem, 25 Edw, I. no. 

* Calendar of Close Rolls, 12(^7-1302, 35 ; Calendar of Close Rolls, 1296-1302, 
p. 64 ; Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1313- p. 70. 

'5'^7)P-37o l^''"^^^^-^''^^, vol. iv. p. 104. '^Palgrave's Parliamentary Writs, 

' Heralds' College MS. Picture of vol. ii. pp. 1 127, 1128. 
Our Lady, f. 776. 



m 



5o6 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

who hold that medieval peerages were strictly hereditary. 
Sir Geoffrey Luttrell married Agnes daughter of Sir Richard 
of Sutton. In 131 8, after she had borne him several children, 
the manor of Irnham was settled upon him and her for their 
lives, so that she would have enjoyed it if she had survived 
her husband. ^ Many years later, however, it was found 
that they were related in the third and fourth degrees of 
kindred. ^ Recourse was therefore had to the Pope, who 
ordered the Archbishop of York to give them the necessary 
dispensation and to pronounce their children legitimate. ^ 
It is difficult to account for the long interval that elapsed 
between the issue of the papal bull and that of the final 
document, in January 1334.* 

Sir Geoffrey Luttrell is chiefly to be remembered as the 
person who caused the preparation of the Luttrell Psalter, 
justly famous for its illustrations of social life in the middle 
of the fourteenth century. He himself figures in two of 
the illuminations. In one of these he is represented on 
horseback, preparing for a tournament, with the assistance of 
his wife and his daughter-in-law, Beatrice Luttrell, all three 
resplendent in heraldic attire. In the other, he is shown 
seated at the high table of his hall, in company with his 
wife, three other members of his household, and two Black 
Friars. The preparation of his dinner in the kitchen is 
admirably depicted in the margin of the adjoining page. 
Chivalry, sports, domestic scenes and husbandry are alike 
illustrated in the pages of this precious manuscript. ^ 

Lady Luttrell died in June 1339 °'* i340-* ^^•' husband, 
surviving, made a will on the 3rd of April 1345, a few 
weeks before his own death, bequeathing various sums of 
money to no less than sixteen of his relations, some of them 
members of religious communities, to his chaplain, his 
confessor, his chief esquire, his chamberlain, his gentle- 

' Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1317- some of the subjects have been repro- 

1321, p. 244. duced by photographic processes in 

* See page 169 above. various books, notably in the illustrated 
' Calendar of Papal Letters, vol. ii. edition of Social England (vol. i. pp. 

p. 368. 642, 649, 658, 659, 689 ; vol. ii. pp. 132, 

* Stapleton's Holy Trinity, York 133, 483, 761, 785, 786,) and in the 
(Archaeological Institute), pp. 161-163. second part of the publications of the 

'■> Six large plates engraved by Basire New Paleographical Society, 

accompany Kokevvode's account of the ** Inq. post mortem, 19 Edw. III. 

Luttrell Psalter printed in Vetusta no. 48. 
Monumenta, vol. vi. In recent years, 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 507 

women and others. The largest bequests were, however, 
those to works of religion and charity. His funeral at 
Irnham was to be conducted on a very sumptuous scale. 
Wax candles to the value of 20/. were to burn around his 
corpse. Twenty quarters of wheat and twenty of malt, and 
wine, spices and other condiments to the value of 20/. were 
to be provided for friends attending the service. A sum of 
no less than 200/. was to be distributed among the poor, in 
three instalments within a month. The beggars of the 
parish were also to have forty quarters of wheat, and on the 
anniversary a further sum of 20/. was to be given to the 
poor praying for him. For the first five years after his 
death, twenty chaplains were to say masses for his soul in 
the church of Irnham, dividing between them a hundred 
marks a year. ^ 

Sir Geoffrey Luttrell died on the 23rd of May 1345, 
and was buried at Irnham, where a large canopied monument, 
elaborately carved in stone, shows the arms of Luttrell and 
Sutton. ^ He had issue four sons and two daughters : — 
Robert (i), living in 13 18, but dead in 1320.^ 
Andrew, heir to his father. 

Geoffrey, espoused when a mere child to Constance 
daughter of Sir Geoffrey Scrope, sister of his elder 
brother's wife. * 
Robert (2), a Knight of the Hospital of St. John of 

Jerusalem. 
Isabel, a Gilbertine nun. ^ 

Elizabeth, probably the eldest of the children. Having 
been placed in the household of Sir Walter and Lady 
Gloucester, she was ' abducted ' by a clerk named 
John of EUerker, in or before the year 1309. 
Considering her tender age at the time, it is not 
likely that she eloped with him. Nevertheless it 
seems clear that he had matrimonial intentions with 
regard to her, and quite possible that he contrived 
to go through the ceremony of espousal with her. 
The affair naturally created a stir at the time, and it 

' Vetusta Monumenta. 152/, pp. 244, 424. 
'Inq.postmortem.19Edw.III.no. ^ Thoroton's Antiquities of Not- 

48 ; Stapleton, p. 167. tinghamshire, vol. i. p. 1 19. 

' Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1317- ^ Vetusta Moiiuiuciita,\'o\. \\. p. S- 



5o8 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

was only through the intervention of the Bishop of 
Chichester, Chancellor of England, that the hostile 
parties were reconciled. By a document dated at 
Westminster on the last day of June 1309, Ellerker 
undertook that he would not claim Elizabeth as his 
wife in the ecclesiastical court or make any future 
attempt to recover possession of her, binding himself 
by a solemn oath and giving a bond for no less than 
1,000/. ^ Some weeks later, Hugh le Despencer 
obtained for him a formal pardon under the Great 
Seal of England. ^ The girl eventually married 
Walter son of Sir Walter Gloucester, who is de- 
scribed as a minor as late as the year 1313. ^ 

Sir Andrew Luttrell, son and heir of Sir Geoffrey, was 
about thirty-two years at the time of his father's death in 
1345. Being then in Gascony, he received respite from 
the necessity of doing homage to the King for his lands 
held in chief. * Later on, he did the military service exacted 
from persons of his class. In 1362, he granted the manors 
of Bescaby and Saltby in Leicestershire to the Abbot and 
Convent of Croxton, on condition that they should provide 
two chaplains to pray for him and for Henry, Duke of 
Lancaster, deceased.^ Dying in September 1390, he was 
buried at Irnham, where there is a very fine brass in memory 
of him, bearing the following inscription : — 

'' l^tc jacet ®.nbred6 feouttereffus nttfeg, bomtnue be 
3rn^<xin, (\m o6tit t?r. bie ^cpicm^xiB anno ©omini 
miffeBtmo CCC" nona^mmo, cnim iXnimt ptopiiittux 

While a mere child, in or before 1320, Andrew Luttrell 
was espoused to Beatrice daughter of Sir Geoffrey Scrope, 
afterwards Chief Justice of the King's Bench, and in due 
course he married her. ^ At the time of the Jubilee of 
1350, Lady Luttrell had licence to go on pilgrimage to 

' Calendar of Close Rolls, 1307-1313, vol. ix. p. 222. 

p. 160. * Calendar of Close Rolls, 1343-1346, 

■ Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1307- p. 540. 

1313, p. 181. * Inq. ad quod damnum, file 349, 

3 Calendar of Close Rolls, 1323-1327, no. 8. 

p. 162 ; Lincolnshire Notes and Queries, ® Thoroton. 




y^uacrt ilTitoas fouttf Hm\Iefi jusrs^ mhm ^mobxjt V 



SIR ANDREW LUTTRELL. 



App. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 509 

Rome, accompanied by a maid, a chaplain, a yeoman and a 
groom. ^ In 1362, Sir Andrew Luttrell married a second 
wife, Hawis daughter of Sir Philip le Despencer, who 
died in or before 1414, having borne him a son of his own 
name. ^ 

Sir Andrew Luttrell the younger was knighted during 
the lifetime of his father.^ When he succeeded to his 
property, he was upwards of twenty-six years of age. ^ Very 
little is lyiown about him beyond the fact that he married 
Joan daughter of Henry Tailebois. ^ He died on the last 
day of December 1397, leaving issue two children under 
age, Geoffrey and Hawis. ^ 

Sir Geoffrey Luttrell, son and heir of Sir Andrew, was 
about thirteen years old at the time of his father's death. 
His wardship was granted by the King firstly to Oliver of 
Stoneley and secondly to Sir Henry Green. ^ In due course 
he married Mary daughter of the latter, but she bore him 
no children. In 141 1, he was denounced as a disturber of 
the peace in Lincolnshire and an associate of his relation. 
Sir Walter Tailebois, who had lately come into the cathedral 
city with about a hundred and sixty armed horsemen in 
quest of Sir Thomas Chaworth. If the charges brought 
against this couple were well founded, they got off easily by 
giving security for 3,000/. that they would not harm the 
mayor or citizens.^ In 141 7, Sir Geoffrey Luttrell took 
part in an honourable campaign, fighting in France under 
his distant cousin. Sir Hugh Luttrell of Dunster, who 
nominally held the manor of East Quantockshead under 
him by military service. ^ 

By the death of Sir Geoffrey Luttrell in the first week of 
January 141 9, the male line of Luttrells became extinct. 
Hawis, his sister, relict of Sir Thomas Belesby, and wife of 
Sir Geoffrey Hilton, was found to be his heir and about 
twenty-six years of age. ^^ 

' Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1349- 1381, p. 318. 

^554) P- 272; Chronicon Hcnrici ^ Inq. post mortem, 21 Ric. II. no. 37. 

Knighton, vol. i. p. 67. ' Inq. postmortem, I Hen. IV.no. 27. 

^ Inq. post mortem, 14 Ric. II. no. ^ Calendar of Patent Rolls, 14.08- 

32 ; 2 Hen. V. no. 12. 14^3, P- 317- 

^ Close Roll, II Ric. II. ' Accounts, Exchequer K.R. bundle 

* Inq. post mortem, 14 Ric. II. no. 33. 51, no. 2. 

'> Calendar of Patent Rolls, 13"/^- '" Inq. post mortem, 14 Hen. V. no. 6. 



510 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

She died on the 24th of March 1422.^ Her second 
husband survived her son Thomas Belesby, and at his death 
in 1459, the inheritance passed to their son Godfrey Hilton, 
who died in 1472.^ A third Godfrey Hilton died in 1476, 
when the property was divided between his two sisters. ' 
Through the families of Thimelby and Conquest, Irnham 
eventually passed by descent to Maria Christina, Lady 
Arundell of Wardour/ The representation of the main line 
of Luttrell is now vested in Lord Arundell of Wardour and 
Lord Clifford of Chudleigh. 



The Luttrells of East Down in Devonshire and 
Spaxton in Somerset. ^ 

John Luttrell, second son of Sir Hugh Luttrell, K.B., 
has been mentioned already as the lessee of the Priory of 
Dunster and the rectories of Dunster and Kilton, and also 
as the husband for a time of the relict of Robert Loty of 
Lower Marsh. ^ After his divorce from her, he married 
another widow, Elizabeth, daughter of — Reynolds, and relict 
of — Loghene. By a will dated in May 1558 and proved 
five months later, he directed that he should be buried in 
the Lady Chapel at Dunster, which almost adjoined his 
residence. ^ He left issue three sons : — 
Hugh, heir to his father. 
George, buried at Dunster on the 12th of February 

1586. His will was proved at Taunton. 
John, married, on the loth of April 1570, Christine, 
daughter of Robert Gough of Dunster, clothier. ® 
Their only child, Rebecca, baptized in July 1572, 

' Inq. post mortem, i Hen. V. no. 25 not authenticated by specific references 

B ; J Hen. VI. no. 57. arc based upon Narcissus Luttrell's 

' Inq. post mortem, 8 Hen. VI. no. MS. and Vivian's Visitations 0/ Devon. 

35 ; 38 Hen. VI. no. 33 ; 12 Edw. IV. « Pages 133, 409-4U, 413. 420-422, 

no. 30. 424, 461, 462. 

* Inq. post mortem, 16 Edw. IV. no. ' Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. 
I. B. vi. p. 15. 

* Thoroton ; Stapleton, p. 320. ' Ibid. p. 22. 
' Genealogic.il details in this section 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 511 

lived just twelve months. John Luttrell was buried 
on the 2 1 St of April 1580, whereupon his property 
at Dunster, held in burgage, was claimed by his liti- 
gious cousin, George Luttrell of Dunster Castle, as 
an escheat, on the score that he was a bastard. The 
validity of his father's divorce from his first wife may 
have been open to question, but the production of a 
will by which the younger John Luttrell bequeathed 
his house in High Street and an acre of land (called 
Skillacre) to his brother George, sufficed to stop 
any legal proceedings in the matter. ^ Christine 
Luttrell survived her husband only five months, 
being buried on the 29th of August. 

Hugh Luttrell, eldest son of John and Elizabeth Lut- 
trell, lived at Marshwood in the parish of Carhampton. ^ 
Under his father's will, he was to inherit some plate if he 
married Margaret Loghene, but it does not appear that the 
condition was fulfilled. Unless his father was married thrice, 
the lady thus proposed to him as a wife was his own half- 
sister. On the ist of October 1565, he was married at 
East Quantockshead to Philippa, daughter of Robert Opy 
of Bodmin, the lessee of part of Dunster Castle. He was 
buried on the 30th of April 1574, and his relict married 
Edward Stradling.^ She had borne him two sons and three 
daughters: — 

Andrew, heir to his father. 

Thomas, died under age in 1573 or 1574. * 

Cecily, baptized at East Quantockshead on the loth of 
November 1569. 

Margaret, married to Robert Wheddon of Dorset. 

Honour, married at St. Bride's, London, on the 24th 
of May 1606, to Philip Stanton of Kent. 

Andrew Luttrell, son of Hugh, married Susan, daughter 
of Richard Ley of East Down in Devonshire, and settled 
there.* They had issue five sons and four daughters : — 
Edward, heir to his father. 

' Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. ii, no. 41. 

vi. p. 16. ■• Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol, 

^ D.C.M. XX. 6, II, 13. vi. pp. 15, 16. 

^ Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. * Chancery Proceedings, L. 13. no. 68. 
vi. p. 15 ; Chancery Proceedings, Ss. 



512 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

Philip, baptized on the loth of June 1600. 
Andrew, baptized on the 13th of July 1606, and buried 
on the 28th of May 1646. He had issue : — 

Andrew, baptized on the 9th of August 1632, and 

buried on the 23rd of October 1670. 
Francis, baptized on the 12th of May 1634. 
Richard, baptized on the 30th of July 1609, and buried 

on the 15th of April 1613. 
Hugh, baptized on the i ith of January 1 6 1 8. He had 
issue two sons : — 

Hugh, baptized on the 5th of October 1648. 
Andrew, baptized on the 30th of September 1651. 
Both these sons were living in 1671, when Alice 
their mother made a will which was proved 
in the same year at Barnstaple. 
Margaret, baptized on the 28th of June 1601. 
Elizabeth, baptized on the loth of January 1604. 
Susan, baptized on the 5th of April 1612. 
Wilmot, baptized on the 20th of July 1623. 

Edward Luttrell of East Down, eldest son of Andrew, 
was baptized on the 8th of March 1599. From his grand- 
father, Richard Ley, he inherited some land at Winsford. ^ 
In February 1629, he married Frances daughter of Thomas 
CoUard of Spaxton, clothier, and he migrated thither.^ He 
was buried at Spaxton on the 5th of May 1664, and his 
relict was buried there on the 13th of June 1670. They 
had issue three sons and five daughters : — 

Andrew, buried on the 19th of May 1665. His will 

contains a mention of lands in Cornwall.^ 
Thomas, baptized on the 9th of January 1630. He 
had issue a son of the same name, mentioned in the 
will of his grandmother Frances Luttrell, dated 
1670 and proved at Bridgewater in the following 
year. The will of Thomas Luttrell of Clevedon, 
husbandman, dated and proved in 1684, mentions a 
wife Joan, a son Thomas, a daughter Mary, and 
a daughter Prudence Jones. * 

' Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. pp. 138, 224. 

vi. p. 22. ^ Brown's Sow/cr5c/s/;z>e IF///S, vol. ii. 

* Calendar ofS.P. Dom. 1637, p. 467; p. 108. 

1637-1638, pp. 346, 435 ; 1638-1639, * Ibid. 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 513 

Edward, baptized on the 30th of June 1 637, and buried 

on the 1 6th of November 1677. 
Jewell, baptized at Spaxton on the 22nd of May 1631, 

and buried at East Down on the 9th of July. 
Elizabeth, baptized on the 4th of April 1641. 
Millicent, buried on the 23rd of February 1673. 
Joan, baptized on the 30th of July 1 647, married to 

— Brice. 
Frances, married to John Bellamy. 



The Luttrells of Honibere in Somerset and 
Hartland Abbey in Devonshire. ^ 

Nicholas Luttrell, third son of Sir Andrew Luttrell of 

Dunster (p. 141), was born about 1532. Some provision 
was made for him by his father and renewed by his elder 
brother. ^ Under the will of his mother, who died in 1580, 
he should have received money and plate, including a gilt 
cup with a cover bearing the arms of Luttrell and Wynd- 
ham, but, in order to obtain delivery, he had to bring a 
suit against his sister Margaret Edgcumbe and her husband. ^ 
In 1562, he got from the Crown a grant of the manor of 
Honibere in the parish of Lilstock, concerning which he 
had a good deal of litigation. * He was buried at Lilstock 
on the 23rd of March i59i[-2]. A brass memorial ordered 
by his will does not appear to have been made, but there is 
an inscription on stone in memory of him, his wife, his 
mother-in-law, and his grand-daughter. ^ Jane his wife, 
daughter of Christopher Cheverell of Chantmerel in Dorset, 

' Genealogical details in this section no. 9. 
not authenticated by specific references * Patent Roll, 4 Eliz. part. 5: Memo- 
are based upon Narcissus Luttrell's randa Roll, Hilary, 11 Eliz. m. 105 ; 
MS. and Vivian's Visitations of Devon. Feet of Fines, Somerset, Mich. 4 and 
The latter, however, is not free from 5 Eliz.; Chancery Proceedings, LI. 9, 
serious error. no. 25 ; Series II. 114, no. 18 ; 116, 

* Somerset Medieval Wills, vol. iii. no. 13. 

p. 41 ; Chancery Proceedings, LI. 4, '' Inq. post mortem, C. 11. 233 (109); 

no. 5. Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. vi. 

* Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. p. 16. 
vi. p. 15; Chancery Proceedings, LI. 9, 



514 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

survived until the 6th of June 1627. They had issue three 
sons and three daughters : — 

Andrew, heir to his father. 

Thomas, baptized at East Quantockshead on the 15th 
of March 1562. He matriculated at Broadgates 
Hall, Oxford, in 1579, whence he proceeded to 
Gray's Inn. He is described as a counsellor at law 
in 1602, and as living at Whitewyke in Somerset 
two years later. ^ His daughter Mary was buried 
at Lilstock on the 22nd of October 16 12. 

Hugh, of St. Nicholas in the Isle of Wight. He mar- 
ried Margaret, relict successively of Thomas Hobson 
and Richard Fitzjames. She administered to the 
personal estate in 1612, and died in 1627. ^ There 
were two daughters, Oriana, and Mary who married 
— Godfrey. 

Margaret, baptized at East Quantockshead on the 
1 2th of September 1563, married at Dodington, in 
July 1592, to Giles Dodington. 

Eleanor, living in 1588. 

Elizabeth, who predeceased her father and was buried 
in the chancel at Lilstock. 

Andrew Luttrell, eldest son of Nicholas, was born 
about the year 1561. He matriculated at Broadgates Hall, 
Oxford, together with his brother Thomas, in 1579, and 
was afterwards admitted a student of Gray's Inn. In the 
early part of 1583, he married Prudence daughter and 
coheiress of William Abbot, of Hartland Abbey. He con- 
sequently migrated from Somerset to Devon. He was 
buried on the 26th of August 1625, and his relict was 
buried on the 13th of December 1639. They had issue 
six sons and five daughters : — 

Nicholas, heir to his father. 

John, ancestor of the Luttrells of Saunton Court (see 
below). 

Andrew, of Luffincot, baptized on the 14th of May 
1587. He married at Hartland, in October 1609, 

' Chancery Proceedings, li, 3, no. 38; vi. pp. i6, 17; Chancery Proceedings, 
L. 6, no. 26. L. 7. no. 49. 

* Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 515 

Mary daughter of John Punchard of Pilton, and 
had issue three daughters : — Grace, who was born in 
161 5 and died in 1617, and Anne, and Elizabeth, 
who were living in 1633. ^ He died in 1621. 

William, baptized on the 24th of December 1592. 
He married, in 1631, Rebecca daughter of Thomas 
Docton, and by her had issue three daughters : — 
Prudence born in 1632 ; Grace, born in 1633, who 
died in 1666 ; and Elizabeth, born in 1639. He 
died at a great age in January 1684.^ 

Charles, baptized on the ist of January 1604, dead 
in 1631. 

Richard, baptized on the i8th of January 1605. 

Grace, baptized on the 24th of March 1590, married 
in January 16 10 to Robert Loveys of Beardon. 

Anne, baptized on the 3rd of December 1591, buried 
on the 4th of May 1596. 

Elizabeth, baptized on the 18th of June 1597. 

Prudence, baptized on the nth of November 1601, 
married in November 1633 to Achilles Fortescue. 

Anne, baptized on the 27th of July 16 10, buried three 
days later. 

r^. Nicholas Luttrell, eldest son of Andrew, was baptized 
on the 6th of January 1584. He married, in February 
1607, Elizabeth, daughter of Anthony Monk of Potheridge. 
There is a monument in memory of him in the church at 
Hartland, where he was buried on the 9th of April 1637. 
His relict was buried there on the 26th of August 1653. 
They had issue seven sons and three daughters : — 

Anthony, heir to his father. 

Nicholas, buried on the 14th of April 1648.^ 

Francis, baptized on the 1 8th of October 16 12, buried 
on the 6th of March 1657. 

John, baptized on the 28th of November 1613, mar- 
ried on the 2ist of December 1650 to Jane daughter 
of Thomas Docton. He was buried on the 23rd of 

' Will of Anne Punchard (P.C.C.) ; p. 574. 
Chancery Proceedings, H. 31, no. 48 ; ' Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. 

H. 32, no. 30. vi. p. 17. 

^ Hist. MSS. Comm, Report v, App. 



5i6 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

January 1672 ; she was buried on the 23rd of May 
1680. They had issue four daughters : — 

Elizabeth, baptized on the 29th of December 
1 65 1, married on the 8th of May 1680 to 
William Galsworthy. 
Eleanor, baptized on the 25th of April 1653, 
married on the 25th of July 1681 to John 
Stephens. 
Mary, baptized on the 17th of August 1654, 
buried on the 29th of November in the same 
year. 
Jane, baptized on the 23rd of December 1655. 
Thomas, baptized on the ist of May 161 6. He mar- 
ried, on the 23rd of January 1666, Wilmot daughter 
of Nicholas Cholwill of Hartland and relict of Richard 
Docton of the same parish. She was buried on the 
26th of April 1 67 1 ; he was buried on the 15th of 
September 1694. 
Arthur, baptized on the ist of November 1618. 
Edward, baptized on the 26th of March 1620. He 
matriculated at Exeter College, Oxford in 1638, and 
died there four years later. ^ 
Mary, buried on the iith of December 1655. 
Elizabeth, b^tized on the 29th of December 1614, 

buried on the i8th of April 1656. 
Eleanor, baptized on the 7th of September 1 6 1 7, buried 
on the 20th of December 1647. 

Anthony Luttrell, eldest son of Nicholas, was over 
twenty-five years of age at the time of his father's death. 
He married firstly, on the 21st of July 1636, Mary daughter 
of the Rev. Edward Cotton, Rector of Shobrooke. ^ By her, 
who was buried on the 7th of April 1 646, he had issue four 
sons and three daughters : — 

Edward, heir to his father. 

William, buried on the 27th of January 1655. 

Nicholas, living in 1643. 

Anthony, living in 1643. 

' Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. ered at the College of Arms, erroneously 

vi. p. 17. calls her daughter and coheiress of 

* Inq. post mortem, C. il. 549 (84). William Cotton of Hartland. 
A pedigree of the Cotton family, regist- 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. s^7 

Margaret, married on the 31st of January 1662 to 

Thomas Saltren. , ,: 

Elizabeth, baptized on the 17th of September 1643, 

buried on the 1 8th of April 1656. , . , 

Mary, baptized on the i6th of March 1645, buried on 
the nth of December 1655. 
Anthony Luttrell of Hartland Abbey married secondly a 
certain Mary, who was buried on the 13th of December 1659. 
By her he had issue four sons and three daughters :— 

Andrew, baptized on the nth of October 1648 and 
buried on the 25th of November in the same year 
Thomas, baptized on the i6th of October 1649, and 

buried on the 8th of September 1694. 
Christopher, baptized on the 26th of January 1654 and 

buried on the 3rd of March 1655. 
Arthur, baptized on the loth of August 1656 and 

buried on the 5th of December in the same year. 
Jane, baptized on the 31st of August 1650 married, 

on the ist of January 1670, to John Mugtord. 
Prudence, baptized on the 26th of September 165 1, 

and buried on the loth of April following. 
Grace, baptized on the 9th of August 1675, married on 
the 20th of November, 1678 to Peter Cole. 
Anthony Luttrell was buried on the ist of October 1663. 
Edward Luttrell, his eldest son, was admitted a student 
of the Inner Temple in 1653. He married Mary Rogers 
on the 3rd of July 1663, and by her had issue two 
children : — 

Nicholas, heir to his father. 

Elizabeth, baptized on the 6th of December 1664, 
married on the 28th of November 1698 to Thomas 
Atkin. 
Edward Luttrell was buried on the 21st of March 1666 
but his relict did not obtain letters of administration until 
1672. 

^^ Nicholas Luttrell, the only son, was baptized on the 
24th of July 1663, a few weeks only after the marriage of 
his parents. He was educated at Emanuel College, Cam- 
bridge, and was one of a number of young men of substance 
who were selected by the Vice-Chancellor to receive the 



5i8 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

degree of A.M. in commemoration of a visit from the King. 
In the spring of the same year, 1682, when he was less than 
nineteen years of age, he was married, at Caldecot or Cam- 
bridge, to Mary daughter of John Creed, a bookseller in the 
university town. Being admitted a student of Gray's Inn, 
he resided chiefly in London, and he died in the parish of 
St. Andrew's, Holborn, in 1694. Mary, his only child, 
married Paul Orchard of Aldercombe in Cornwall, the 
owner of several burgages at Dunster. After her death 
without issue in November 1722, he continued in pos- 
session of Hartland Abbey, and it passed at his death to 
Paul, his son by a second wife, and so, after a long interval, 
to Lewis William Buck of Affeton, the grandfather of the 
present owner, Sir Lewis Stucley. 

Although the history of the Luttrells of Hartland Abbey 
is singularly jejune, a mere list of obscure names and un- 
important dates, it is not without some interest from a statis- 
tical point of view. Thus the genealogist who is accustomed 
to allow three generations to a century, may observe that 
no less than five owners of the estate, each representing a 
separate generation, died between 1625 and 1694. Then 
again it is worthy of notice that although sixteen sons were 
born between 16 10 and 1663, the family had by 1694 
become extinct in the male line. 



The Luttrells of Saunton Court in Devonshire 

and their descendants. ^ 



John Luttrell, second son of Andrew and Prudence 
Luttrell of Hartland Abbey, was baptized at Hartland on 
the 28th of December 1584. When he was about twenty- 
six years of age, he entered into an arrangement with his 
grandmother, Jane Luttrell, by which she ceded to him for 
her life the greater part of her house at Honibere, and all 
her lands in the parishes of Lilstock and Kilton, he 

' The earlier part of this section is and a MS. in the possession of Mr. 
based upon Narcissus Luttreirs MS. Webber-Incledon of Alcombe. 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 519 

undertaking to pay her 30/. a year and to find her and three 
other persons in meat, drink, and fuel. In 16 14, however, 
he migrated to Devonshire, buying Saunton Court and 
other property in the parish of Braunton from Arthur 
Chichester, Lord Belfast, for the sum of 4,500/. Jane 
Luttrell, who describes herself as " impotent, aged, lame, 
and weak, " accordingly filed a bill against him in Chancery. ^ 
He died soon after, on the 24th of February 16 17, and was 
buried at Braunton. ^ Frances his relict, daughter of Sir 
Edward Gorges of Wraxall, married secondly Sir Edward 
Southcote, and died in 1651. By her John Luttrell had 
issue four children: — 

John, his heir. 

Francis (see below p. 521). 

Edward (see below p. 525). 

Dorothy, baptized at Braunton on the 26th of February 
161 5, and married at Radipole in Dorset, on the 
2nd of March 1632, to Jonas Dennis of Weymouth, 
merchant. 

John Luttrell, eldest son of John and Frances, was 
baptized at his mother's old home at Wraxall on the 21st of 
October 16 10. He was consequently little more than six 
years of age at the time of his father's death. Taking up 
arms on behalf of the Parliament, he became a Colonel, but 
he was killed in a skirmish between Milverton and Wivel- 
iscombe in January 1645, ^^^ buried at Taunton.^ He 
had married in 1629, when under age, Rachael daughter of 
Francis Hardy of Sydling St. Nicholas in Dorset. She 
administered to his estate, and was buried at Braunton in 
December 1653. They had issue three sons and four 
daughters : — 

Southcote. 

John, buried at Braunton on the 30th of June 1658. 

Arthur, baptized there on the 17th of October 1638. 

Elizabeth, baptized there on the 8th of May 1630. 

Catherine, baptized there on the 3rd of June 1631. 

• Chancery Proceedings, James I. * According to another account the 
L. 5, no. 30. fatal skirmish was in February. Geiit- 

* Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. leman's Magazine, vol. xciii. p. 494. 
vi. p. i6. 



520 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

Rachael. 
Frances. 

SouTHCOTE LuTTRELL, son and heir of Colonel John 
Luttrell, presumably so named after his step-grandfather Sir 
Edward Southcote, was baptized at Dorchester on the 23rd 
of July 1632. He was admitted to the Middle Temple in 
November 1655. In the following month, he married Amy 
daughter of John Pyncombe of Poughill in Devon, the 
ceremony being performed by a justice of the peace and 
afterwards by the minister of the parish. She died six 
months later and was buried at Braunton. On the loth of 
May 1662, Southcote Luttrell married a second wife, Anne 
daughter of John Codrington of Didmarton in Gloucester- 
shire. By her he had issue three sons and four daughters: — 
John, baptized at Braunton on the nth of October 

1666. 
Southcote, his heir. 
Robert, baptized at Braunton on the 13th of November 

1677, and buried on the nth of September 1679. 
Frances, baptized there on the 2nd of March 1670, 

and buried on the 4th of January following. 
Anne, baptized there on the 29th of January 1679. 
Elizabeth, baptized there on the 14th of July 1680. 
She married there in 171 1 Marshall Ayres of 
Heavitree. 
Rachael, baptized there on the 2nd of March 1685. 
Anne Luttrell was buried at Braunton on the 6th of 
March 1685, almost immediately after the birth of her 
youngest child. In October 1686, Southcote Luttrell 
married a third wife, Joan daughter of — Mercer, and relict 
successively of William Avory and Hugh Trevelyan of 
Yarnscombe, by whom he had no issue. About the year 

17 1 9, his first-cousin Edward Luttrell came with his wife 
to Saunton Court, on a visit which was indefinitely pro- 
longed. They seem in fact to have established a complete 
ascendancy over their aged host and relative. In September 

1720, when he was eighty-eight years of age, he made an 
elaborate settlement of his landed estate, entailing it on his 
only surviving son, Southcote Luttrell the second, with 
remainder to his cousin Edward Luttrell. The effect of 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 521 

this was to exclude his own heirs general, bearing the name 
of Ayres, and his heir male, Narcissus Luttrell. 1 here is 
an entry by the latter : — 

"Southcot Luttrell of Santon Court in Branton parish in 
the county of Devon, esquire, died there at his house on t nday 
7 July 1 72 1 in the evening, and was buried in the said parish 
church of Branton, under the communion table there, upon 
Tuesday 1 1 of the same July, between 6 and 7 that morning, 
without any one to attend him, by the contrivance and order 
of that villain Edward Luttrell, his kinsman. " 
SouTHCOTE Luttrell the second was baptized at Braunton 
on the 17th of October 1672. He matriculated at Exeter 
College, Oxford, in July 1690. Some twelve years later 
he lost the use of his reason. In 1738, Mary relict ot 
Edward Luttrell was appointed committee of his person, 
and, in the following year, she was succeeded in that office 
by Phihp Lethbridge.' Like his father, Southcote Luttrell 
the second lived to a great age. At his death in November 
175 1 he was buried at Braunton. His personalty went to 
his nephew, Marshall Ayres of the Middle Temple ; his real 
estate passed under the settlement of 1720 to Southcote 
Hungerford Luttrell, the posthumous son of his third 
cousin, Captain Edward Luttrell. 

An intermediate line of Luttrells, debarred from the 
succession, had by this date become extinct :— 

Francis Luttrell, second son of John and Frances men- 
tioned above (p. 519), was baptized at Stoke Courcy on the 
14th of March 1 61 3. He was admitted to Gray's Inn in 1631. 
Dying in April 1677, he was buried in the lower chancel of 
the church of St. Giles in the Fields. " He had married at 
Bristol, on the 8th of December 1641, Catherine daughter 
of Narcissus Mapowder of Holsworthy in Devonshire. She 
died at her house in Holborn on the 20th of February 1685, 
and was buried beside her husband, to whom she had borne 
nine children : — 

Francis (i), baptized and buried at St. Margaret's 
Westminster in March 1647. 

1 Lunacy Commissions (Petty Bag), * Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. 

L. no. 25. vi- P- i^- 



522 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

Francis (2), baptized at St. Giles's on the 17th of 
November 1655 and buried at St. Andrew's, Hol- 
born on the 20th of October 1656. 

Narcissus, heir to his father. 

Charles, baptized at St. Giles's on the 24th of July 
1663, and buried there on the 9th of October in the 
same year. 

Jane, born at Clovelly in Devonshire in 1 643, and buried 
at St. Andrew's, Holborn, on the 8th of November 
1647. 

Frances, baptized at St. Andrew's on the 9th of May 
1648, and buried there on the ist of July 1657. 

Catherine, baptized at Clerkenwell on the 9th of August 
1653. On the 2nd of July 1677, she was married 
to George Lowe of Lincoln's Inn, at St. Dunstan's in 
the West. They were both buried at St. Albans. 

Dorothy, born in 1658, married at St. Giles's, on the 
1 8th of December 1688, to Owen Wynne, after- 
wards Warden of the Mint and Under-Secretary 
of State. 

Abigail, baptized at St. Giles's on the 13th of February 
1661 ; died at Lawrence Waltham in Berkshire on 
the 30th of August 1669. 

Narcissus Luttrell, third and only surviving son of 
Francis and Catherine mentioned above (p. 521), was born in 
Holborn on the 12th of August 1657 and baptized twelve 
days later by the singular name of his maternal grandfather. 
Following the example of his father, he became a student of 
Gray's Inn, in August 1673. In the earlier part of the 
following year, he was admitted a Fellow Commoner of 
St. John's College, Cambridge, but he did not spend more 
than nine months at the University, and the degree of 
A.M. conferred upon him in 1675 '^^^ obtained by royal 
mandate. Through private influence, he was returned to 
Parliament as member for Bossiney in 1679 and for Saltash 
in 1690. Although called to the bar in 1680, he does not 
seem to have practised. So again, although placed in the 
Commission of the Peace for Middlesex in 1693, he did not 
even take the necessary oaths for more than twelve years. 
Nevertheless he duly recorded his successive honorary 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 523 

appointments as a Deputy Lieutenant a Commissioner of 
Oyer and Terminer, a Commissioner of Sewers, ^ Conimis- 
sioner for Land Tax, and Treasurer for Maimed Soldiers 
and Mariners. When his name was omitted from the 
Commission of the Peace for Middlesex in 1723, ^e "Oted 
that the Lord Chancellor had been instigated by Robert 
Walpole, in consequence of " some cursed lyes and stories 
made to the said Walpole by one Sir Richard Gough 

For many years Narcissus Luttrell lived in Hoi born, 
opposite to the Three Cups Tavern, but at Christmas 17 10, 
he went to reside at Little Chelsea, on a property which he 
had bought from the Earl of Shaftesbury. There he formed 
a very considerable library of historical books, and a collect- 
ion of the political pamphlets, broadsides, and verses ot his 
own time. He is chiefly remembered as the compiler ot 
A brief historical Relation of State Affairs from 1678 to 17 14, 
which was published for the University of Oxford in 1847 
in six volumes, with only two pages of preface and an 
indifferent index. The work is in no sense a literary com- 
position, being merely a transcript of selections from the 
ephemeral gazettes and newsletters of the period, supphed to 
subscribers and visible at coffee-houses. 

In this place Narcissus Luttrell deserves honourable 
mention on account of his unwearied, careful and valuable 
researches into the history of his own family. When staying 
at Dunster, he collated Prynne's catalogue of the muniments 
at the Castle with the original documents, and made count- 
less emendations in it. He furthermore collected for him- 
self all the notices that he could find of the Luttrells, in 
printed books, in manuscripts at the Tower of London, the 
College of Arms, the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, and 
other repositories, and in parish registers in various counties. 
It is characteristic of the man that he was satisfied to make 
minute and laborious copies without attempting to sift his 
material or to compile any consecutive account of the 

family. 

Thomas Hearne, the Oxford antiquary, seems to have 
been somewhat jealous of Narcissus Luttrell's library " col- 
lected in a lucky hour at very reasonable rates, " and has 
left some unfavourable remarks on him : — 



524 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

" Though he was so curious and diligent in collecting and 
amassing together, yet he affected to live so private as hardly to 
be known in person ; and yet for all that he must be attended 
to his grave by judges and the first of his profession in the law, 
to whom (such was the sordidness of his temper) he would not 
have given a meal's meat in his life. 

" As a recommendation of his collection of books, we are told it 
was preserved in that place where Mr. Lock and Lord Shaftes- 
bury studied, whose principles it may be he imbibed. No 
doubt but it is a very extraordinary collection. " 

Hearne was a Nonjuror ; Luttrell was a Whig. 

" After a tedious indisposition, " Narcissus Luttrell died 
on the 27th of June 1732. ^ He was buried at Chelsea on 
the 6th of July. He had been married twice. Sarah his 
first wife was the daughter of Daniel Baker of Hatton 
Garden, and the wedding took place at St. Giles's in the 
Fields on the 28th of February 1682. She bore him one 
son, Francis. Dying on the 9th of July 1722, she "was 
buried by her disconsolate husband on the north side of the 
chancell of Chelsea Church, under the pew known by the 
name of the Bishop's Pew upon Tuesday 17 of July 1722 
about 7 in the evening. " Some three years afterwards, on 
the 13th of May 1725, Narcissus Luttrell was married in 
the Chapel of Lincoln's Inn to Mary daughter of John 
Bearsley of Wolverhampton, by virtue of a licence from the 
Archbishop of Canterbury granted eleven months before. 
The only issue of this marriage was a boy named Narcissus, 
born on the 27th of January 1727, and buried in the middle 
aisle of Chelsea Church seven days later, having been " lost 
meerly by the carelesnesse of the nurse. " Mary Luttrell 
survived her husband some years and was buried at Chelsea 
on the 5th of October 1745. 

Francis Luttrell, son of Narcissus and Sarah mentioned 
above, was baptized at St. Andrew's Holborn, on the I2th 
of December 1682. He was admitted to the Middle Temple 
in 1700, and called to the bar eight years later. In course 
of time he became a Bencher, and he was Treasurer of the 
Inn at the time of his death, on the 5th of June 1749- Like 
his parents, he was buried at Chelsea. Hearne describes 
him as " a bookish man, " and some of his letters on literary 

' Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. vi. p. 20. 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 525 

subjects have been preserved. ^ There is a portrait of him 
at Dunster Castle. As he never married, one branch of the 
Luttrell family came to an end in him. 

It is now necessary to revert to Edward Luttrell, third 
son of John Luttrell of Saunton Court by Frances his wife 
mentioned above (p. 519). Baptized at Braunton on the 
2nd of November 1616, this Edward Luttrell was admitted 
to Gray's Inn at the age of sixteen. Little is known about 
him except that he died in Rose Alley, near Holborn, in 
March 1668 and was buried at St. Andrew's. Three years 
later, administration of his goods was granted to the principal 
creditor, his relict named Dorothy renouncing. She was 
buried on the south side of the churchyard of St. Giles, on 
the ist of July 1697. Francis Luttrell, son of Edward and 
Dorothy, was buried at St. Andrew's, Holborn, on the loth 
of November 1657. 

Edward Luttrell, an attorney, another son of Edward 
and Dorothy, married a lady named Mary, whose maiden 
name is not known. As stated above (p. 520), they went to 
stay with his cousin Southcote Luttrell the elder at Saunton 
Court about 17 19, and took up their abode there. Narcissus 
Luttrell, supplanted by this Edward Luttrell, calls him 
" that villain " and " that rascal. " Administration of the 
goods of Edward Luttrell was granted to the relict Mary in 
1737. She was buried at Braunton some two years later. 
They had issue a son Edward, and a daughter Charlotte, 
who was baptized at the Savoy Chapel in April 1695. 

Edward Luttrell the third, son of Edward and Mary, 
predeceased his father by several years. Nothing is known 
as to the exact date of his birth, or that of his marriage to Anne 
daughter of Sir George Hungerford of Cadenham in Wilt- 
shire. At the end of 17 13, he received a commission in 
the first regiment of Foot Guards and he afterwards became 
a Lieutenant, with the titular rank of Captain. The cir- 
cumstances connected with his untimely death have been very 
minutely recorded, but a brief notice of them will here 
suffice. 

On the 17th of October 1721, two bailiffs named Reason 

' Heanie's CollcctioiiSy vol. iii. pp. 273, 426 ; vol. v. p. 238 ; vol. vii. p. 367. 



526 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

and Tranter arrested Captain Luttrell in Surrey Street, 
between the Strand and the river Thames, for a debt of lo/. 
At his request they accompanied him to his lodging there 
and he got the necessary money from his young wife. On 
his refusal, however, to give them three guineas for their 
* civility, ' high words ensued. Being called a rogue, a ras- 
cal and a ' minter, ' he struck Tranter on the head with a 
walking cane, and Reason retaliated by stabbing him in nine 
places and shooting him with one of his own pistols. The 
bailiffs were tried for murder in the following year and were 
found guilty of manslaughter. Although the jury would 
have liked them to be hanged for their brutality, they were 
merely branded on the hand. ^ Surviving the affray in 
Surrey Street by several hours, Edward Luttrell the younger 
was able to make a short will in favour of his wife, who was 
then enceinte. ^ He was buried at St. Clement Danes. Some 
four months afterwards, the widow bore a son who was 
christened by the names of Southcote Hungerford, but she 
did not long survive his birth and was buried in the chancel 
of Bremhill church in Wiltshire on the 25th of June 1722. 
Although she left 100/. for the erection of a monument there 
in memory of her mother and herself, her directions to this 
effect seem to have been disregarded. Most of her property 
passed by will to her brother, Walter Hungerford, in trust 
for her only child. ^ 

Southcote Hungerford Luttrell, the posthumous 
orphan, obtained a commission as Second Lieutenant in the 
Marines in January 1741. Fifteen months later, he became 
a Captain in the regiment afterwards known as the 45th Foot, 
and he was promoted to the rank of Major in 1750. The 
exact date of his marriage and the maiden name of his wife 
are alike unknown. In 1769, a certain Mrs. Jane Sheppard 
was stated to be ready to swear at the Sarum Assizes that 
the marriage was solemnized in her presence " at (sic) South 
Carolina. " ■* Major Luttrell's regiment was for some time 
quartered in Nova Scotia, and his second child was born at 

' Howell's State Trials,, vol. xvi. pp. * Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. 

1-45; The widow Liittercll's cry for jus- vi. p. 19. 

ticc for the blood of her murthered ' Ibid ; Hoare's Hungerfordiaua. 

husbaud,c\.c. drawn up by a gentleman * The family tradition that he was 

of the Inner Temple, 8vo. 1722. married at Halifax seems morecredible. 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 527 

Halifax in that colony in 1785. Affairs in England then 
required his presence, and, in October of that year. Captain 
Alexander Murray succeeded him as Major, having apparently 
bought his commission. 

On the death of Southcote Luttrell, the lunatic, in 
November 1751, Southcote Hungerford Luttrell had suc- 
ceeded, under the entail of 1720, to Saunton Court and the 
property that went with it. In 1750, his uncle and former 
guardian, Walter Hungerford, had left him 1000/. in full 
settlement of all accounts between them, and the will to this 
effect had been proved in 1754. He had also been named 
as a possible inheritor of part of the Hungerford estate. 

After his return to England, Southcote Hungerford Lut- 
trell and Mary his wife lived for a while at Saunton Court, 
but in 1757 they suffered a recovery of the whole estate, in 
order to bar the entail, and it was soon sold to John 
Clevland of Tapley Park. ^ Mary Luttrell predeceased her 
husband, who, after the sale of Saunton Court, resided 
chiefly at Exeter. He had also some connexion with 
Falmouth. He died on the 3rd of October 1766 and was 
buried on the 9th. Letters of administration were issued 
in the following year to his maternal cousin, Abigail Blake, 
his four children, Elizabeth, Wilmot Hungerford, Edward, 
and John being under age, the last a mere baby. 

WiLMOT Hungerford Luttrell, the eldest son, was 
baptized at St. Paul's, Halifax, in Nova Scotia, on the 31st 
of August 1755. He was nearly twenty-six years of age 
when he obtained fresh letters of administration to his 
father's estate, in 178 i. ^ Soon after this, he and his two 
brothers sold to H. Merewether their reversionary rights in 
a moiety of the manor of Rodbourne in Wiltshire, under 
the will of their cousin George Hungerford, who died in 
1764. He is believed to have died unmarried about 18 14, 
but nothing is really known as to this. 

Edward Luttrell, the second son of Major Southcote 
Hungerford Luttrell, was born in England in 1757. 
Elizabeth Hungerford, relict of George Hungerford of 

' Recovery Roll, Trin. 30 and 31 * Admon, in P.C.C. 

Geo. II ; Close Roll 31 Geo. II. part 2. ^ Ibid ; Papers belonging to the 

m. 16; Lysons's Devonshire, p. 65. Wiltshire Archaeological Society. 



528 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

Studley House, near Calne, was his godmother. He was 
practising as a surgeon at Tonbridge in 1792 when he 
wrote a short account of a treatment of gangrene with 
alkahs and acids. ^ An official despatch of the 30th of 
November 1 803 describes him as a surgeon of considerable 
reputation in Kent, who was about to proceed to New South 
Wales on board the Experiment^ with a view to settling there. 
A colonial return made two years later shows that he then 
had a wife and seven children. From January 1807 to 
September 1808, he was acting as surgeon on H.M.S. 
Porpoise^ a store-ship stationed off the coast of New South 
Wales. Having then leave from the Captain to go inland 
to visit his family at Paramatta, he fell ill and was unable to 
return when summoned. Commodore Bligh, however, his 
irascible superior, refused to believe his story, and said that 
he must come on board dead or alive. Eventually an ' R '. 
was put against his name in the ship's book, to indicate 
that he had * run, ' and this stigma was not removed until 
after a consideration of the case by the Board of Admiralty 
more than ten years later. From New South Wales Dr. 
Edward Luttrell removed to Van Dieman's Land, where he 
became Surgeon General. Dying on the loth of June 1824, 
he was buried at Hobart. Martha his relict, daughter of 
the Rev. — Walters, was buried beside him in May 1832. 

The Luttrell family in the Australian colonies has so 
increased and spread that it has not been found practicable 
to give details here of the births, marriages and deaths of 
its different scions. Of Dr. Edward Luttrell's six sons, 
four indeed died without issue. Hungerford, the eldest, a 
surgeon, died of fever off the coast of Africa. Edward, the 
second, was lost at sea in the Indian Ocean on board the 
Governor Macquarie^ in 1 8 1 1. Robert, the third, was killed 
by natives at Paramatta in New South Wales, in 18 12. 
Oscar, the fifth, was killed by natives near Melbourne in 
1838. 

Alfred Luttrell, fourth son of Dr. Edward Luttrell, died 
at Hobart in February 1865. He had issue seven sons: — 
Edward, John, Alfred, Robert, Frederick, William and 
Edwin, and five daughters. 

' Watts Bibliotheca Britannica. 



App. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 529 

Edgar Luttrell, sixth son of Dr. Edward Luttrell, died 
at Hobart in May 1865. He had issue seven sons, Edward 
Hungerford, Edgar, Wilmot Southcote Hungerford, George 
Walter, Edmund B. S., Tasman, and Alfred, and four 
daughters. 

John Luttrell, the youngest son of Major Southcote 
Hungerford Luttrell, was, in 1775, articled as a clerk to an 
attorney at Bridgewater. ^ He afterwards practised law on 
his own account at Northleach in Gloucestershire, in 
London, and perhaps elsewhere. In February 1788, he 
married, at Kingston Church, Portsmouth, Hannah daughter 
of William Taylor, paymaster of the dockyard there, and 
afterwards Deputy Paymaster of the Royal Navy at Somerset 
House. He died in or soon after 1832, having had issue 
two sons, St. John, and Hungerford, and a daughter, Mary, 
who married Captain Fleming. 

The eldest son, St. John Luttrell, entered the Royal 
Navy in July 1804. While serving on board the Herald 
in the Mediterranean in May 1808, he was put in charge 
of a prize which foundered with all hands. 

Hungerford Luttrell, the second son, born at Chester 
on the 2ist of January 1793, and privately baptized, had a 
varied but unsatisfactory career. Entering the Royal Navy 
as a volunteer in 1807, he served continuously until April 
181 1, when he quitted the Colossus with the intention of 
joining the Army. In the January, however, he was a 
Midshipman on board the Impetueux. He was finally enter- 
ed as having "run " from the Namur in November 18 14. 
Proceeding to Columbia, he took part in a local war, with 
the rank of Captain and Aide de Camp to General Arismendi. 
According to his own account, he fell ill and returned to 
England without having received due remuneration. 

In December 18 19, he was established at Portsmouth, 
where he married Maria daughter of Thomas Jervoise of 
the Victualling Department. Some years later, his father 
put him into communication with a certain W. A. Grobecker, 
who said that, if sufficiently paid, he could procure for him 
a post under government. The father seems also to have 
expected a commission. Eventually Hungerford Luttrell 

' King's Bench, Series I. no. 3872. 



530 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

paid 300/. to Grobecker, and went to Scotland as chief 
officer of the Coast-guard at Stranraer. After a few months, 
however, he was recalled on the ground that, at the time of 
his appointment, he was eleven days over the limit of age, 
thirty-five years. The Treasury resolved to prosecute 
Grobecker, and gave Luttrell a temporary allowance of 55. a 
day. When it ceased, he considered himself much aggrieved 
and sent memorials to the Lords Commissioners, to the Duke 
of Wellington, and to the King, culminating in a pamphlet 
published in 1830. 

Hungerford Luttrell was the last male member of the 
family resident in England. He had issue two daughters, 
Harriet Maria Hungerford, the wife of J. C. Bicknell, and 
Matilda Hungerford, who died unmarried. 



John Luttrell of Mapperton in Dorset and his 
descendants. 

John Luttrell, second son of Thomas and Margaret 
Luttrell (page 171), was baptized at Dunster on the 26th 
of May 1566. He was admitted a student of the Middle 
Temple in February 1584, and he is described, in 16 12, as 
an " ancient utter barrister " of that society. ^ Marrying 
Anne daughter of Richard Bampfield of Poltimore in Devon, 
and relict of Christopher Morgan of South Mapperton in 
Dorset, he came to be known as ' John Luttrell of Mapper- 
ton. ' ^ Through the interest of his brother, the lord of 
Dunster, he was elected one of the Members of Parliament 
for Minehead in 1586 and 1588. ^ A will made by him in 
July 1620 was proved in the same year. * He had issue: — 

Amias, so called after his maternal uncle. Sir Amias 
Bampfield. He was admitted a student of the 

• Middle Temple Records, vol. i. p. ^ Return of Members of Parliament, 

265 ; vol. ii. p. 553. vol. i. pp. 419, 424. 

' Hutchins's History 0/ Dorset, vol. ii. * Brovvn'b Somersetshire Wills, vol. 

p. 158 ; Chancery Proceedings, LI. 8. vi. p. 16. 
no. 46 ; 9 no. 69. 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 531 

Middle Temple in 16 14, but he died within the 
next five years. ' 

Hugh, died young. 

John, matriculated at Exeter College, Oxford, in 161 5, 
and was admitted a student of the Middle Temple 
four years later. "^ He was living in 1620. 

George, of King's College, Cambridge, and afterwards 
of Cheddington in Dorset, clerk in holy orders. 
He was dead by December 1659, when his only son 
of the same name was mentioned in an elaborate 
entail of the Dunster estate. Margaret relict of the 
elder George Luttrell obtained letters of administra- 
tion in 1661. ^ 

Anne, married Thomas Weston of Callow Weston in 
Dorset. * 



The Luttrells of Rodhuish in Somerset. 

Hugh Luttrell, second son of George and Joan Luttrell 
of Dunster (p. 176), was baptized there on the 29th of 
February 1587. He had property at Rodhuish in the 
parish of Carhampton and Northridge and West Myne in 
that of Minehead. He was living in 1656. ^ He married 
at Charlton Makerel, on the 13th of July 1629, Jane 
daughter of Thomas Lyte of Lytescary in that parish, and 
by her had issue three sons and four daughters : — 
Thomas, heir to his father. 

Hugh (1), baptized at Carhampton on the i8th of 
December 1639, "^^^ buried there twelve days later. 
Hugh (2), baptized at Carhampton on the 21st of 
April 1 64 1, and buried there on the loth of May 
following. 
Jane, married to Lewis Cave of Old Cleeve. 
Frances. 

' Middle Temple Records, vol. ii. vi. p. i8. 

p. 584. ■• Heralds' Visitation of Dorset, 1677. 

^ Ibid. p. 642. ^ D.C.M. HI. 12 ; Hancock's Mitie- 

' Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. head, p. 213. 



532 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

Susan, baptized at Carhampton on the 8th of April 
1634, married to John Everard of Otterhampton, 
and died in 1678. 

Margaret, baptized at Carhampton on the loth of 
December 1638, and buried there a year later. 

Thomas Luttrell, eldest son of Hugh and Jane Luttrell, 
was baptized at Carhampton on the 19th of July 1637, and 
was buried there on the 22nd of July 17 14. By Catherine 
his wife, daughter of the Rev. Gregory Sindercombe of 
Bishop's Lydeard, he had issue two children, a daughter 
Jane who, in 1696, married Thomas Prowse, and a son of 
his own name. 

Thomas Luttrell, son of Thomas and Catherine Luttrell, 
was born about 1668. Failing male issue to his cousins 
Colonel Francis Luttrell, and Colonel Alexander Luttrell, 
he would have succeeded to the Dunster estate, under the 
entail of 1659. He was educated at Westminster under 
the famous Dr. Busby, at the expense of Colonel Francis 
Luttrell of Dunster Castle, although his own father was 
living. About once a year, he was supplied with a fresh outfit, 
comprising a cloth coat lined with silk, a waistcoat of cloth 
or silk, both adorned with silver buttons and blue figured 
ribbon, breeches, worsted stockings and a white hat. In 
1683, there was a charge of 6/. lOJ. for " 6 shirts, 6 hand- 
kerchers, 8 cravatts, and 6 night capps. " The following, 
although unsigned, is not without interest as illustrative of 
the cost of a commoner's education : — 

** An account of what is due to me for a yeare and quarter's 

lodging and dietting for Mr. Lutterell, beginning the 19 of 

October 1682 and ending the 19 of January 1683/4, and for 

what laid out. 

£■ s. d. 
" Gave to Dr. Busby his New Year's gift, 2 

broad peices of gold, 2 .. 12 .. o 

To Mr. Knipe, the second master, i .. i .. 8 

To the Doctor's usher, 10 .. o 

To Knipe's usher, 5 .. o 

To the Moniter of the schoole, 2 .. 6 

For 2 paire of stockings, 6 .. 4 
For mending of his cloths and cutting of his 

haire severall times, 6 .. 6 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 533 

Gave him for the Omnia bene and for makeing of 

his election theames, 6 .. o 

For 2 bands, 2 paire of cuffs, 6 paire of gloves 

and black ribbon, lO .. O 

For paper, quills, wax candle, sealing vi^ax, Steele 

lined box, penn knife, ruler and satchell, 15 .. O 

For paper books, a Horace and Juvenall, a Ter- 
rence, a Claudian, a Prayer Book, a Horace, 
a Greek Epigrams, Ovid's Metamorphosis^ 
Homer Expository, Dr. Duport's Psalms in 
Greek, i .. 6 .. o 

For sweeping of the schoole from the 19 of 

October '82 to the 19 January '83/4, 2 .. 6 

For inke from the 19 of October 1682 to the 

19 January 1683/4, i .. 8 

Gave to Dr. Busby for a yeare and quarter's 

schooleing, ending 19 January '83/4, 5 .. 7.-8 

For a year's and quarter's lodging and dietting 
for Mr. Lutterell, beginning the 19 of October 
1682 and ending the 19 of January 1683/4, 
after the rate of 25/. per annum, 31 .. 5 .. O 



44 .. 17 .. I0» 



The bills for 1681 and 1682 amounted to 45/. 12s. lod. 
and 37/. iij. 6d. respectively, towards which Colonel 
Luttrell had paid only 50/. by a bill payable at twelve days' 
sight charged on Mr. Williams, goldsmith, in Lombard 
Street. 

From Westminster Thomas Luttrell proceeded to Balliol 
College, Oxford, in 1685, and he afterwards became a 
Fellow of All Souls College. In 1703, he took the degree 
of Bachelor of Medicine. On the 19th of September 1706, 
he was married at Porlock to Jane Arundel late of Exford, 
said to have been a daughter of the Rev. Nathaniel Arundel. 
He died as he was leaving the Abbey Church of Bath, on 
the 13th of March 1720, but his corpse was removed to 
Carhampton and buried there two days later. His will 
was proved in the same year by his relict, Jane Luttrell. ^ 

1 The bill for Thomas Luttrell may the Evening Mail of January 1834. 

be compared with those for his con- * Brown's Somersetshire Wills, vol. 

temporary Francis Lynn, quoted in vi. p. 19. 
CoUins's Public Schools (p. 115) from 



534 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

Alexander Fownes Luttrell (i) and his descendants. 

Alexander Fownes Luttrell (i), fourth son of Henry 
and Margaret, (p. 260), was baptized at Dunster on the 
30th of November 1754, and educated at Pembroke College, 
Cambridge. In 1779, he was instituted to the Rectory 
of East Quantockshead, and in the following year to the 
Prebend of Combe Decima in Wells Cathedral, and also 
to the Vicarage of Minehead. Although holding two bene- 
fices with cure of souls, thirteen miles apart, he does not 
appear to have resided constantly on either. In February 
1809, he wrote from St. Audries : — 

" I have lately received two letters from the Bishop. In the 
former one, he mentions the absolute necessity of my renewing 
my licence for non-residence, as otherwise he must represent 
me as such (sic) to the iPrivy Council at Lady Day next. In 
answer therefore, I requested him to grant me that (licence) for 
East Quantoxhead, there being — as I suggested to him — no 
occasion for one for Minehead, having a curate constantly 
residing thereon. He also made particular inquiries about the 
house there, in what state it was, and whether habitable. I 
represented it as by no means fit for any one's residence. 
Notwithstanding, he observes in his second letter the necessity 
of having one (licence) for that place also, and has in conse- 
quence sent me one for each place, valid till ist January next. 
There cannot be any just reason, I think, for his thus acting, 
but merely to put an additional guinea into his Secretary's 
pocket. " 

The letter is characteristic of the manner in which eccle- 
siastical rules were regarded at the time. Alexander Fownes 
Luttrell married, in 1807, Lucy daughter of John Gatchell, 
who died in 1844. He predeceased her by many years, 
dying in 18 16. They had issue a son and a daughter : — 

Alexander Henry, born in 1808. He was instituted to 
the Vicarage of Minehead in 1832, and held it more than 
sixty-six years, until his death in February 1899. He mar- 
ried, in 1837, Charlotte daughter of the Rev. John Jeremy, 
who died in October 1887, and had issue two children : — 
Alexander John, born in 1839 ^'"^^ <^i^^ ^^ 1851. 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 535 

Margaret Charlotte, married In January 1870 to her 
cousin John Alexander Fownes Luttrell, R.N. 
Caroline Lucy, born In 181 1, married In 1836 to Edward 
Jordan Yeatman, H.E.I.C.5. 



Francis Fownes Luttrell and his descendants. 

Francis Fownes Luttrell, fifth son of Henry and 
Margaret (page 260), was born at Dunster on the 9th of 
February 1756, and baptized on the following day. A bill 
for his conveyance to Eton In January 1771, shows that the 
journey then took three days. On the first day, he rode 
to Bridgewater, and drove thence in a chaise to Piper's Inn, 
and so In another to Wells. On the second day, one chaise 
conveyed him to Bath, and a second to Devizes. On the 
third day, the route lay through Marlborough and Reading. 
In 1773, Francis Fownes Luttrell matriculated at Queen's 
College, Oxford, and he eventually proceeded to the degree 
of D.C.L. In the meanwhile he was called to the bar at 
the Middle Temple. From 1780 to 1783, he sat in the 
House of Commons for the borough of MInehead, obviously 
as a stop-gap. In December 1793, he was appointed a 
Commissioner of Customs, and in course of time he became 
one of the Chairmen of the Board. He married, on the 
2 1 St of April 1788, Charlotte third daughter of Francis 
Drewe of Grange In Devonshire, a younger sister of his 
eldest brother's wife. They had issue five sons and seven 
daughters : — 

Henry, born In London on the 3rd of February 1789, 
and baptized at Dunster on the 15th of October. 
He was educated at Westminster and at Christ 
Church, Oxford, where he became B.A. In 18 10. 
Like his father, he joined the Society of the Middle 
Temple, but he died on the 20th of July 18 13. 

Francis, born on the 4th of July 1795, ^'^d died in 
infancy. 



536 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

Francis Wynne, born on the 24th of June iSoi, and 

died on the loth of September 1820. 
Edward (i), born on the 6th of October 1803, and died 

in infancy. 
Edward (2), born on the 12th of November 1806, and 

died in infancy. 
Charlotte, born on the nth of May 1790, married on 

the 9th of August 1 8 10, the Ven. Charles Abel 

Moysey, D.D. Archdeacon of Bath, and died in 

1819. 
Anne, born on the 4th of November 1791, married, on 

the 24th of July 1829, Abel Moysey of Charter- 
house Hinton, and died in 1846. 
Caroline, born on the 4th of February 1793, married, 

on the 20th of January 1823, Captain Henry Fan- 

shawe, R.N., and died in 1863. 
Louisa Frances, born on the 9th of May 1794, and 

died on the i8th of July 18 17. 
Maria, born on the 6th of November 1796, and died 

on the loth of September 1820, at Hembury near 

Bristol. 
Mary Frances, born on the 26th of April 1798, and 

died in 1872. 
Marcia, born on the 15th of August 1799, married at 

Winchester, on the 4th of February 1842, Douglas 

Wynne Stuart. 
Charlotte Luttrell, the mother of this large family, died 
on the 27th of April 18 17. There is a very pleasing por- 
trait of her at Dunster, drawn by Down man before her 
marriage. Her husband survived until the 29th of April 
1823. There is a portrait of him at Bathealton Court. 



Alexander Fownes Luttrell (2) and his descendants. 

Alexander Fownes Luttrell (2), fourth son of John 
and Mary (p. 270), was born on the 28th of May 1793, 
and baptized at Dunster. He was educated at Eton and 




J. Dou-nmaii. 



CHARLOTTE DREWE. 
(Mrs. F. FOWNES LUTTRELL.) 



1761 



APP. c. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. s?>7 

at Exeter College, Oxford, where he took the degree of 
B.C.L. In 1 8 19, he was appointed to the rectory of East 
Quantockshead, which he held for almost seventy years. This 
long incumbency is in itself sufficiently remarkable. A more 
remarkable fact is that, after taking his eldest son to Eton, 
about the year 1840, he never passed a single night outside 
the walls of his own house, although not prevented either 
by want of means or health. He married, in May 1824, 
Jane daughter of William Leader of Putney Hill, who died 
in 1 87 1. At the time of his own death, on the i8th of 
October 1888, he was probably the oldest Etonian and the 
oldest clergyman of the Church of England. He had issue 
two sons and two daughters : — 

Henry Acland, of Badgworth Court, born in 1826, 
and educated at Eton, where he was Captain of the 
Boats. In 1845, he took the degree of M.A. at 
Trinity College, Oxford. Entering the army, he 
became a Captain in the Rifle Brigade, and after- 
wards Honorary Colonel of the 3rd Somerset Light 
Infantry. He was High Sheriff of Somerset in 
188 I, and was created a C.B. in 1887. He died at 
Badgworth Court on the 7th of July 1893, ^"^ was 
buried at Weare. By Mary Ann his wife, daughter 
of Joseph Ruscombe Poole, who married him in 
1857, and died in March 1908, he had an only 
daughter, Eva. 

John Alexander of Edington near Bridgewater, born on 
the 8th of December 1833. Entering the Royal Navy 
in October 1 846, as an Admiralty Midshipman on the 
Collingwood, he eventually became a Post Captain. 
He died on the 2nd of August 1889. He married, 
on the 27th of January 1870, Margaret Charlotte, 
daughter of the Rev. Alexander Henry Fownes Lut- 
trell. Vicar of Minehead, by whom he had issue : — 

Alexander Collingwood, of Leacombe House, Ax- 
minster, born on the 21st of October 1870. 
He married, on the 4th of October 1898, 
Florence Blanche, daughter of the Rev. Henry 
Elliot Stapleton, and has issue two children, 
Alexander Henry, and Romola Margaret. 



538 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. c. 

John Leader, born in November 1871. He enter- 
ed the Royal Navy, and was mentioned in 
despatches in connexion with the expedition to 
Pekin. He died, a Lieutenant, on the 25th of 
October 1902. 

Henry Jeremy, born in 1874, died in infancy. 

Margaret Jane, married, in October 1898, Oswald 
Vavasour Yates. 

Florence Louisa, married, in February 1903, the 
Rev. Geoffrey de Ybarrando Aldridge, Rector of 
Kingweston. 
Fanny Harriet, married, in April 1861, John Blommart 

of Willett House. 
Florence, married, in July 1851, Richard Augustus 
Bethell, afterwards second Lord Westbury. 



APPENDIX D. 

The Luttrells of Luttrellstown near Dublin. 



The history of the Irish Luttrells is varied and interesting, 
especially in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. One 
of them is characterised as " a bad man, the father of a bad 
man, and the grandfather of a bad man. " ^ They do not, 
however, come within the scope of the present work, which 
deals with such Luttrells only as were in some way connected 
with the lords of Dunster. 

In the reign of George the Third, and possibly earlier, 
there was an idea that the Irish Luttrells were cadets of the 
old English family of that name. When Simon Luttrell of 
Luttrellstown near Dublin was raised to the peerage of 
Ireland in 1768, he was created Baron Irnham. So again 
when further honours were conferred upon him, he became 
Viscount Carhampton in 178 1, and Earl of Carhampton in 
1785. The titles selected imply that he was descended not 
only from the original stock of the Luttrells in Lincolnshire, 
but also from the branch of the family established in West 
Somerset. 

Anne, the beautiful daughter of this nobleman, married, 
in 1 77 1, Henry Frederick, Duke of Cumberland, brother 
of King George the Third, and, in the same year, Joseph 
Edmondson, Mowbray Herald Extraordinary, compiled a 
genealogical table professing to trace her descent from the 
time of William the Conqueror, by means of records, family 
deeds and the like. It is an elaborate and sumptuous docu- 
ment, written on a roll of fine vellum more than sixteen 
feet in length, and adorned with eighty shields richly illum- 

' Bedford, The Luttrells of Four xxxiv.), and sections in Ball's History 

Oaks, p. 7. Among other sources of of the County of Dnhliii (part iv. pp. 

information with regard to this family, 1-21) and Archdall's edition of Lodge's 

there are several articles in the Diet- Peerage of Ireland (vol. iii. pp. 407- 

ionary of National Biography (vol. 413). 



540 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. d. 

inated. ^ For the last three centuries covered, this pedigree 
has every appearance of being authentic ; the early part of 
it is less satisfactory. The really critical point, however, 
comes where the genealogist attempts to connect the Irish 
Luttrells, who bore for arms a chevron between three 
otters, with the English Luttrells who bore a bend between 
six martlets. He does it by making a bold statement that 
the first Sir Hugh Luttrell of Dunster had a younger son 
Robert, who settled in Ireland and assumed a new shield. 
No evidence whatever is offered in support of this story. 

It might be sufficient to observe that a Herald of the 
time of George the Third cannot be accepted as an authority 
with regard to persons who lived in the first half of the 
fifteenth century, and that the Dunster muniments, so rich 
in respect to Sir Hugh Luttrell and his children, contain no 
allusion to a son named Robert. But there is more to be 
said, of a less negative character, as to the ancestry of the 
Earl of Carhampton and the Duchess of Cumberland. 

It has been seen above (pp. 60, 61) that Geoffrey Luttrell, 
the first recorded member of the English family of that 
name, was a minister of King John in Ireland, and acquired 
land in that country. Robert Luttrell, who may have been 
related to him, was a Canon of St. Patrick's, Dublin, in 
1228, and for a time the King's Chancellor in Ireland. ^ At 
the close of that century, Michael Luttrell had property 
near Lucan, in the county of Dublin, at or close to the place 
afterwards known as Luttrellstown. ^ In 1349, there is 
mention of a certain Simon Luttrell in the same neighbour- 
hood, and it may be noted that his Christian name recurs 
in the pedigree of the Irish Luttrells. * Lastly, a certain 
Robert Luttrell, son of John Luttrell, occurs in the reign 
of Henry the Fifth as owning the land that had belonged to 
Simon Luttrell some sixty years before. ^ This is, appar- 
ently, the very Robert whom Edmondson and others fol- 
lowing him have chosen to describe as a younger son of Sir 
Hugh Luttrell of Dunster. 

' This pedigree, in its original case ^ Ibid. I28s-i2g2, pp. 97, 157 ; Cat- 
covered with red morocco,was recently endar of Justiciary Rolls, I2gs-i30i, 
on sale by Mr. E. Menken of 50 Great pp. 76, 222, 301. 
Russell Street, London. ■• Ball, p. 3. 

* Calendar of documents relating to * Twenty-Jour th Report of Deputy 

Irelatidy ii^i-i2§i, passim. Keeper of Records in Ireland, p. 100. 



SEALS 8-IO. 




Sir Andrew Luttrell. 
d. 1265. 




Sir Geoffrey Luttrell. 
d. 1269 or 1270. 




10. 



Sir Geoffrey Luttrel 
d. 1269 or 1270. 



APPENDIX E. 

The Arms and Seals of the Luttrells. 



The heraldry of the Luttrell family presents several 
points of interest, and the series of seals of the Somerset 
branch, preserved among the muniments at Dunster Castle, 
is remarkably perfect. 

Nothing is known as to the arms that Geoffrey Luttrell, 
the founder of the family, may have borne. His son. Sir 
Andrew Luttrell, who died in 1265, granted East Quan- 
tockshead to his second son Alexander, and ratified the deed 
with a seal bearing three bars on a pointed shield, and the 
legend : — " sigill andre luterel. " ^ There are no means 
of ascertaining what the tinctures of the shield may have been. 
The woodcut (No. 8) is copied from a finer impression of 
the same seal in the British Museum. ^ 

The bearing of the three bars must have been soon 
abandoned, for a deed of the year 1261, by which " Geoffrey 
Luterel, son of Sir Andrew Luterel, " granted common of 
pasture at Hooton Paynell to the Prior and brethren of 
St. John of Jerusalem in England, is attested by a green 
seal (No. 9) bearing the device of six martlets, and the 
legend — " sigill. galfridi luterel. " ' Another deed, by 
which the same Geoffrey conveyed the manor of East 
Quantockshead to his younger brother Alexander, is attested 
by a white seal (No. 10) which shows four martlets on a 
shield divided quarterly. * The legend round the seal has 
unfortunately disappeared. 

The grandson of Geoffrey Luttrell, of the same name, 
bore for his arms : — Azure a bend between six martlets 

1 D.C.M. xxn, I. ' Topham Charter 16. 

2 Add. Charter 21268. * D.C.M. xxii, i. 



542 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. e. 

argent. ^ This coat was certainly borne by his descendants 
the Luttrells of Irnham, co. Lincoln, though some modern 
books erroneously assign to them the arms of the Luttrells 
of Somerset. ^ It is, or was, to be seen in the church of 
Hawton, co. Nottingham, ^ and it occurs several times in 
the Luttrell Psalter. In that beautiful manuscript. Dame 
Agnes Luttrell is represented as attired in a dress on which 
her husband's arms are impaled with those of Sutton — Or 
a lion rampant vert. Her daughter-in-law. Dame Beatrice 
Luttrell, appears in the same illumination in a dress on 
which the arms of Sir Andrew Luttrell are impaled with 
Azure a bend or, a label argent^ for Scrope of Masham. ^ 
The arms of a later Sir Andrew are duly blazoned in a roll 
of the time of Richard the Second as Azure a bend between 
six martlets argent. ^ His son. Sir Geoffrey, the last of the 
Luttrells of Irnham had a beautiful seal (No. 1 1), on which 
his arms are shown under a richly mantled helmet crowned 
with an orle and surmounted by his crest, a fish's tail. The 
trees on either side of the helmet appear to have been in- 
troduced merely as ornaments. The legend runs : — " siG- 

ILLUM GALFRIDI LOUTERELL. " ^ 

Like their cousins in Lincolnshire, the Luttrells of East 
Quantockshead bore for arms a bend between six martlets, 
but with this important difference that the field was blazoned 
or instead of azure, and the charges on it sal>/e instead of 
argent. Thus, in a Roll of Arms of the reign of Edward 
the Second, we read : — 

" Sire Andreu Loterel, de or, a une hende e vj merelos de 
sable. 

Sire Geffrey Loterel, de azure, a une bende e vj merelos 
de argent. "^ 

Sir Andrew Luttrell of East Quantockshead is there 
placed among the knights of the county of Lincoln, because 
his estates in Somerset were held under his cousin Sir 
Geoffrey. 

' Guillim'sRollof Armsof thetimeof //awjs/nV^, vol. i, p. 357. 
Edward I., printed in The Genealogist, * Vetiista Moniimcnta, vol. vi. 

vol. i, p. 325. * Willement's Roll of Arms. 

* Nicolab'a Roll of Ar^ns of the reign * Brit. Museum, Add. Charters, 21037, 
of Edward II., 2.nA Roll of Arms of the 21038. 

reign of Edward III. ' Nicolas's Roll of Arms of the reign 

* Thoroton's Antiquities of Notting- of Edward II. 



SEALS I I - 1 4. 




12. 
Sir Alexander 

Luttrell. 
fi- 13^8-1354. 



Sir Geoffrey Luttrell. 
d. 1419. 





13- 

Sir John Luttrell, 

K.B. 

d. 1403. 



14. 

Dame Elizabeth Luttrell. 

d. 1395. 



APP. E. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 543 

Sir Alexander Luttrell, the son and successor of this Sir 
Andrew, used a small seal (No. 12) showing his coat of 
arms within a decorated quatrefoil. The legend runs : — 

" SIGILLU. ALEXANDRI LOTERELL. " ^ 

Sir John Luttrell, K.B. in whom the main line of the 
Luttrells of East Quantockshead became extinct in 1403, 
used a small seal (No. 13) bearing his arms and the legend: — 
"siGiLL. joHis LOTERELL. " ^ The bend on the shields is 
cross-barred — an accidental forestalling by two centuries of 
the modern system of representing sal^/e in heraldry. 

The Luttrells of Chilton, in Devon, a cadet branch of the 
Luttrells of East Quantockshead, differenced their shield 
by the addition of a bordure engrailed sal?k. The seal of 
Dame Elizabeth Luttrell, the purchaser of Dunster (No. 14), 
shows the Luttrell arms within this bordure, impaled with 
those of Courtenay, the whole shield mounted on a double 
rose. The legend round this beautiful seal is : — " sigil- 
LUM ELIZABETH LUTERELL. " ^ The arms of this Lady 
Luttrell are, or were, to be seen at Canterbury. * 

In the month of September 1403, six standards bearing 
the arms of Sir Hugh Luttrell were delivered to some ships 
that were to convey provisions to him in Wales from the 
port of Minehead. ^ When he served under Henry the 
Fifth, at the siege of Rouen a few years later, his shield 
was blazoned — Or, a bend between six martlets saMe within 
a bordure engrailed of the same. " These arms appear on 
the seal (No. 15) which he used during the greater part of 
his life, for legal and official purposes in England and in 
Normandy alike. Proud of the Bohun blood that ran in 
his veins, he placed over his shield a swan, the well-known 
badge of the Bohun family. The legend on the seal is — 
" siGiLLUM HUGONis LUTRELL MiLiTis. " ^ In attesting priv- 
ate letters, warrants to his receiver-general, and other papers 
of an informal character, Sir Hugh Luttrell used a small 
signet (No. 16) bearing a single martlet and two sprigs of 
foliage, instead of his large heraldic seal. ^ Some impres- 
sions of this signet, preserved among the muniments at 

' D.C.M. XXII. 2. * Page 8i above. 

' D.C.M. XXII, 4. « Had. MS. 1586, f. 85. 

' D.C.M. XXXVII, 41. ' D.C.M., and Brit. Museum Add. 

* Willement's Heraldic Notices oj Charter, 1397. 
Canterbury, p. 160. ' D.C.M. xi. i. 



544 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. e. 

Dunster Castle, are attached to documents written on parch- 
ment by a little strip of that material as shown in the 
woodcut ; others are affixed to the manuscripts themselves 
en placard, on a foundation made of a twist of straw. Dame 
Catherine Luttrell, Sir Hugh's wife, used a signet (No. 17) 
bearing a Catherine-wheel in allusion to her Christian name.^ 
There is in a volume at the College of Arms a bad transcript 
of a very interesting French deed by which Hugh Courtenay, 
Earl of Devon, granted his badges to his cousin Sir Hugh 
Luttrell, in 1421.^ It runs as follows : — 

" A tons yceux que cestes nos lettres verront ou orront Hugh 
Courtnay, Count de Devon et S"^ d^ Ockhampton, feiz et hair 
a Mons^ r honorable (?) ' et tresnohle 5" Edward Courtney, 
Count de Devon et S'^ d'Okhampton, que Dieu assoile, saluz 
en Dieu. Sachez nous avons don et grante et par y cestes 
nos lettres confirme a nostre treschere et bon ame coseyn 
Hugh Lutrel Clf et 5"" Donstarre nos bages, cest a savoire 
un Sengler Blanc arme d'or portans come nous portons, 
avecque un diffrence dun doble rose dor sur lespald en dit 
sengler, a avoir et tenoir le dites bages de nostre don al dit 
S'^ Hugh de Luttrell et ses heires a tous jours En test- 
monance de quel chose a ycestes nos presentz lettres nous 
avons mis nostre seale de nous armes. Donne a Plimmouth 
le 1 3 jour de Juell, a temps que nous avons * priz nostre 
voyage ^ par grace de Deux envers nostre tresouveraigne 
Roy en Normandie, Pan du raigne le dit nostre .S' le Roy 
S^ le Henri quint puis le Conquest 9"" ® 

On the strength of this, the Luttrell crest is given as a 
boar passant argent, armed or, charged on the shoulder with 
a double rose of the second, a notable example of one metal 
being placed on another. In point of fact the boar was 
never used as a crest or as a badge by the Luttrells of 
Dunster. It is possible that the double rose on the seal of 

' D. CM. XXII. II. only on the authority of Sampson 

* C. 22. f. 394. Leonard, the very Herald who com- 

* " Thome " in transcript. piled the MS. at the College of Arms. 

* "a notnc" in transcript. He is said to have seen the original 

* " Brage " in transcript. deed with the Earl of Devon's seal 

* The year is given as 7 Henry V, attached, but Prynne does not men- 
instead of 9 Henry V, in a translation tion it in the Calendar of the Muni- 
of this document in Cleaveland's//js/or>' ments at Dunster Castle which he made 
of the Family of Courtenay, p. 211, but in 1650. 



SEALS 15-18. 




16. 

Sir Hugh Luttrell. 

d. 1428. 




15. 

Sir Hugh Luttrell. 

d. 1428. 





I/- 
Dame Catherine 

Luttrell. 
d. 1435- 



18. 

Sir Hugh Luttrell. 

d. 1428. 



APP. E. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 545 

Dame Elizabeth Luttrell, already described, may have been 
derived from the Courtenays, though of course not in con- 
sequence of the grant to Sir Hugh Luttrell, which was not 
made until some years after her death. Sir Hugh Luttrell 
seems to have placed a peculiar interpretation of his own 
on the grant of his noble kinsman, for, while practically 
rejecting the badge of the white boar proffered in it, he 
adopted the crest and the supporters of the head of the 
Courtenay family. The fine heraldic seal (No. 18), which 
he used during the last few years of his life, is a free copy 
of that which the Earl of Devon affixed to the French deed 
just quoted. ^ On both of them the crest is a hrge panac/iCj 
or plume of feathers, rising out of a coronet which encircles 
the helmet ; on both of them the supporters are a pair of 
swans collared and chained, as borne by the Bohuns. 

The shield on Sir Hugh Luttrell's second seal shows the 
bend and the six martlets, without the engrailed bordure 
which appears on his first seal. By the successive deaths of 
Sir John Luttrell, K.B. of East Quantockshead, in 1403, 
and Sir Geoffrey Luttrell, of Irnham, in 141 9, Sir Hugh 
Luttrell had become the chief male representative of his 
family, and there was no longer any occasion for him to 
exhibit a mark of cadency on his coat of arms. The legend 
on his second seal is — " s. hugonis [lutrell] militis dni 

DE DUNSTERRE. " ^ 

For many years after attaining his majority, John Luttrell 
was in the habit of using a seal (No. 19) closely resembling 
the first seal of his father, Sir. Hugh. It will be observed, 
however, that the swan above the shield is represented with 
closed wings, and that the shield is charged with a label 
as a mark of cadency. The legend is : — " sigillum 
joHANNis LUTTRELL ARMiGERi. " ^ John Luttrell also had a 
signet (No. 20) bearing the device of an otter with some 
water and a letter * l ' below and the letters * trell ' above, 
which was evidently intended as a pun on his surname, as the 
French for an otter, loutre, when followed by the syllable 
' trell ' made up ' Lcutretrell, ' or shortly ' Loutrell. ' * 
Such a signet, though good enough for an heir apparent, was 

' There are several impressions of - D.C.M. xxiv. 6. 

the seal of Hugh, Earl of Devon, in ^ D.C.M. xxxvii. 46, 52. 

the British Museum. * D.C.M. xxxvi. 2. 



546 



A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. e. 



not deemed worthy of the Lord of Dunster, and the lawyers 
of the day seem to have raised objections to it. The result 
was that when John Luttrell affixed it to a release, shortly 
after his father's death, a memorandum was drawn up to the 
effect that he had sealed the deed with his signet in the 
presence of certain credible witnesses, but that he would 
seal it again with a seal bearing his coat of arms after his 
next visit to London, where he intended to order a suitable 
seal. ^ He had probably abandoned his first heraldic seal at 
the time when his father resolved to omit the engrailed 
bordure from the arms of the Luttrells of Dunster. The 
new seal engraved for him resembles the later heraldic seal 
of his father (No. i8), but he is still described on it as 
' esquire (armigeri) ' ' It is recorded in the Heralds' Visit- 
ation of the county of Devon, that 

" This Sir John tooke the Queen of Scotts prisoner in the 
fielde, after which hee bare a Coronett for his Creast, and after 
he took an Earle of France prisoner, and may here a swan for 
his Creast, collered and chained. " * 
The story, however, is not supported by any contemporary 
evidence, and it may safely be dismissed as mythical, inas- 
much as the crest-coronet and the chained swan were alike 
borne by Sir John Luttrell's father and derived from the 
Courtenays. Dame Margaret Luttrell, the relict of Sir John, 
did not use a signet, her receipts being simply attested by 
her signature. 

James Luttrell, Sir John's son and successor, bore on his 
signet (No. 21) a single martlet. * His larger seal (No. 22) 
shows the Luttrell shield supported by swans. Here first 
appears the crest of an otter which was used by several of 

1 " Memorandum quod Johannes sigillum suuin erit factum, quia in 

Lutrell,filiiis et heres Hugouis Lutrcll, veritaic sigillum siinm non est adhuc 

sigillavit islam relaxacioiicm cum signc- factum, scd erit, qua iido predictus Jo- 

to sua apiid Glastiouiam in comitatu hannes Lutrcll, proxime venerit ad 

Somersclensi tcrcio die Scplemhris anno Loiidoniam, quod erit infra breve tem- 

regni Regis Henrici Sexti post conqties- pus. " Transcript of Surrenden Char- 

tunt seplimo, in presencia Thome Stawell ters made by the late Rev. Lambert 

militis, Hiigonis Cary senescalli Abbatis B. Larking. 

Glastonic, Thome Leiiesham deScaccario - Court of Wards, Deeds and Evi- 

domini Regis, WiUclmi Corner et Thome dences, Box 2. 

Colbrokc armigeronim, et plurimorum ^ Harl. MSS. T080, f. 156; 1163, f. 

aliorum. Et predictus Johannes Lut- 116. The early part of the Luttrell 

rell concessit prcfato Hiigoni Cary ad pedigree there given is not entitled to 

sigillandam predictam relaxacionem any sort of credit. 

cum sigillo armorum suorum quando * D.C.M. xxxv, 4. 



SEALS 19-22. 




20. 

Sir John Luttrcll 
d. 1430. 




19. 

Sir John Luttrell. 

d. 1430. 





21. 

Sir James Luttrell. 

d, 1461. 



22. 



Sir James Luttrell. 
d. 1 46 1. 



APP. E. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 547 

his descendants. The legend is simply :— " James lut- 
RELL, " and the character of the engraving shows the 
decadence in art. ^ 

Sir Hugh Luttrell, K.B. the eventual successor to Sir James, 
used a somewhat similar seal (No. 23). The legend is :— 

« HUGH LUTTRELL, KNYGHT. " ' His signet (No. 24) whlch 

is square in form bears a martlet reversed and a sprig of 
foliage. ' This Sir Hugh Luttrell appears to have put up 
the heraldic tablet which is to be seen over the western arch 
of the Gatehouse at Dunster Castle. The Luttrell shield is 
there represented in the upper compartment as supported 
on the backs of two swans, collared and chained as usual. 
Over this is a richly mantled helm affrontee and in high 
relief, carrying as a crest some animal of which the body 
and the forelegs alone now remain, while above all a second 
crest, an otter courant, is shown on the same plane as the 
shield. In the lower compartment there are eight shields: — 

1. Luttrell (without any bordure) impaUng Courtenay ; 

2. Luttrell impaling Beaumont; 3. Luttrell impaling Audley; 
4. Luttrell impaling Courtenay of Powderham ; 5. Luttrell 
impaling Hill; 6. Luttrell impaling a blank.* The seventh 
and eighth shields are blank. The arms of Sir Hugh 
Luttrell, impaling a saltire 'z;^/V between four mullets pierced, 
the arms of his first wife Margaret Hill, are also on his 
monument in the church of East Quantockshead. 

Sir Andrew Luttrell did not fill up the shield prepared 
for him on the Gatehouse at Dunster, but his arms impaled 
with those of Wyndham, a chevron between three lions' 
heads, are carved on the monument at East Quantockshead. 
It does not appear whether he ever had a heraldic seal. 
His signet (No. 25) bears his badge the swan collared, and 
a French motto which may be read either " tous sur, " or 

" sur TOUS. " '" 

Mention has been made of Dame Margaret Luttrell's 
bequest to her daughter, Margaret Edgcumbe, of her best 
and largest carpet, a piece of silken tapestry measuring 1 8 ft. 
3 in. by 6 ft. 7 in. "" The ground of the central portion is 
black, ornamented with an elaborate geometrical pattern of 

' D.C.M. XXXVII, 15. ■• See page 363 above. 

2 D.C.M. I. 30 ; II. 4. ' D.C.M. v. 18. 

' D.C.M. ^ Page 141 above. 



548 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. e. 

yellow circles, interlaced with floriated yellow quatrefoils and 
green squares. In the centre of each circle there is a blue 
floriated cross radiating from a stifl* yellow sunflower : in the 
centres of the quatrefoils and squares, Tudor roses alternate 
with honeysuckles. The border has a running pattern of 
honeysuckles and sunflowers on a red ground. At inter- 
vals, white lilies, growing in the border, impinge upon the 
central part of the design. The heraldic adornments of the 
carpet are very interesting and beautiful. In the centre, 
surrounded by a wreath of lilies, honeysuckles, and daisies, 
and hanging from the neck of a white swan, is the shield of 
Luttrell impaling Wyndham, with the initials of Sir Andrew 
Luttrell below. ^ On the left of it, surrounded by a wreath 
of lilies and daisies, is the shield of Luttrell impaling Hill, 
with the initials ' H ' (reversed) and * M ' below, standing 
for Sir Hugh Luttrell and Margaret his wife. On the 
right, surrounded by a wreath of lilies and cherries issuing 
from a vase, is the shield of Luttrell impaling Courtenay of 
Powderham, with the initials of Sir James Luttrell above. ^ 
On these three principal shields, gold thread and silver 
thread are used for the two heraldic metals. In the border 
there are twelve simpler shields, varying considerably in 
shape and size, and placed at irregular intervals without 
regard to the symmetry of the general design. These are: — 
Luttrell impaling Beaumont ; Wyndham impaling Scrope 
quartered with Tibetot ; Luttrell impaling Audley; Luttrell 
impaling Hill : Luttrell impaling Wyndham ; Luttrell im- 
paling Hill; Luttrell impaling Wyndham; Luttrell impahng 
Hill ; Luttrell impaling Audley; Courtenay of Powderham; 
Beaumont ; Courtenay of Powderham. It will be observed 
that the arrangement of the shields is casual. There are no 
crests or mottoes on the carpet. It must have been made 
for the high table at Dunster or East Quantockshead,between 
1 5 14 and 1538, or at latest 1543. 

Sir John Luttrell, the * noble captain, ' used a signet 
(No. 26) which bears a swan collared and chained, without 
any motto. ^ After his death, this signet was successively 
used by his brother Thomas, and his nephew George Lut- 

' See the illustration facing page 137. signed : — " By me John Luttrell, 

* See the illustration facing page 120. Squyar. " 

* D.C.M. XIX. 25. This deed is also 



SEALS 23-27. 





24 

Sir Hugh Luttrell, K.B 

d. 1521. 




26. 
Sir John Luttrell. 
cl. 1551. 




25. 

Sir Andrew Luttrell. 
d. 1538. 



23- 
Sir Hugh Luttrell, K.B. 

d. 1521. 




27. 
Nicholas Luttrel 
d. 1592. 



APP. E. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 549 

trell. ^ It is not certain whether the peacock in the curious 
allegorical portrait of Sir John Luttrell is intended as an 
allusion to the panache crest of the Luttrell family or as an 
emblem of Juno. A picture in which his daughter, Lady 
Copley, is represented in a heraldic mantle has been men- 
tioned above. ^ 

Nicholas Luttrell of Honibere, a younger brother of Sir 
John, bore on his signet (No. 27) a bird which somewhat 
resembles a crow, but which was doubtless intended to 
represent a martlet. ^ His descendants, the Luttrells of 
Hartland, differenced the arms of the Luttrells of Dunster 
by the addition of a crescent. According to the Heralds' 
Visitation of Devonshire, they bore as a crest the Courtenay 
badge granted to Sir Hugh Luttrell by the Earl of Devon, 
a boar argent^ armed and crined or, charged on the shoulder 
with a double rose of the second. ^ 

On a brass of the year 1566, which was once to be seen 
in the church of Bryanston, in Dorset, there were engraved 
the arms of Rogers impaled with those of Luttrell, charged 
with a mullet for difference, recording the alliance between 
Sir Richard Rogers of that place and Cecily daughter of Sir 
Andrew Luttrell, of Dunster. ^ 

As has already been stated, Thomas Luttrell of Dunster, 
and his son " old George Luttrell, " the rebuilder of the 
Castle, used the signet of Sir John Luttrell (No. 26). The 
latter of these two, however, found it convenient to have a 
distinctive seal of his own, and reverted to the panac/ie crest, 
which had not been used by his ancestors since the time of 
the first Sir Hugh Luttrell. His seal (No. 28) shows a 
plume of twelve feathers arranged in two rows rising out of 
a crest-coronet. ^ The otter, however, still appears as the 
crest over the coat of arms which George Luttrell set up in 
the Hall at Dunster Castle in 1589. The shield there, sup- 
ported by two swans collared and chained proper, is divided 
quarterly i and 4 Luttrell, 2 and 3 quarterly, i and 2 guks 
on a chevron or three cross-crosslets sah/e for Hadley, 
2 and 3 or on a bend cotised sai?ie three bears' heads argent, 

' D.C.M. * Diary of Richard Symonds (Cam- 

* Page 164. den Society), p. 128. 
^ D.C.M. XIV. 12. fi D.C.M. VII. 17. 

* Harl. MS. 108, f. 156. 



550 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. e. 

bridled gules^ for Durborough. The motto baneath is : — 
" QUiEsiTA MARTE TUENDA ARTE. " Thcsc arms appear again 
on the pompous monument which George Luttrell set up in 
Dunster Church in 1621, surmounted in this case by two 
helmets carrying his crests, the panache and the otter. The 
arms of George Luttrell with the panache crest occur at the 
Luttrell Arms Hotel, at Dunster, and at the manor-house of 
East Quantockshead. In a room on the first floor in the 
former of these houses, the arms of Luttrell are impaled 
with a chevron between three trefoils slipped, the reputed 
arms of Silvestra Capps, the second wife of George Luttrell. 

Thomas Luttrell, eldest son and successor of George, 
used a seal of which the woodcut (No. 29) is to some extent 
a conjectural restoration, the original impression of it being 
very much defaced. ^ The arms of this Thomas Luttrell, 
impaled with those of his wife Jane Popham, argent on a 
chief ^«/^j, two bucks' heads cabossed or, with a crescent for 
diffxsrence, may be seen on the monument in Dunster Church, 
and at the old house at Marshwood. The arms of his 
younger brother Hugh, impaled with those of his wife Jane 
Lyte, gules a chevron between three swans argent, were set 
up in the domestic chapel of the old manor-house of Lytes- 
cary in 1631. 

Honora Luttrell, the daughter-in-law of Thomas Luttrell, 
used a small seal (No. 30) which had doubtless belonged to 
her husband, George Luttrell. It bears the Luttrell arms 
with an otter as crest. 

Lucy Luttrell, the relict of Francis Luttrell, the next 
owner of Dunster Castle, used a very similar seal (No. 31). 

Francis Luttrell, of Dunster Castle, her son, also used a 
similar seal (No. 32) rather larger in size. His arms, im- 
paled with those of Tregonwell, argent three pellets in fesse 
cotised sable between three Cornish choughs proper, are 
introduced into the ornamental frieze of the parlour at 
Dunster Castle, supported by chained swans and surmounted 
by a plume of feathers. The Tregonwell crest is there 
given on a separate medallion. 

Colonel Alexander Luttrell, of Dunster Castle, used a 
seal (No. 33) bearing the Luttrell arms differenced with a 

' D.C.M. VII. 17. 



SEALS 28-35. 




30- 
Honora Luttrell. 

fl. 1652-1656. 




31- 
Lucy Luttrell. 

d. 1718. 




Col. Francis Luttrell. 
tl. 1690. 





28. 

George Luttrell. 

d. 1629. 




29. 

Thomas Luttrell. 

d. 1644. 



33- 

Col. Alex. Luttrell. 

d. I J II. 




34. 
Alexander Luttrell. 

d. 1737. 




35- 
Alexander Luttrell. 

d- 1737- 



APP. E. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 551 

crescent, as he had been for many years a younger son. The 
crest resembling a fox is presumably an otter. 

Alexander Luttrell, his eldest son and successor, some- 
times used this seal, but had another (No. 34) engraved for 
himself, on which his arms are impaled with those of 
Trevelyan, gules a demi-horse argent^ hoofed and maned or, 
issuing out of water in base proper. He had yet another 
seal (No. 't^^)^ which shows the Luttrell arms supported by 
chained swans, and surmounted by a well-shaped panache. 
The motto is — ' qu^sita marte tuenda arte. ' 

Between the date of the death of this Alexander Luttrell 
and that of her own re-marriage, Margaret his relict used a 
seal very similar to his smaller seal (No. 34), but with the 
arms on a lozenge instead of a shield. 

Since the marriage of the heiress, Margaret Luttrell with 
Henry Fownes in 1747, they and their descendants have 
borne a quarterly shield — i and 4 Luttrell ; 2 and 3 
Fownes : — Azure two eagles displayed, and in base a mullet 
argent. The crest of the otter has been quietly abandoned, 
and the fine panache crest has dwindled into a plume 
of five stiff feathers issuing out of a coronet. The motto 
' Quasita marte tuenda arte ' has become practically heredit- 
ary, and the successive heads of the family have maintained 
the claim — so rare among English commoners — of using 
supporters. The swans of the noble Bohuns and Courtenays 
are conspicuous on the porch of Dunster Castle. 



APPENDIX F 



The Priors of Dunster. 



The following is the fullest list of the Benedictine Priors 
of Dunster that has yet appeared. Such surnames as 
Hampton, Bristow {i.e. Bristol), and Abyndon were not 
patronymics, and merely indicated the birthplaces of the 
monks to whom they were applied. 

1257-1274.] Martin. ^ 

R. (Richard of Childeston .?) ' 

Walter. ' 

Robert of Sutton. * 

Adam of Cheddar. ^ 

WiUiam Thouer. ^ 

Richard of Childeston.] ^ 

John Hervey. ^ 

William Bristow. ^ 

John Buryton. ^^ 

John Henton. ^^ 

William Cary. '^ 

Thomas Lacock. '^ 

Richard. '* 

William Hampton. ^^ 

William Bristow. ^^ 



1301.] 

1308.] 

1332. 

1337- 

I355-] 
.1357? 
.1376.] 

1411-1417.] 

1423-] 
1425. 

I437-. 



I443-. 
1449 

1463 
[1470.J 



' Cartulary of Mynchin Buckland ; 
D.C.M. VIII. 2 ; XVII. I. 

* Two Chartularics of Bath, L. 580. 
See page 393 above. 

* Two Chartularics, L. 560. 

* Dugdale'sMo«as/«co;/,vol. ii. p. 259. 

* Two ChartularieSy L. 780. 

* Assize Roll, no. 772, m. 27. 
' See page 393 above. 

8 D.C.M. I. 4.' 



9 D.C.M. XI. i; D.C.B. no. 71. 
'"D.C.M. XII. I. 

" D.C.B. no. 81 ; Weaver's Somerset 
Incumbents, p. 361. 
'2 D.C.M. xviii. 6. 
'3 D.C.M. XII. 3. 
" D.C.M. XII. 3. 

'■■^ Brit. Museum Add!. MS. 25887. 
'6 D.C.M. XII. 3- 



APP. F. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 



553 



1489-1494.] 
1498. 
1504. 
1 509. J 

L1535 



John Abyndon. ^ 
Thomas Browne. 
Richard Pester. ^ 
Thomas. * 
John Griffith. ' 



The Vicars and Curates of Dunster. 

The following is the fullest list that has yet appeared ot 
the priests who successively served the cure of Dunster. 
It seems to be continuous from 1313 to 1528, but no Curates 
were instituted by the Bishop between the dissolution of 
the Priory and 1821. ^ For nearly three centuries, there- 
fore, the parish registers and the churchwardens' accounts 
are the main sources of information. 

Richard the Chaplain, 
[f. 1213.] Robert de Vaux. 

13 13. Thomas Cote. He exchanged for 

Timberscombe. 
13 19. Ralph of Gloucester. He resigned. 

1333. John of Cherbury. 

^333- Richard of Keynsham. 

Robert of Ichestoke. He resigned, 
and was presented to Carhampton. 
1362. Robert Drayton. 

Robert Ryvers. He died Vicar. 
1406. John Corbyn. He exchanged for 

Little Wittenham. 
1409. Roger Holford. He died Vicar. 

1415. William Drayton. He exchanged for 

Oare. 
141 7. Thomas Prydle. He died Vicar. 



' Weaver's Somerset Incumbetits, 
p. 326. 

^ See page 402 above. 

' Somerset Medieval Wills, vol. ii. 
p. 61. 



* D.C.M. XIII. I. 

' D.C.M. XIII. 4; Valor Ecclesiasticus, 
vol. i. p. 220. 
^ See pages 414, 418 above. 



554 



A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. app. f. 



:4i8 
421 

434 
[446 

^447 
451 
476 

485 

494 

^495 

507 

511 
512 

5H 

515 

528 

S3S 

582 
592 
598 

600. 
603- 

639- 
641- 

661- 
673- 

704- 

731- 
741- 

743- 
746. 

747 
748 
752 

753 



John Bacwell. He died Vicar. 

Thomas Barry. He resigned. 

Thomas Russell. He was deprived. 

WiUiam Robbs. 

John Sloo. He died Vicar. 

William Russell. He died Vicar. 

John Lucas. He resigned. 

Richard Harris. He resigned, and 
was presented to Carhampton. 

Thomas Kyngsbury. He resigned. 

William Bond. He resigned. 

Richard Davys. He resigned. 

William Rogers. He resigned. 

Robert Williamson. He resigned. 

John Fymores. 

William Hooper. He resigned. 

John Thomas. 
-I 56 1.] John Rice. He was buried in Sep- 
tember 1561. 
,] William Hodgson. 

.] James Listone. 

Christopher Williams. He was bu- 
ried in April 1600. 

David Williams. 

Thomas Smith. He was buried in 
April 1638. 

Robert Browne. 

Robert Snelling. 

Richard Savin. 

John Graunt. He was buried in 
February 1704. 

William Kymer. 

John Question. 

Robert Norris. 

Jeremiah Davies. 

William Cox. 

Richard Bawden. 
-175 1.] James Gould. 
.] Richard Bawden (again). 

"'755-] J^nies Gould (again). 



-1600.] 



1638.] 

1640. 
1642. 
1662. 

1704.; 

1729. 
1738. 
1743- 
1745- 



APP. F. 



A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 555 



1755- 

1755- 
1756-1758 

1758-1759 

I759-I773-J 

1773 



1821 



1872 
1886 
1894 
1898 



John Smith. 

Thomas Cooke. 

Richard Bawden (again). 

John Anthony. 

William Camplin. 

George Henry Leigh. He died in 
August I 82 1. 

Thonias Fownes Luttrell. He died 
in December 1871. 

Richard Utten Todd. He died in 
June 1886. 

Geoffrey Harrington Simeon. He 
resigned. 

Arthur Wynell Mayow. He re- 
signed. 

Frederick. Hancock. 



ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 



Page 1 1 . 

Yolenta daughter of William de Mohun the Third, 
married Ralph son of William son of Durand de Mohun, 
who may have been a distant cousin. ^ He was the 
principal military tenant of the Honour of Dunster, and 
he gave his name to Brompton Ralph. ^ 

Page 17. 

Line 11, add : — Roger de Tony granted to William de 
Mohun, in frank marriage with Juliana his * kinswoman ', 
presumably his grand-daughter, an annuity of 10/. 13 J. 
out of the manor of South Tawton in Devonshire. Their 
issue continued for several generations. John de Mohun, 
son and heir of John de Mohun, had property at South 
Tauton in 1305, and a person of the same name was 
Bailiff of that Hundred in the middle of the fourteenth 
century. Furthermore, a certain John ' Mahoune ' died 
in April 1393, seised of the annuity mentioned above, and 
leaving an heir who was under age in 1397. ^ 

Page 33, last line. 

Sir Nicholas Carew had acquired her marriage for his 
son, in February 1295, from her aunt Isabel de Fienles, 
who had in turn acquired it from the Queen-mother. * 

Page 44. 

Sir John de Mohun the Fifth and his wife made an 
arrangement with the Abbot and Convent of the neigh- 
bouring monastery of Cleeve, whereby the latter under- 

' Mohun Cartulary; Bruton Cartu- i4ssoc/a/70n,vol. xxxiii. p.431; vol.xxxiv 

lary, (S.R.S.) pp. 55, 60; B.M. Addl. pp. 610, 618 ; Inq. post mortem (Earl 

Charter 11 160; Pipe Roll, no. 56. of Warwick), C. i. file 264. 

* Assize Roll, no. 1262, m. 6d. * MS. 33. at Haccombe, co. Devon. 

* Transactions of the Devonshire 



ADD. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 557 

took that certain masses should be said for them to the 
end of time by one of their number, to be called 
* Mohun's monk '. ^ 

^^^n^illustration of the remarkable position occupied by 
Lady de Mohun during her husband's lifetime we may 
notice a royal grant to her of a wardship while she was a 
' feme covert. ' ^ 

^^^The following letter trom Sir Hugh Luttrell to Henry 
the Fifth was written in 1420, four days after the marriage 
of that prince to Catherine daughter of the French 

'"^«" Wei excellent, and myghtyfull Prince, my redoubt- 
abel and souverain Lord, I yowr meke and trewe lige 
recommande me unto yowr heye and soveraine noblesce 
as mekely as I can or may. Unto the whyche lyke 
to wyte that wyth all lowlynesse I have yreceyved yowr 
worshipfull lettres, the whiche of yowr benigne grace 
ye have enclyned yow to sende unto me, not having 
reward unto my simplenesse of my persone but to the 
exaltation of yowr heye discretion, in also much as 1 am 
unworthy therto ; be the which I have undurstonde 
that the Creatour of all thyng of Hise heygh pourveance 
hath used yow in herte to bryng yow unto the con- 
clusion of perpetual pesbetux the two remes (realms) that 
ever owt of mende of ony cronicles han ben in discention, 
schewyng yow fortune to conclude and bring at an 
ende that noo mankynde myght hyr bifore have 
iwroght ; thankyng God wyth meke herte that He hath 
isend unto me that grace to abyde that tyme for to 
seye hyt, as for the gretist gladnesse and consolation 
that ever come unto my herte, not dredyng in my selt 
that He that hath send yow that grace in so schort a 
tyme schal send yow moch more in tyme commyng. 

" And as towchyng my simple persone yif yow lyke 
to wyte, at the makyng of this lettre, I was desesed ot 

. Mohun Cartulary. ^ Sir Henry Ellis ^^f;^'^\^^^ 

2 Calendar of Clolc Rolls, 1360-1364, to the year 1421. /Ongnal Letteis, 
^-» Second Series, vol. 1. p. B4-) 



SS^ A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. add. 

my persone be the hond of owre Creatour, in so moch 
that I may not exerce myn office as my will were, as 
yowr trewe knyght Sir John Colville and Maister 
Pierres your phisicien ^ schall enfourme yow more 
playnely than I may write unto yow at this tyme ; 
wheruppon I have isend yowr men that were in my 
company unto my Lord of Salsbery, for to do yow 
service ther, as most neth ys as this tyme, for in this 
sith in the bailliage of Caux, ne in the march of Picard, 
blessed be God, ther ys no steryng of none evyl doers, 
saf byonde the rivere of Sayne toward the Basse 
Normandy of certaine brigaunts. And whan God of 
His grace fowchsaf to bryng me owt of Hise prison, 
I schal gouverne me in the excercise of myn office 
at yowr worship, and as I am ihold for to doo. 

" And as towchyng my worshipfull lord the Duke 
of Bedford, yowr brother, atte hyse arrivayl I rood 
agayn hym to the Kyef de Caux, and told hym the 
poverte of this countre. Wheruppon he gouverned 
hym and all yowr men in hise company in swych 
maner that all thyse countre blesseth hym and hyse 
meyny (retinue) in swych wyse that I have ihad noo 
complainte of ham eftir hyse partyng. Wherfore be 
my simple discretion he ys thankworthy, the which I 
remete unto yowr hygh discretion. 

" More can not I say at this tyme, but I pray unto 
God of Hys grace encresce yow in worship, prosperite, 
and perfit joye, and send yow good lif and long lastyng. 
Iwrite at yowr town of Harefleu the vj*^ day of 
June, 

Yowr meke lyge 
Hugh Luttrell. " 

" A treshault et tresexcellent Prince nostre tresedoubte 
et tressouverain seignur le Roy de France et d'Engle- 
terre ". 

Page 105. 

In line 8, for ' mendding ' reat:^ * mending '. 

' Piers de Alcobasse. 



ADD. A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. 559 

^^^In an inventory of the pictures belonging to Lord 
Lumley in 1590, there is mention of portraits 

"Of Sir John Lutterel, who died of the sweat in King 

Edward 6th's time ". 

« Of Mr. Thomas Wyndeham, drowned in the sea returneinge 

from Ginney '*. ' 

These are presumably the pictures now at Badmondis- 
field Hall and Longford Castle. The inventory describes 
several portraits as painted by Hans Eworth, an artist 
from Antwerp, who may have used the monogram ' LE ', 
and may have executed many of the works hitherto at- 
tributed to Lucas d'Heere, including both the portraits 
of Sir John Luttrell. As he was resident at Southwark 
in 1552, ' the dates agree well enough. 

Page 269. 

In line 7, /or Carhampton read Withycombe. 

Page 271. 

In line 6,/or' 1872' r^^^*i87i . 
The date under the portrait of John Fownes Luttrell, 
opposite, should be * 1782 ', as in the text. 

Page 275. 

Mr. Hugh Courtenay Fownes Luttrell has a son, 

William, born in December 1908. 

Mr. Claude Mohun Fownes Luttrell is a Director 
of Stuckey's Banking Company, Limited. 

Paffe "^ '^ • 

In line 9 of the footnote, for ' Richard ', rea^i * R '. 

Page 424. 

After line 22 add:— It is, however, possible that, 
in the fifteenth century, there were at least two screens 
under the central tower of Dunster Church, that is to say 
a rood-screen between the two western piers and a choir- 
screen between the two eastern piers. The screen now 
in the south transept may consequently represent the 

1 Milner & Benham, Records of the ' Return of Aliens (Huguenot Socie- 

Lumleys, r- 33i- ^y^' ''°^- *• "'• ^^5- 



560 A HISTORY OF DUNSTER. add. 

latter. At the time of its removal to its present position, 
it was reduced in height, and the cornice was freely 
altered. 

Page 425. 

In the last line, /or Margery read Margaret. 

Page 480. 

In line 32, add : — Thomas Mohun and Isabel his 
wife, who was almost certainly a daughter of Richard 
and Margaret Eyr, were living in 1398 and 141 8. They 
had a son William. ^ The names Isabel and Elizabeth 
were synonymous. 

Page 497. 

William de Mohun of Carhampton is described, in 
131 1, as son of Sir William de Mohun. ^ 

John Mohun and Joan his wife had episcopal licence 
for an oratory at Puslinch in 1405. ' 

Reynold Mohun, Rector of Alphington in Devonshire 
died in 1398. * 

Page 509. 

In the last line but one of the text, /or ' Geoffrey ' read 
' Godfrey. ' 

Page 543. 

Add : — There is a heraldic seal of Sir John Luttrell or 
Chilton attached to a deed (no. 202) of the year 1340 in 
the possession of the Mayor and Corporation of Exeter. 

' Stafford's Register (ed. Hingeston * D.C.M. xvii. i. 

Randolph), pp. 274, 277, Ancient Deeds ' Stafford's Register, p. 273. 

(P.R.O.), A. 10546. " Ibid. p. 141. 



GENERAL INDEX. 

All places not otherwise described are in Somerset. 

Some cadets of the families of Mohun and Luttrell mentioned only in the 

Appendixes are indexed collectively under their respective Christian names. 



Abbot, Prudence daughter of William, 

514- 

William and Agnes, 496. 
Aberdour (Scotland), 142, 145. 
Abraham, Dr. 335. 
Accorso, Francesco d', 36. 
Acland, Sir Thomas, 236, 251, 442. 

Sir Thomas Dyke, 273, 274, 442. 
Adam of Cheddar, Prior of Dunster, 

Chamberlain of Bath, 392. 
Adam the dyer, 297. 
Adams, Mr. 247. 
Adbeer, 497. 
Addis, Anne, 494. 
Adelard the Steward, 384. 
Admiralty, Board of, 528. 

Court of, 132. 
^Ifric (Aluric), 276, 434. 
Affeton (Devon). Sec Buck. 
Africa, 528. 

Agincourt, battle of, 52. 
Aguylon, Joan wife of Robert, 499. 

Robert, 32. 
Alcobasse, Piers de, physician, 558. 
Alcombe, manor and tithing, 31, 230, 
276, 339, 346, 383, 384, 386, 409, 
410, 421. 

Chapels of St. Michael, 347. 373. 

456, 457- 
courts, 456, 457. 
Cross, 254, 257, 258, 346, 347. 
free, conventionary, and customary 

tenants, 456. 
tithes, 412. 

Wyneard and Pytte in, 456. 
Aldenham (Hertford), the Mohuns of, 

495. 503- 
Aldridge, the Rev. Geoffrey de Y. and 

Florence Louisa, 538. 
Aldercombe (Cornwall). See Orchard. 
Ale, 81, 97, 112-114, 117, 187, 278, 

283, 303, 310. 



Ale-wives, 303. 

Alexander, Mr. of Taunton, 226. 

Alfoxton, 73. 

Algar, 455. 

Algar (Algore) in Dunster, 410. 

AUce the webber, 297. 

Aller, Rector of, 97. 

Aller in Carhampton, 274, 347. 

Alliremore, 96. 

Almain, King of. See Richard. 

Alnwick (Northumberland), 43. 

Altaribus, Odo de, 384. 

Aluric. See ^Ifric. 

Amadas, Agnes daughter of William, 

495. 496. 
Ancona (Italy), 382. 
Angers (France),Priory of St.Nicholas, 

78. 
Anglesey, Arthur Earl of, 488. 
Angus, Earl of, 151. 
Anne, Queen, 215. 
Anne, Queen of Richard II, 54, 57. 
Annesley, Philippa, 488. 
Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, 

384, 385- 
Antony and Cleopatra, the story of, 

374, 375- 
Antwerp (Belgium), 163, 559. 
Archery, 115, I39, 3o8. 
Arflue. Sec Harfleur. 
Argyll, Earl of, 151, 154. 
Arismendi, General, 529. 
Arlington (Devon), 466. Sec also 

Chichester ; Poyntz. 
Arms and armour, 81, 145, 206, 357. 
Arms, the College of, 516, 523, 544. 
Arnold, Richard, 89-93. 

William, architect, 366, 367. 
Arques (Normandy), 59. 
Arundel (Sussex), 349, 419. 
Arundel, Richard, Earl of, 50. 
Arundel, Sir Thomas, and Bridget, of 
Tolverne, 483. 

Jane, of Exford, 533. 



562 



INDEX 



Arundel, contci. 

the Rev. Nathaniel, 533. 

Roger, 281, 282. 

Thomas and Elizabeth, of Chide- 
ock, 177. 
Arundell of Wardour, Lord, 510. 

Maria Christina, Lady, 510. 
Arworthal (Cornwall), 478. 
Ashe, Edward and Frances, 216. 
Ashton. Sec Chudleigh. 
Assize of ale, 304. 
Assize, the ' bloody ', 205. 
Aston, Cordelia relict of Sir Roger, 

486. 
Astyng, William, of La Bergsche, 435. 
Athelney, Abbot and Convent of, 133. 
Athol, Earl of, 154. 
Atkin, Thomas and Elizabeth, 517. 
Audit of Public Accounts, Commis- 
sioners for, 273. 
Audley, Lord, 114, 127. 

Sir Humphrej', 127, 169. 

Sir James, 46, 436, 446-449. 

James, son of Sir Nicholas, 446. 

Joan, wife of Sir Nicholas, 446. 

Philippa, 169. 

arms of, 363, 547, 548. 
Augmentations, Court of, 411, 421. 
Aule. See Avill. 

Australia, Luttrell family in, 528, 529. 
Avalgor, Alan de, 16. 
Avele. See Avill. 
Avelham in Dunster, 9, 160, 318, 344, 

384, 385- 

Corner, 342. 
Avill, 274, 276, 341, 384, 391, 434, 435, 
440. 

Chapel of St. Mary Magdalene, 
347, 440. 

courts, 435, 437, 439, 442. 

fishing-weir, 436. 

Manor, 321, 436-442. 

Manor-house, 347, 440. 

Mills, 327, 435, 441, 442. 

reeve of, 437, 438. 

tithes of, 412. 

Vale of, 352, 382. 
Avill, Agnes of, 434. 

Geoffrey of, 283, 435. 

Henry of, 434. 

Hugh of, 279, 435. 

Richard of, 282, 435. 

William of, 435. 
Avory, Joan relict of William, 520. 
Awcombe Mead. Sec Alcombe. 
Axminster (Devon), 17,21, 26,437,501. 
Aylerd, Richard, 279. 
Ayreminne, William, Bishop of Nor- 
wich, 44. 
Ayres, Marshall and Elizabeth, 520, 
521. 



B 



Bacon, 102. 

Bacwell, John, 83, 87, 95, 107, 356. 
Badgvvorth, 444, 537. 
Badmondisfield Hall (Suffolk), por- 
trait at 157, 158, 559. 
Bagborough, East, 64. 
Bagg, Sir James, 485, 486. 
Baker, Giles, 178. 

Henry, 96. 

Richard, 399. 

Sarah daughter of Daniel, 524. 
Bampiield, Sir Amias, 530. 

Anne daughter of Richard, 530. 

Peter and Agnes, 74. 
Bampton (Devon), 17. See also Court- 

enay. 
Bancks, Sir Jacob, 217, 218, 220, 244, 

245, 372. 

Lady. See Luttrell, Mary wife of 
Francis. 
Barlborough Hall (Derby), 380. 
Barlbienshay. See Parlbienshay. 
Barlinch Priory, 20, 74. 
Barnfather, Mr. 253. 
Barnstaple (Devon), 6, 182, 187, 192, 

512. Sec also Downe ; Gregory. 
Barons' War, 23. 
Barrington. See Daubeny. 
Barrow, Edward and Honor, 141. 
Basqueville, Baskerville, family, 2. 
Basset, Isabel relict of Sir Gilbert, 32, 
Bastard, William and Isabel, 61-63. 
Baston, Mr. 254, 258. 
Basyng, Edward, 438. 
Batelyn, John, 398. 
Bateman, Richard, 380, 381. 
Bath, 94, 374, 392, 535. 

Abbey Church, 260, 383, 533. 

Archdeacon of. Sec Moysey. 

monks of, 5, 10, 30, 324, 384-387, 
389, 391, 392, 399, 400, 402, 403, 
414,443, 455,457- 

Prior of, 400, 409. See also Sutton. 

Richard, Prior of, 387. 

the Three Tuns at, 222. 
' Bath ', a silver-gilt cup called, 94. 
Bath and Wells, Bishop of, 40, ill, 
116, 478. Sec also Castello ; 
Hooper ; Stafford. 
Bath, Knights of the, "jTi^i I3I- 
Bathealton Court, portraits at, 223, 

227, 229, 536. 
Baunton (Devon). See Bampton. 
Baunton (Dorset), 473, 474. 
Beardon (Devon). Sec Loveys. 
Bearsley, Mary daughter of John, 524. 
Beaufoy, Henry, 262, 263. 
Beauchamp, Robert and Alice, 32. 
Beaucoudrai (Normandy), 12, 13. 



INDEX 



563 



Beaulieu (Hants), Abbot and monks 

of, 21. 
Beaumont, Cattierine daughter of Su" 

John, 104. 
Philip. Constable of Dunster Castle, 

125. 

Thomas, 108, 109, 358. 

Lady, 105. 

arms of, 363, 547, 548. 
Bedewyn, William, 305. 
Bedford, Duke of, 558. 

Earl of, 180, 181. 
' Bedrolle ', the, in church, 403, 405. 
Beer near Cannington. Sec Bowyer. 
Beer. See Ale. 
Beggarnhuish manor, 216. 
Belesby, Havvis relict of Sir Thomas, 

509. 
Thomas, 510. 
Belfast, Lord, 519. 
Bellamy, John and Frances, 513. 
Bellot, Francis and Anne, 483. 
Bellringers, 187, 194, 205. 
Bemont. See Beaumont. 
Benehangre, loi. 
Berengaria, Queen, 60. 
Bergshe, la, in Avill manor, 435. 
Berkeley, Edward, 201. 
Dame Cecily, 74. 
Sir William, 35. 
Bermondsey (Surrey), 77. 
Bescaby (Leicester), 508. 
Bethell, Richard Augustus (Lord 

Westbury) and Florence, 538. 
Betrothal, 172. 
Bible bought, 422. 
Biccombe, Richard. 319. 
Bickleigh. See Carevv. 
Bicknell, J.C. and Harriet Maria Hun- 

gerford, 530. 
Bicknoller, 11, 384. 
Bideford (Devon), 188. 
Bien, John, 103. 
Bigot family, 2. 

Billeswick, near Bristol, 63, 65, 70. 
Bingham, Captain, 491. 
Binham, in Old Cleeve, 274. 
Birch Parva (Essex), Rector of, 106. 
Bircheham in Dunster, 366, 410. 
Bircombe, chapel of the Holy Trinity, 

81, 82. 
Birkhead, John Derbyshire and 

Sibella, 495. 
Bisham Abbey (Berks), 51. 
Blackford near Minehead, 330. 
Blackford, Henrietta, 442. 

William, 442. 
Blake, Abigail, 527. 
Joan, 453- 

John and Mary, 453. 
Nicholas, 464. 



Col. Richard, 188, 190-195. 
Blakwell at East Quantockshead, 136. 
Blancombe (Devon), 124. 
Blandford (Dorset), 93. See also Pitt. 
Blaunche, John, 344. 
Blenheim Palace (Oxford), 375. 
Bligh, Commodore, 528. 
Blodhall (Suffolk), 128. 
Blommart, John and Fanny Harriet, 

538- 
Blond, Richard le. Bishop of Exeter, 

26. 
Richard le, 384. 
Robert le, 383. 
Bloundeshelfe, John and Joan, 289. 
Bloyou, Henry, Rector of Cornwood, 

478. 
Blue Anchor, 235, 236, 238. 
Boby, Sir Hugh, 66. 
Boconnoc (Cornwall), 227, 482, 484, 

485. 494- 
Church, 484, 485. 
portraits at, 485, 487. 
See also Courtenay. 
Bodennek (Cornwall), 478, 479- 
Bodmin, 485. See also Opy. 
Bohun family, i. 

Humphrey de. Earl of Hereford, 

and Elizabeth his wife, 76. 
Humphrey de. Earl of Essex, 29. 
Margaret daughter of Humphrey 

de. Earl of Hereford, 76. 
family, heraldic bearings of, 543, 

545. 551- 
Boit, Charles, painter, 223. 
Bokelly (Cornwall). See Cavell. 
Boleyn, Anne, Queen, 137. 
Bologna (Italy), 36. 
Bond, William, Vicar of Dunster, 402. 
Bonfires, 306. 
Boniface VHL Pope, 445. 

IX. „ 450. 

Bonnechose, a Jew of Oxford, 60. 

Bonvyle, Sir William, 116. 

Books, 105, 179. 

Boone, Daniel, 237-242. 

Boon-works, 320. 

Boothby Pagnell (Lincoln), 62. 

Bordeaux (Gascony), 89, 294. 

Archbishop of, 60. 

Mayor of. See Luttrell, Sir Hugh. 
Boroughbridge, battle of, 39, 501. 
' Boroughright ', 288-290. 
Bosanquet, Henry Anstis and Mary 

Anne, 270. 
Boscobel (Salop), 370. 
Bossiney (Cornwall), 522. 
Bossington, in Porlock, 442. 
Bosworth, battle of, 129. 
Bothenhampton (Dorset), 473, 474. 
Bouchell, W. 114. 



564 



INDEX 



Boucher, Andrew, 253. 
Boulogne (France), 142. 
Boulond, William, free-stone mason, 

359- 
Bourchier, Sir William, 123. 
Bourton, Maud of, 46, 47, 49. 
Bovver, Edwai'd, portrait by, 382. 
Bowes, Hon. Thomas, 268. 
Bowman, John, 357. 
Bowyer, Edmund, 206. 

Edmund and Sarah, 178. 
Boy-bishop, the, 83. 
Bracegirdle, Mrs. actress, 490. 
Bradeuude. Sec Broadwood. 
Bradley, Frances daughter of Samuel, 

261. 
Bradshaw, John, 197, 198. 
Bradworthy (Devon), 17, 36, 41, 48, 52. 
Bratton in Minehead, 258, 434, 460. 
Bratton, Joan relict of John, 460. 

John of, 47. 

Nicholas, 456, 460. 

Robert of, 281, 282. 

Thomas, 115, 116, 120. 
Braunton (Devon), 519-521, 525. 
Brebrooke, Mr. schoolmaster, 172. 
Brember (Hants). See Welles. 
Bremhill church (Wilts), 526. 
Bret, John le, 47. 

Sir William le, 279. 
Bretasch, Sir John de, 279, 280. 
Brethren Cross in Carhampton, 348. 
Breton prisoners at Dunster, 88. 
Brewers, 303. 
Brewham, 4, 8, 10. 
Brice, Joan, 513. 
Briddicot in Carhampton, 272. 
Bridgeford (Nottingham), 59, 65. 

Rector of. See Luttrell, Andrew. 
Bridgewater, 70, 83, 84, 97, 102, 107, 
183, 187, 195, 241, 294, 313, 356, 
474, 512, 529, 535. 

cloth, 300. 

Hospital at, 20, 97. 

Friars Minors of, 107, 139. 

the Swaji at, 222. 
Bridlington Priory (York), 8. 
Brinkley (Cambridge), lo, 12, 15, 17, 

469-471. 
Bristol, 87, 96, 186, 187, 222, 358,436, 
487, 521. 

Castle, Constable of, 87. 

Channel, 12, 125, 229. 

Sec also Cheddar. 
Brit, William, loi. 
Brittany (F^rance), 62, 88. 
Briwere, Alice, 17, 18, 32. 

Sir William, 17, 18, 20. 

arms of, 29. 
Broadrepp, Robert and Elizabeth, 
476. 



Broadwood in Carhampton, 318, 383- 

385, 434- 
Brocklesby, Dr. Richard, 245. 
Brompton, parsonage of, 34. 
Brompton Ralph, 4, 556. 
Brook, Sir Thomas and Joan, 437. 
Broomfield, 383-385. 
Broughty Craig (Scotland), 146, 147, 

151. 152, 154, 155, 158. 
Browne, Dan Thomas, Prior of Duns- 
ter, 402. 
Bruggewater. See Bridgewater. 
Brunfeld. See Broomfield. 
Bruton, 51, 113. 

Church, 470, 501. 

Priory, 8-13, 16, 20, 30, 42, 46, 54, 
113, 114,470, 501. 

Sacristan of, 113. 
Bryanston (Dorset), 549. See also 

Rogers. 
Brymore, 70, 202. 
Brympton. Sec S^'denham. 
Brytasch. See Bretash. 
Buck, Samuel, engraver, 373. 

Lewis William, 518. 
' Buck-feasts ', 252. 
Buckhorns, a present of, iir. 
Buckingham, Edward, Duke of, 131 

George, Duke of, 485, 486. 

Humphrey, Duke of, 118, 119. 
Buckler, J.C. architect, 430-432. 
Buckland (Devon), Abbot of, 478. 
Buckland Filleigh (Devon), 200. Sec 

also Fortescue. 
Buckland Monachorum (Devon), 202. 
Buckland Toutsaints (Devon), See 

Southcote. 
Bukkehorn, Nicholas, 287. 
Bulkeley, Lord, 219. 
Bullebek, Bolebec, family, 2. 
Bulsham, Robert and Agnes, 74. 
Burford (Oxford), 222. 
Burgage tenure, 285-290. 
Burgh, Hubert de, 14, 15. 

John, 357, 361. 

Simon atte, 435. 
Burghersh, Sir Bartholomew of, 42. 

44, 48, 49- 
Henry of. Bishop of Lincoln, 43, 44. 
Joan daughter of Sir Bartholomew, 
44. See also Mohun, Joan wife of 
Sir John the fifth. 
Sir John of, 49. 
William, 57. 
arms of, 55, 501. 
Burgundy Chapel near Minehead, 81. 
Burgundy, Duke of, 79. 
Burland, Joan daughter of Thomas, 

417- 
Burnt Island (Scotland), 146. 
Burridge, Captn. 192, 193. 



INDEX 



565 



Burroughs, Cassius, 486. 
Buryton, Dan John, 100. 
Busby, Dr. Richard, 532, 533- 
Buscy, Robert de, 63. 
Byrcombe. See Bircombe. 
Byron, Sir John, 67. 
Bythemore, the heirs of, 450. 



Cadenham (Wilts). See Hungerford. 
Cadleigh (Devon), 17, 36, 4»- 
Cadman aUas Gierke, William and 

Alice, 399- 
Calais (France), 7^. 79- ^ 
Caldecot (Cambridge), 51b. 

Call-skins, 304- , ^ „, ,^„ 

Calinw Weston (Dorset). Sec Weston. 
Calne (Wilts). See Hungerford. 
Calec. See Calais. 

Cambridge (Cambridge), 173, 391. 5i»- 
Caius College, 172. 
Emanuel College, 5i7- 
King's College, 531- 
Pembroke College, 534- 
St. John's College, 522. 
Cambridge, Earl of. See Meschme. 
Camden, William, antiquary, 23, 284. 
Camel, East and West, 497. 
Camelford (Cornwall). See Martin. 
Campbell, James and Theophila, ^^,7. 
Camplin, the Rev. James, 258. 
Candles, 102, 113. 
Canterbury (Kent), 54, S^, 5oi, 543- 
Cathedral church, 55^5^- 
Master Omer's House, 57. 
Priors of Christ Church, 57, 84. 
Archbishops of, 57, 60, 76, 77, 524- 
See also Anselm ; Courtenay ; 
Sheldon ; Stafford ; Theobald. 
Prerogative Court, 216, 478, 523. 

Cantok, 98. , , u ^ 

Cantokeshede. See Quantockshead. 
Capel, Margaret daughter of bir Ar- 
thur, 441. 
Capons, 323, 45«, 4^0. 
Capps, Silvestra daughter of James, 

178, 323, 550- 
arms of, 178, 550- , , 

Carden, William and Dorothy, 490. 
Cardinal of St. Angelo, the, 167. 
Cards, playing, 308, 4*^9- 
Caremore, in Carhampton, 20, 3H 

3i5, 3«7, 415- 
Carent, William, no. 

Sir William and Elizabeth, 133. 
Carenlun. See Carhampton. 
Carew, Sir Henry and Dorothy, 484. 
John and Eleanor, 33, 500, 55»- 
John and Margaret, 39. 



Sir Nicholas, 556. 

Thomas, of Crowcombe, 230, 232, 

234-236. 
arms of, 500. 
Carhampton, 14, 48, 57, 83, 108, no, 

128, 170, 272, 296, 319, 329, 341, 

342, 345, 3«3, 387, 388, 413, 434, 

436, 442, 456, 458, 460, 463, 404, 

467, 531-533, 553, 554- 
advowson, rectory and tithes, 209, 

384, 385, 388, 409- 
Church of St. Carantoc, 390. 
Church of St. John the Baptist, 347, 

348, 390, 391, 425, 461- 
Hundred of, 4, 42, 49-53, 77, 84, 

119, 124, 170, 202, 296, 297, 321, 

348, 388, 441- ^ , 

Hundred Court of, 437, 45o, 402. 
Manor, called also Carhampton 
Barton (long combined with that 
of Dunster), 4, 18, 36, 47, 49, 52, 
53, 77, 84, 116, 118, 119, 124, 100, 
166, 202, 291, 315-318, 320, 321, 
325-327, 345, 437, 458. 
Mill, II. 

parish bounds of, 347, 348- 
St. Bartholomew's Chapel, 348. 
Places in the manor or the parish. 
See Aller; Brethren Cross; Brid- 
dicot ; Broadwood ; Caremore ; 
Chapelwaterlete ; Chapman's 
House; Chesell; Chisel waterlete; 
Colstone's Cross ; Eastbury ; 
Emmys Cross ; Fairoak ; Fore- 
marsh ; Gillcotts ; Giltchapel ; 
Hadley's House ; Holly Hill , 
Holway House ; Kingsallers ; 
Kitswall ; Langcombe ; Loty's 
Marsh; Loxhole; Marsh; Marsh- 
waterlete ; Marshwood ; Old 
Court ; Owl Knowle ; Popper's 
Cross ; Prestelonde ; Rodhuish ; 
Roger's House ; Saltern Lane ; 
Shilves ; Skibbercliff ; Waterlete. 
Sheriff's turn at, 348- 
Tithing-man of, 313. 
Vicar of, 553- See also Luttrell, 

Thomas Fownes. 
Warren at, 343. 
Carhampton, Little, 124. 

South, 348. . r^ , f 

Carhampton, Viscount and Earl 01, 

1539, 540. 
Carisbrooke Castle (Isle of Wight), 52. 
Carlaverock Castle (Scotland), 500. 
Carmelite friar, a, 105. 
Carolina, South (America), 526. 
Carpenter, Edward and Anne, 453. 
' Carriage-works ' due to Dunster 

Castle, 321,437- 
Carter, Thomas, 284. 



S66 



INDEX 



Cary, Hugh, io8, 109. 

Caslett, — , 266. 

Castello, Hadrian de, Cardinal, 

Bishop of Bath & Wells, 405. 
Castro, Bartholomew de, 478. 
Catherine of Arragon, Princess, 131. 
Caux (Normandy), 558. 
Cave, Lewis and Jane, 531. 
Cave-Brown, Catherine daughter of 

John, 260. 
Cavell, Joan and Nicholas, 480. 
Cavendish, Lord, 489. 
Caxton, Philip, 58. 
Celsui, Walter de, 383. 
Chaldecot, Elizabeth daughter of 

Francis, 475. 
Chaldewell in Cutcombe manor, 391. 
Chaldon, East (Dorset), 473. 
Chamberlayne, Elizabeth daughter 

of Richard, 417. 
Chancery, Court of, 141, 203, 366, 

461, 519. 
Chantmerel (Dorset). See Cheverell. 
Chapelwaterlete in Carhampton, 317, 

318. 
Chapman's house in Carhampton, 

348. 
Chappell, constable of Minehead, 257. 
Chard, 171, 192. 

Charles the Fifth, Emperor, 138. 
Charles, John and Agnes, 496. 
Charlinch. See Malet. 
Charlton Makerel, 531. 
Charlton Musgrave. See Arnold. 
Charter, the Great, 60. 
Charterhouse Hinton. See Moyscy. 
Chauvent, Peter de, 32. 
Chaworth, Sir Thomas, 509. 
Cheddar, Isabel daughter of Thomas, 

438. 

Isabel relict of Thomas, 438. 

Joan daughter of Thomas, 438. 

Richard, 437. 

Robert and Joan, 436, 437. 

Thomas, 437, 438. 

William, 436. 
Cheddar. See Adam. 
Cheddington (Dorset), 531, 
Cheffynge, 287. 
Cheltenham (Gloucester), 275. 
Chesell, the, in Carhampton, 348. 
Cheshunt (Hertford), 380. 
Chester (Chester), 529. 
Chester's house in Carhampton, 348. 
Cheverell, Joan daughter of Chris- 
topher, 513. 
Chichester, John Langton, Bishop of. 

Chancellor, 508. 
Chichester, Arthur, Lord Belfast, 519. 

Joan daughter of Richard, 460. 

Margaret daughter of Amias, 463. 



Richard, 460. 

Chideock (Dorset). Sec Arundel. 

Chilcompton, 441. 

Childeston, Richard of. Prior of 
Dunster, 393, 396. 

Child Okeford (Dorset), 472. 

Chiltern Hundreds, the, 262. 

Chilton Luttrell in Thorverton (De- 
von), 66, 75, 76, 78, 124, 142, 560. 

Chipera, Robert, 277. 

Chipping Sodbury (Gloucester), 222. 

Chiselwaterlete in Carhampton, 317. 

Cholwick, Mr. 236. 

Cholwill, Wilmot daughter of Nicho- 
las, 516. 

Christina the webber, 297. 

Chudleigh (Devon). See Clifford. 

Chudleigh, Dorothy daughter of John, 
484. 

Church-ales, 180. 

Church ornaments, 94, 130, 139. 

Churchill, Anne daughter of John, 

473, 474- 
arms of, 502. 
Churching of a woman, 99. 
Churston Ferrers (Devon) See Yard. 
Cirencester (Gloucester), the Lamb 

Inn, 222. 
Cistercian monks. See Beaulieu ; 

Cleeve ; Dunkeswell ; London ; 

Newenham. 
Civil War, the, 180-183, 186-195,475, 

487,519- 

Civita Vecchia (Italy), 382. 

Clanbrasill, Lord, 242. 

Clanville in Minehead. See Bosan- 
quet. 

Clarence, George, Duke of, 125, 126. 
Richard his son, 127. 

Clarke, Richard Hall, 453, 454. 

Clavering family, 40. 

Cleeve Abbey, Abbot and Convent of, 
17, 20, 36, 274, 286, 291, 296, 298, 
300, 309, 335, 336, 433, 556. 

Cleeve, Chapel of St. Mary, 105, 274, 
296. 

Cleeve, Old, 274, 302, 463. See also 
Binham ; Cave ; Leigh ; Touker. 

Clerk-ales, 180. 

Gierke. See Cadman. 

Clerkelome in Dunster, 410. 

Clevedon, 512. 

Clevedon, Matthew of, 48. 

Clevland, John, 527. 

Clifford of Chudleigh, Lord, 510. 

Clifton, John. 82. 
Reynold of, 14. 

Clifton Maubank (Dorset). See Hor- 
sey. 

Clinton, William de, 32. 

Clonfert, Bishop of, 240. 



INDEX. 



567 



Clopton, Philip, 88. 

Cloth, 115, 116,207-209,331. 

Cloth industry at Dunster, 297-302, 

336- 
Clothes, prices of, 99 10^, 115. ii7. 

139, 206-213, 532. 
Cloutesham, Richard of, 279, 280. 

William, 114. 
Clovelly (Devon), 522. 
Coal, 358 359. 
Coap, Mr. 212. 
Cobham, Lord, 76. 

Ladv iVIargaret, 77. 
Cobb made in a highway, 330. 
Cox, Simon, 277. 

Cockermouth (Cumberland), 237, 242. 
Cockes, John, 441. 
Cockeslop, Joan, 287. 
Codford, 391. 

Codogan, Kodogan, Thomas, 400, 401. 
Codrington, Anne daughter of John, 
520. 
Sir William, 230. 
Coffin, Robert, 430. 
Cogston, Cogstane, Ralph of, 408. 

Robert of, 277. 
Coins discovered at Owl Knowle, 170, 

171. 
Cok, John, 299. 
Richard, 48. 
Coker, Robert and Margaret, 117, 

118. 
Cole, Peter and Grace, 517. 
Coleborrow in Dunster, 283, 467. 
CoUard, Frances daughter of Thomas, 

512. 
Colle, — 300. 301- 
CoUes, Humphrey, 411, 413- 
CoUinson, John, 70, 430. 
Colstone's Cross in Carhampton, 347, 
Columbers family, 2. 

Philip and Eleanor, 446. 
Columbia (America), 529. 
Colville, Sir John, 558. 
Colyngborne, Robert, 109. 
Colyton (Devon). Sec Weston. 
Combe, 391. 

Combe Deverell (Dorset), 472. 
Combe Florey. See Francis ; Perr- 

ing. 
Combe Martin (Devon). Sec Gregory. 
Combys Ynche (Scotland). See Inch- 

colm. 
Common Pleas, Court of, 19, 84, 447. 
Commons, House of, 84, 85, 241. 
Compton, Long (Warwick), 37, 52. 
Coneys, 279, 280, 343, 344. 
Conigar in Dunster, 228, 279, 280, 

312, 329, 339, 378, 410. 
Conquest family, 510. 
Constantine (Cornwall), 483. 



Convent, nuns and pupils carried 

away from, 146. 
Coode, Anne daughter of Richard, 

481. 
Cook, Thomas and Catherine, 326. 
Cooke, — , upholsterer at Bath, 374. 
Cooper, — , jeweller, 228. 

Sarah daughter of Thomas, 476. 
Coote, Captn. Richard, 492. 
Copleston, Cobleston, John, 82. 

Thomas, 116. 
Copley, Sir Thomas and Catherine, 
162-165. 
arms of, 164, 549. 
Corbet, John, 102. 
Corn, exportation of, 312. 
Cornish Rebellion in 1497, the, 461. 
Cornu, William, iii. 
Cornwall, 248, 358, 487. 
Cornwall, Edward, Duke of, 75. 

Richard, Earl of, 21. 
Cornwall, Sir John and Elizabeth, 450. 
Cornwood (Devon), Rector of, 478. 
Corston (Wilts). See Churchill. 
Corsham (Wilts). See Bellot. 
Cotehele (Cornwall), carpet at, 141, 

547, 548 
Cotes, John and Margaret, 81, 106. 
Cotford, 202. 
Cothelston, 124. 
Cotton, Mary daughter of Edward, 

516. 
Couke, Robert and Thomas, iii. 
Coule, William, 343. 
Couleman, 287. 
Council, the, 85, 86, 145, I55, i95- 

198, 201. 
Count Palatine, 25. 
Countesbury. Sec Foreland. 
Courcy, Richard de, 63. 
William de, 16, 63. 
family, 2. 
Courtenay, Edward, Earl of Devon, 
479, 481, 544. 
Lady Elizabeth, 76. Seealso Luttrell. 
Lady Elizabeth, ill. 
Elizabeth daughter of Sir Philip, 

120, 169. 
Henry, Earl of Devon, 439. 
Hugh, Earl of Devon, 76, 549. 
Sir Hugh, son of Edward, Earl of 

Devon, loi. 
Sir Hugh, of Hampton, loi. 
Isabel daughter of Sir Hugh, of 

Boconnoc, 480. 
Humphrey and Jane, of MoUand, 

483- 
John, 126. 

Margaret, Countess of Devon, 95. 
Peter, Bishop of Winchester, 126, 

131- 



S68 



INDEX 



Courtenay, contd. 

Sir Philip, of Powderham, ii8, 120, 

126. 
Thomas, Earl of Devon, 123. 
Sir William, 126. 
William.Archbishop of Canterbury, 

95- 
family and heraldic bearings, 76, 

94, 4«6, 543-546, 549, 551- 
' Courtenay ', a silver-gilt cup called, 

94- 
Coventry (Warwick), 80. 
Coward, William and Lawrence, 206. 

William, 489. 
Cowbridge in Cutcombe manor, now 
in Timberscombe, 391, 392, 456. 
Cowper, Earl, 275. 
Cox, Richard, 253-255, 258, 259. 
Crang, Mr., 258. 
Cras, Philip, 304. 

William, butcher, 400. 
Cratelach in Thomond (Ireland), 61. 
Cregy, battle of, 44. 
Crediton (Devon), 188. 
Creed (Cornwall). Sec Trencreke. 
Creed, Mary daughter of John, 518. 
Crewkerne, 131, 191. 
Cromwell, Thomas, Lord, 137, 139, 
141. 

Oliver, portrait of, 200. 
Cross, Gilbert atte, 458. 
Crowcombe, 3 19,442. See also Carew. 
Crowdon, Hugh of, 343. 
Croxton (Leicester), 61, 508. 
Croydon Hill in Dunster, 278, 281, 

307, 361, 392, 467- 
Croyland Abbey (Lincoln), 497. 
Crusade, 17, 67. 
Culverhay and Culvercliff in Dunster, 

298, 300. 
Culveton. See Kilton. 
Cumberland, Anne, Duchess of, 261, 

539, 540- 
Currypool in Charlinch. See Malet. 
Curzon, Mary daughter ol A. Viscount, 

417. 
Cusack, George and Catherine, 487. 
Cutcombe, 4, 12, 36, 41, 48, 52, 385, 

391, 409- 
Church, 10. 
Hundred, 4. 

See also Cowbridge ; Oaktrow. 
Cuttiff, Mr., 258. 



D 



Daccomb, Meliora, 473. 

Dahl, Michael, portrait by, 222. 

Dances, 82. 

Dartmouth (Devon), 487. 



Daubeny, Giles, Lord, 131, 364. 
Alice relict of William, 132. 

Daunay, Sir John and Lady, 478, 479. 

Dauntsey, Sarah daughter of Am- 
brose, 417. 

Davis, William, 267. 

Death, the Black, 62. 

Debenham (Suffolk), 77, 106, 128. 

Deer, 343-346- 

Delbridge, John, 330. 

Denays, Thomas, parson of Selwor- 
thy, 343- 

Dene, le, Deneclose, in Dunster, 346, 
410. 

Deneys, Henry and Elizabeth, 478, 

479- 
Denison, John, 268. 
Dennis, James and Dorothy, 519. 
Deodville (Normandy), 12. 
Derby, Ferdinand, Earl of, 52. 

Earls of. Sec Ferrers ; Lancaster. 
Desborough, Major-Gen. 196, 199,200. 
Despencer, Elizabeth le, 56. 

Hawis daughter of Sir Philip le, 

509- 

Hugh le, 508. 

Lady le, 57. 

arms of, 55. 
Dethick, William, Garter, 472. 
Devizes (Wilts), 535. 
Devon, Earl of. See Courtenay. 
Devonshire, 15, 69, 76, 85, 87, 109, 122, 

125- 
Devonshire, Duke of, 244. 
Devonshire, Mr. 234. 
Devon and Somerset Stag-hounds, 

274. 
Deyncourt, Edmund, 34. 
Dice forbidden, 308. 
Didmarton (Gloucester). Sec Codring- 

ton. 
Diere, John, fisherman, 304. 
Digby, Captn. 181. 
Dighty river (Scotland), 152. 
Divorce, 161, 461, 478, 479, 510. 
Docton, Jane daughter of Thomas, 515. 

Rebecca daughter of Thomas, 515. 

Wilmot relict of Richard, 516. 
Doddrydg, the widow, 348. 
Dodesham, William, 332, 
Dodington, John, 2q6^ 

Giles and Margaret, 514. 
Dogge, James, 143, 151. 
Dogs, 99, 308. 
Dolton. Sec Stoford. 
Domerham (Wilts), 91. 
Domesday Survey, 3, 276, 326, 328, 

349, 3«4, 455- 
Doneraile, Viscount. See St. Leger. 
Donisbristle (Scotland), 142. 
Dorchester (Dorset), 472, 520. 



INDEX 



569 



Doria, Cosimo. 295. 
Dorset, 73, 109, 470. 

Earl of. Sec Mohun, William de. 
Dover (Kent), 256. 

Dower in aipiit baroiiue, 43, 115, 162. 
Dowlles, Harry, 348. 
Down, East (Devon), 511-513. See 

also Ley ; Pyne. 
Downe, Anne and Mary, daughters 
of John. 453. 

John, 453. 

Nicholas, 452. 

Richard, 452, 453. 
Downhead near Mells, 444. 
Downhead, Erneis of, 444. 

John, 445. 

Walter of, 444, 445. 
Downman, John, portraits by, 271, 

536. 
Drake, Lady, 202. 
Draper, Robert, 108, 113. 
Drax Abbey (York), 65. 
Drewe, Charlotte daughter of Fran- 
cis, 271,535. 

Erasmus and Joan, 496. 

John, 133. 

Louisa daughter of Samuel, 270. 

Mary daughter of Francis, 269. 

William and Penelope, 485. 
Drewell, Elizabeth daughter of Sir 

Humphrey, 417. 
Drink, 150, 318. 
Drue, Lawrence, 85. 
Drury, Sir Henry and Susan, 417. 
Dublesterre, Maud le, 287. 
Dublin, Archbishop of, 60. 

Canon of St. Patrick's. Sec Lutt- 
rell, Robert. 
Dublm, Marquess of. See Vere. 
Dudley, Edmund and Elizabeth, 439. 

Sir John, 439. 
Duels, 491-493. 
Duke, John, 289. 
Dundee (Scotland), 147, 150-152, 154, 

166. 
Dunheved. Sec Downhead. 
Dunkeld, Bishop of, 150. 
Dunkeswell Abbey (Devon), 20. 
Dunstan the priest, 384. 
Dunster Borough, 18, 119, 124, 142, 
166, 202, 277-293, 300, 302-312, 
326, 327, 344, 347. 

Ale-tasters, 302-304, 310. 

Bailiffs, 125, 278-280, 283,292,293, 

299, 309, 311, 459- 
Bread-weighers, 302, 303, 310. 
Burgages, 229, 285-292, 392, 465. 
Burgesses, 277-285, 287, 290-292, 

307. 
Charters of liberties, 277-283. 
Clerks of the Market, 293, 310. 



Cloth industry, 297-302, 336. 

Common rights, 229, 284, 413. 

Commonalty and common seal, 
284, 329. 

Courts, 290, 298, 302, 306, 308-312, 
446, 458, 462. 

Constables, 302-304, 309. 

Flairs, 292, 343. 

Fulling-mills. See Cloth. 

Gilds of St. Lawrence and the Holy 
Trmity, 286, 335, 336, 406, 414. 

Leather, Searchers and Sealers of, 
309- 

Market, 277-279, 294, 307. 

Membei-s of Parliament, 284. 

' Portmote, ' 302. 

Tolls, 278, 293. 

Street-keepei's, 303, 310, 311. 

Surveyors of victuals, 303. 

Shambles, keepers of, 303. 

Tucking-mills. See Cloth. 
Dunster Castle, 5, 7, 14, 15, 18, 19, 31, 
35. 36, 43, 46, 48, 62, 77, 84, 86, 
87, 97, loi, 104, 109, no, 119, 
120, 124-126, 132, 156, 162, 166, 
180, i8i, 195-197, 199, 200, 202, 
227, 230, 234, 236, 237, 244, 248, 
249, 252, 254, 265, 269, 274, 277, 
314, 317, 322, 330, 336, 344, 349- 
382, 429, 442, 501, 549. 

alterations made by George Lut- 
trell, 175, 365-367. 

alterations made by Henry Fownes 
Luttrell, 229, 376-380. 

alterations made by George Fownes 
Luttrell, 381, 382. 

arras at, 173. 

Bowling-green, 373. 

Breakfast Room, 377. 

Buck's view of, 373. 

Chapel of St. Stephen, 31, 100, 102, 
352-354, 364, 367. 

Chapel in the old Hall, 356, 358. 

Chapel built in 1723, 373, 381. 

Chaplain at, 43, 47, 87, 356. 

Constable of, 47, 49, 74, 100, in, 
125, 281, 304, 323, 357, 459. 

curtam wall, 351, 359, 367, 379, 380. 

Dame Hawis's Tower, or the Flem- 
ing Tower, 30, 351-353, 357, 361, 
362. 

demolition of, 195-197, 201. 

division of, 361, 362, 365, 511. 

' Dungeon, ' keep, or Upper Ward, 
350, 352-35«, 364, 373- 

Exchequer, loi. 

Gallery, 365, 367, 370, 371, 374, 377, 

37«- 
garrison of, 195-197. 
Gatehouse, 115, 196, 197, 359-362, 

364, 367, 372, 379, 380, 382, 547'. 



U 



570 



INDEX 



Dunster Castle, contd. 

Gateway of the Lower Ward, 338, 

351-357, 35'>-362, 372, 379, 38i. 
Gate of the Inner Castle, 356. 
Governors of. Sec Gurdon ; Robin- 
son ; Wyndham. 
Green Court, 379, 382. 
guests at, loi, no, 274, 448. 
bronze guns at, ^^2. 
Hall, 353-358- 362, 365, 366, 368, 

369, 371, 376, 377, 381, 382, 549- 
household, retainers and servants, 

87, 90, 92, 100-102, 107, 108, 213, 

214, 222, 279. 
' Inner pyle or lodginges ', 365. 
inventories, 216, 369-372. 
the King's Chamber, occupied by 

Charles II. when Prince of 

Wales, 187, 370, 371. 
the great Knights' Chamber, 353. 
the Knights' Hall, 353. 
pictures on leather at, 374, 375. 
Lower Ward, 350-355, 362, 365, 

367, 378, 379. 
moat, or ditch, 362. 
New Way, 372, 373, 378. 
overmantel at, 333. 

great Parlour, or Dining-room, 367, 

368, 371, 376, 381, 382, 550. 
portcullis, 357. 

porter's lodge, 356. 

portraits at, 217, 372, 382 ; of Cop- 
leys, 164 ; of Cromwell, 200 ; of 
Drewes, 271, 536 ; of Dyke, 224 ; 
of Hcrne, 345 ; of Hooper, 373 ; 
of Luttrells, 156-159, 176, 183, 
206, 215, 220-224, 227, 229, 260, 
261, 525, 559 ; of Southcote, 261. 

prison at, 353. 

prisoners at, 88, 197, 198. 

rooms, various, at, 100, 102, 353- 
362, 368, 370, 371, 376, 378, 551. 

the Spirit's Room, 371. 

Sta'Dles, 353, 357,' 358, 360, 365, 
367, 372, 378. 

Great Staircase, 368, 369, 376, 377, 
381. 

sieges of, 6, 188-194. 

summer-house, 373, 374. 

the Tor, or Mount Stephen's, 115, 
194, 197, 299-301, 316, 326, 328, 
330, 340, 349, 352, 362, 364, 372, 
378, 382. 

towers and turrets, 35^-355, 359, 
361, 362, 364, 365, 367, 373, 379, 
381. 

Withdrawing Room, 368, 371. 
Dunster Church, 5, 9, 42, 58, 100, 104, 
133, 176, 195, 220, 274, 307, 335, 
339, 347, 383-433, 462. 

almsbox, 426, 427. 



altar-slab, 432, 463. 

altar of the Holy Rood, 389, 390, 

394, 399, 406, 423- 

altar and chapel of Our Lady, 390, 

395, 396, 398, 399, 423, 424, 510. 
altar of St. George, or high altar, 

104, 394, 395, 399, 406, 421, 423- 
altar of St. James, 403, 406. 
altar and chapel of St. Lawrence, 

31, 352, 389, 395, 396, 398, 399, 

414, 423- 
altar and aisle of the Holy Trinity, 

399, 406, 423. 
bells, 400, 401, 428. 
chalice and paten, 468. 
chancel, 42, 103, 105, 387-389, 393, 

395, 398, 401, 403, 404, 406, 419- 

425, 427-433- 

chapel of St. Leonard, 395. 
eastern chapels, 220, 389, 398, 420, 

423-425- 
churchwardens, 205, 214, 426, 429. 
churchyard, 308, 335, 337-340. 
division (1498) and reunion (1539), 

403, 419-422. 
font, 398. 
graves and vault, 222, 425, 426, 

429, 432. 
' hearse ' and ' judas, ' 394, 395. 
lights, 393, 394,408,461. 
monuments, brasses, &c. 42, 43, 

104, 105, 130, 220, 270, 418, 425, 

426, 432, 550. 

nave and aisles, 386, 387, 389, 393, 
395, 396, 401 403, 405-408, 425- 
428, 431, 463. 

parochial altar, 399, 403, 404, 428. 

pews, 430, 431, 462. 

restoration of (1875), 431. 

sacristy, 103, 389, 423, 432. 

screens, 396, 406, 407, 421, 432, 559. 

tower, 387, 393-398, 401, 420, 424, 

427, 431, 432. 

transepts, 389, 395, 396, 398, 420, 

428, 430, 432. 

Dunster, Honour, or Barony, of, 
4, 10, II, 13, 14, 35, 45, 74, 86, 
88, 120, 124, 126, 132, 162, 175, 
296, 321, 434, 437, 444, 450, 451, 

453, 469, 470, 47i, 556. 
Dunster Manor (long combined with 
that of Carhampton), 4, 35, 36, 
43, 46, 48, 50, 84, 116, 124, 126, 
142, 160, 202, 297, 312-328, 415, 

458. 
barton, or home-farm, 117,316, 317, 

338, 356. 
bedel, 315. 
carpenter, 315. 
'■chariour' and ^ bcriicbrnlte', 32^, 

324- 



INDEX 



57^ 



Dunster Manor, contd. 

dairy, 353. 

demesne,3i7,3i8, 324,344, 345,411. 

dovecot, 353. 

' foreign ' woods, 392. 

forest, 18, 346. 

gallows, 297, 342. 

grist-mills, 11, 276, 278, 306, 307, 
316, 325-32S, 340, 341. 365, 415- 

hay ward, 315. 

the Lawns, 344, 345, 415. 

orchard, 343. 

the medieval Park, comprising the 
Hanger and the New Park, 50, 
97, 116, 160, 174, 175, 202, 285, 
298, 307, 316, 318, 325, 331, 332, 
338, 341-344, 346, 361, 365, 415- 

fishpool in the Park, 97, 343, 358. 

the present Park, 229, 342, 345, 346, 
378, 382, 466. 

reeve, 53, 116, 297, 312, 314, 315, 
319, 320. 

St. Burye"a rents, 326. 

vineyard, 324, 325, 343. 

warren, 19, ii6, 280, 344. 

waste, 311. 
Dunster Parish, bounds of, 346-348. 
Dunster, places and houses in : — 

the Rail, 330, 331. 

' Le Barrys ', 307. 

Butter Cross, Market Cross, or High 
Cross, 334, 335, 339. 

the Cucking-stool, 311. 

the Conduit in New Street, 337, 
340- 

Corn Cross, 331. 

Cornhouse, 293. 

the Corner House, 342. 

the Corner Shop, or Cage House, 

335- 
the ' Fresshe', 347. 
the Glasier's House, 335. 
Hawn, haven, or sea-port, 278, 279, 

282, 294, 295, 314, 329, 347, 358, 

458. 
Hearts (or Hart's) Well, 342. 
the High House, miscalled the Old 

Nunnery, 337. 
Cottage Hospital, 340. 
Luttrdl Anns Hotel, formerly the 

Ship,74, 175, 178, 192, 195, 258, 

293, 311, 325, 330, 332-334, 550. 
Market-house, 175, 293, 301, 330- 

332. 
Market-place, 115, 293, 331, 332. 
New Hall, 292. 
Pillory, 311. 

Priory Green, 285, 339, 419. 
Prison, or Stock-house, 332. 
River, 311, 341, 343, 344, 352. 353, 

362, 



St. Benet's Well, 338. 

St. Leonard's Well, 339. 

St. Thomas's Chapel, 330. 

Schools, 271, 339. 

the Smithy, 335. 

Spear's Ci'oss, 338. 

the ' stone-healed house ', 337. 

Railway station, 329. 

the Slocks, 311. 

Town-hall, 292, 311, 331, 332. 

Tubhouse, 292, 331. 

Town's end, 330. 

Wesleyan Chapel, 338. 

Workhouse, 340, 341. 

See also Alcombe ; Avelham ; Avill; 
Bircheham ; Clerklome ; Cole- 
borrow ; Conigar ; Croydon ; 
Culvcrhay ; Dene ; Foxgrove ; 
Frackford ; Gallocksclose ; Gilt- 
chapel ; Grabbist ; Hams ; Hille- 
bouer; Holhnghorrows; Hopke- 
garden ; Hurlepool ; Lynch ; 
Lyncroft; Marsh; Parlebienshay; 
Prestelond ; Puryhay ; Rack 
Close ; Rockhead ; Skillacre ; 
Staunton ; Townswood ; Wag- 
land. 
Dunster Priory, 31, 83, 91, 140, 173, 
202, 323, 337, 340, 342, 386, 390- 
392,402,409-412, 415, 420,421, 
424, 429, 433, 455, 510. 

endowments of, 383-386, 388, 391, 

392. 

monks of, 20, 42, 100, 352, 386, 
3«i^, 390, 392-396, 398, 399, 401, 
403-405, 409- 

Priors of, 36, 82, 286, 305, 321,323, 
340, 342, 356, 389, 390, 392, 393, 
396, 401-405, 409, 410, 436 ; list 
of, not indexed separately, 552, 

553- 
Dunster Rectory and tithes, 384, 385, 

3X8, 409, 412, 413, 424, 429, 510. 
Dunster, Streets, lanes and bridges: — 
Barnbridge, 316. 
Brook Lane, 50, 329, 330. 
Brook Lane Foot bridge, 329, 348. 
Castle Bailey, the Bailey, or Castle 

Street, 99, 307, 335, 338, 339, 

362, 367. 
Church Street, New Street, or 

Middle Street, 335, 337, 339,34°, 

462. 
Colyer's Lane, or Le Lane, 341. 
Conduit Lanu, 339. 
Dene Lane, 347. 
Gallocksbridge, or Doddebridge, 

297, 341, 342, 347. 
Gallockstreet, 297, 320, 341, 342, 

347, 467- 
Gallockswell Lane, 341. 



572 



INDEX 



Dunster, Streets, &c. contd. 
Goose Wheekes Path on Grabbist, 

301. 
High Street, Fore Street, North 
Street, East Street, ' Chepyng- 
strete, ' or Market Street, 277, 
285,311,33(^335, 338-340, 343, 
467, 511. 
Hurlepool Path, 347. 
Marsh Street, Marshway, 329, 348. 
Mill Bridge, 328. 
St. George's Street, 339, 347, 433, 

467. 
St. Thomas's Street, or Rattle Row, 

329, 330. 
Sea Lane, 295. 
Tucker Street, 298. 
Water Street, 341. 
West Street, 298, 301, 338, 340, 
341, 347,362, 467. 
Dunster Vicarage, 387, 416, 419, 433. 
Vicars and ' Curates ' of, 222, 271, 
387, 389, 390, 394, 400-406, 412- 
415, 457; list of, not indexed 
separately, 553-555- 
Dunster, W. Abbot of Cleeve, 433. 
Dunsterdene, Staunton in, 447, 449. 
Durand the Steward, 5, 383, 384. 
Durborough, Hugh, 343. 
John, 45. 
Sir John, 47. 

family and arms, 167, 550. 
Durham, Bishop of. Chancellor, 85. 
Dye, Giles, 347. 
Dyer, John, 115, 116. 
Dyke, Edward, 224, 226. 
Elizabeth, 442. 

Elizabeth (Lady Acland), 224. 
Margaret. Sec Luttrell, Margaret. 
Thomas, 442. 
family, 216. 



E 



Eastbury manor in Carhampton, 272. 
Easthampstead (Berks), 54. 
Ecclesiastical Commission, 419. 
Edgcote (Northampton), 125. 
Edgcumbe, Dame Catherine, 162, 165. 

Peter and Margaret, 141, 513, 547. 

Richard and Joan, 496. 
Edinburgh (Scotland), capture of, 142. 
Edington, 444, 537. 
Edmondson, Joseph, herald, 539, 540. 
Education, cost of, in 1682, 532, 533. 
Edward the Black Prince, 44, 56, yy. 
Edward HL 446-448. 
Edward IV. 122-125. 
Eels, 117. 
Egremont, Earl of. Sec Wyndham. 



Ekedene, Nicholas son of Payn, 319. 

Elba (Italy), 269. 

Eld, Francis, 340. 

Election expenses, 250, 251, 255, 257. 

Eliot, John and Denise, 496. 

Elizabeth, daughter of Edward I, 76. 

Ellerker, John of, 507, 508. 

Ellesworth, Richard and Agnes, 170. 

Ellicombe in Dunster, 258, 347,412. 

Ellisworth, John, 290. 

Emmys Cross, alias Lankey Cross, in 

Carhampton, 348. 
Engelram son of Juelin, 384. 
Enghien (Belgium), 269. 
Enmore, 86. See also Malet. 
Erasmus, the Paraphrases of, 422. 
Erie, Thomas, 219. 
Errol, Earl of, 154. 
Escott, Aldred, 457. 

George, 348. 

Hugh, 269. 

Lawrence, 347, 348. 

the Rev. T. Sweet, 457. 

the Rev. W. Sweet, 457. 
Essex, Earls of, 30. See also Bohun; 

Mandeville. 
Est, mythical earldom of, 23-25. 
Estkantok. See Quantockshead, East. 
Eton College (Buckingham), 270-273, 

275, 536, 537- 
journey to, from Dunster, 535. 
Everard, John, 343. 
John and Susan, 532. 
Patrick and Joan, 50. 
Robert, 283, 343. 
Thomas, 299. 
William, 277, 280, 343. 
family, 274, 348. 
Evermue, Walter de, 64. 
Evesham, battle of, 35. 
Eworth, Hans, painter, 559. 
Exchequer, 83, 86, no, 171, 203, 309. 
Excommunication, 168. 
Exeter (Devon), in, 127, 191, 192, 
201, 206, 314, 527. 
Church of St. Nicholas at, 77. 
Bishop of, 1S4, 85, 120. See also 

Blond ; Stafford. 
Canon of. See Bloyou, Henry. 
Treasurer of. See Wideslade, Rich- 
ard. 
Exeter, Duke of, 123. See also 

Holland. 
Exeter. See Cook ; Foxwell ; Hems ; 

Prigg ; Yorke. 
Exeter Domesday, 276. 
Exford, 384, 385, 391, 412, 413. Sec 

also Arundel. 
Exminster (Devon), 220. 
Exmoor forest, 80, 131, 132. 
Exton, 124, 126. 



INDEX 



573 



Eylesvvorthe, Eylysvvorthi, John, 357, 

360. 
Eyr. See Hayre. 



Fairfax, Sir Thomas, 188, 190, 192, 

193- 
Fairlield. See Palmer. 
Fairoak in Carhampton, 347. 
Fairs, 65, 277, 292, 471. 
Falaise (Normandy), 15. 
Falconbridge, Peter of, 70. 
Falmouth (Cornwall), 527. 
Fanshawe, Captn. Henry and Caro- 
line, 536. 
Farway manor (Devon), 30. 
Farwell, Thomas and Sarah, 476. 
Fauntleroy, Peter and Joan, 461, 462. 
Felbrigg (Norfolk). See Wyndham. 
Fell, John, Bishop of Oxford, 204. 
Felons' goods, 308. 
F'eltwell (Norfolk), 77. 
Ferguson, Alice Edwina daughter of 

Col. Munro, 275. 
F'ern, 281, 345. 
Ferrers, William de. Earl of Derby, 

31,32. 
Fienles, Isabel de, 556. 
Fife (Scotland), 144, 149, 150 
Fifehead (Dorset), 472, 497. 
Fihvood forest, in Whitchurch, 87. 
Flinch, Leopold, 219. 

Col. 191. 
Fintrie (Scotland). Sec Graham. 
Fiscaballi, Leonard, 131. 
Fish, 90-93, 96, 97, 112, 304. 
Fishbourne, Sir Giles of, 67, 68. 
Fisheries, 296, 383, 384. 
F^itz Count, Henry, 18. 
Fitz Geoffrey, John, 29. 
Fitz James, Sir James, 173. 

Margaret relict of Richard, 514. 
Fitz Payn, 296. 
Fitz Piers, Eleanor, 36. 

arms of, 500. 
Fitzurse, John, 74. 

Sir Ralph, 47. 

Ralph, 67, 281. 

family, 167. 
Fitz Walter, Sir Walter and Philippa, 

41,51- 
arms of, 501. 
Fitz Warren, Fitz Waryn, Sir Ivo, 95. 

Lord, 137. 
Fitz William, Elizabeth daughter of 

John, 477-479- 
Flamank, Joan daughter of Thomas, 

461. 
Flanders, 138, 491. 



Baldwin, Count of, 8. 
Fleet (Dorset),Mohuns of, 40, 472-477. 

Church of, 473-475, 502. 
Fleming, Hawis le, 29, 30, 352. 

Captn — and Mary, 529. 

William le, 29, 30. 

arms of, 29. 
Flitcham Priory (Norfolk), 77, 138. 
' Flockys ', ' flokkes ', 298, 299. 
Fordham, William of, 46, 47, 49. 
Fordingbridge (Hants), 40, 
Foreland, the, in Countesbury, 295. 
Foremarsh, in Carhampton, and 
Dunster, 228, 462, 463, 465, 467. 
Foremarsh, Ralph atte, 436. 
' Forestallers ', 305. 
Forests south of Trent, chief justice 

of, 19. 
Fortescue, Honora daughter of John, 
of Buckland P'illeigh, 200. 

Achilles and Prudence, 515. 
Fossard, Agnes and Gertrude daugh- 
ters of Robert, 63. 
Foughler, John, no. 
Fowey (Cornwall), 477, 483. 
Fowlersmarsh, 391. 
Fownes, A. 218. 

Anne, 218. 

Henry, 226, 227, 551. See also 
Luttrell, Henry Fownes. 

John and Anne, 227, 488. 

arms of, 228. 
Fox, Henry, statesman, 240. 
Foxe, a widow, 416. 
Foxgrove in Dunster, 410. 
Foxwell, Edward, 201. 
Frackford in Dunster, 298, 299, 301, 
341, 347,391, 456.St'f also Gryme. 
France, 87, 138, 509. 

Kings of, 79, 138. 
Franceys, William, 108. 
Francis, John and Susan, 177. 
Frank, Henry and Christina, 399. 

John, 289. 
Franklyn, William, tailor, 206, 207, 

209, 210, 213. 
Freeman, Mr. 419. 
Frekeford. Sec Frackford. 
Friar, a French, 88. 

John, 58. 
Friars, Black, 58, 506. 

Grey, 27, 28, 139. 
P>iardel (Normandy), 16. 
Frilford. See Frackford. 
Fry, Bartholomew, 451, 452. 

Elizabeth, 452. 

Ferdinando, 452. 

Peter, 451. 

Robert, 247, 451. 

William, 450, 451. 
Fuel, 143, 144, 281, 282. 



574 



INDEX 



Fulford, Sir Thomas, 126. 
Fuller, Thomas, historian, 284. 
F'uhvood forest. Sec Filvvood. 
Funerals, 58, 103, 113, 139, 201, 215, 

507, 524- 

Furneaux, Sir Simon, 47. 

Furnival, Lord, 84. 

Furze, 281, 307. 

Fust, Sir Edward, Catherine, Eliza- 
beth and Dorothy, 475, 476. 

Fynne, Joan, 347. 

Fytz, George and John, 413. 



Gainsborough Castle (Lincoln). Sec 

Gambon. 
Gale, George, 255, 257, 258, 262, 293. 
Gallocksclose, Gallockscross, Gal- 
locksdown, Gallockswell, and 
Gallockswood, in Dunster, 297, 
341, 342, 347- 
Gallockswell, Robert of, 286. 
Gallows, 297, 342. 
Galmpton (Devon), 33. 
Galsworthy, William and Elizabeth, 

516. 
Gambon, John, 450. 

William, 447-450. 
Game, 99. 

Gamston (Nottingham), 59, 65. 
Gardener, John, 58. 
Garland, William, 362. 
Garter King of Arms, 486. 
Garter, Order of the, 45, 51, 76. 
Gascoigne, William, chief justice, 85. 
Gascony, 60, 79, 97, 508. 
Gatchell, Lucy daughter of John, 534. 
Gatton (Surrey), 163. Sec also Cople;. 
Gaunt, Avice of, 63. 

Gilbert of, 8. 

Henry of, 63. 

John of, Duke of Lancaster, 44, y^, 
78, 122, 447. 

Margaret of, 63, 66. 

Maud of, 63. 

Maurice of, 62-66. 

Robert of, 63. 

Walter of, 8. 

family, 64. 
Gay, John, 136, 137. 
Genoa. See Doria ; Gentili. 
Gentili, Ludovico, 295. 
Geoffrey, Robert son of, 8. 
George, Prince, of Denmark, 215. 
Gerard, Thomas, 284. 
Geroius, 383. 
Gesla Stcpliani, 5, 6, 350. 
Ghcid Inquest, the, 4. 
Ghent (Belgium), 156, 269. 



Gibbons, Grinling, carver, 368. 

Gilbert the priest, 384. 

Gilbert, Thomas, 403. 

Gillcotts, Gildenecote, in Carhamp- 
ton, 312, 321, 436. 

Gillingham (Dorset), 78, 82, 93. 

Giltchapel in Dunster, now in Car- 
hampton, 317, 342, 347, 348, 410. 

Girebert the archdeacon (of Taun- 
ton ?), 384. 

Gireward the monk, 384. 

Glasney (Cornwall). See Stoke. 

Glastonbury, 161,388,403. 
Abbots of, 403, 478. 

Glastonbury, Sir Henry of, 282, 283. 

Glendower, Owen, 73, 80. 

Gloucester, Sir Walter and Lady, 

507- 

Walter and Elizabeth, 508. 
Glover, Martyn, 400. 
Glover's Roll of Arms, 498. 
Gloves, 99, 209-212, 533. 
Glynton, Sir Ivo de, 46. 
Godard, John, 21. 
Godbeare, Richard, 452. 
Godfrey, Mary, 514. 
Godmanston (Dorset), 472. 
Godolphin, James and Mary, 162. 
Godwin, Dr. 234. 
Godwyn, William, 80, 82, 87, 88, 91, 

103, 107. 
Gogh, John, 125. 
Golafre, Sir John and Philippa, 51. 

arms, 501. 
Goldesmyth, Jerard, 305. 
Gollop, John and Elizabeth, 474. 
Goodwin, Elizabeth daughter of John, 

417- 
Gordons, Scottish hostages, 155. 
Gorges, Samuel, 201. 

Frances daughter of Sir Edward, 

519- 
Goring (Oxford), 37, 47, 51. 
Goring, Lord, 188, 191. 
Gossop, Obadiah, 486. 
Gough, Christine daughter of Robert, 

510. 
Sir Richard, 523. 
Gould, James, 237. 

John and Sarah, 476. 
Grabbist, hill in Dunster, 287, 298- 

301, 317, 339, 340, 392, 442. 
Grafton, Duke of, 244, 248, 249. 
Grafton, William and Eleanor, 496. 
Graham, Sir David, of Fintrie, 151. 
Grain, 307, 322, 324. 
Grampound (Cornwall), 485. 
Grange (Devon). See Drewe. 
Grange Mohun (Kildare), i, 37. 
Granger, the duties of a, 322, 323. 
Gravener, Nicholas, 412. 



INDEX 



S7S 



Green, Mary daughter of Sir Henry, 

509- 
Greenaleigh in Minehead, 81, 258. 
Greenwich (Kent), 132, 161. 
Gregory, George, 453. 

Joan reUct of Lewis, 453. 

John, escheator, no. 

Lewis, 453. 
Grene, William, 80. 
Grenville, Sir Richard, 188, 190, 191. 
Grey, Edward, Viscount Lisle, 438, 

439- 

Elizabeth, 439. 

Elizabeth, Baroness Lisle, 439. 

Elizabeth, Viscountess Lisle, 438. 

John, Viscount Lisle, 439. 

John de, of Codnor, 32. 

Muriel, Viscountess Lisle, 439. 

William de, 504. 

Lord, of Wilton, 145, 151. 
Greyhounds, restriction of, 308. 
Greyme. See Gryme. 
Grevwell (Hants), 33, 48, 52. 
Griffith, Elizabeth relict of Col. Ed- 
ward, 494. 
Griffyth, Lewis, 135-137. 
' Grisel Gris, ' a horse, 45. 
Grobecker, W. A , 529, 530. 
Grooms, 100-102. 
Gryme, John, 400, 401, 406, 414. 
Guienne, 477. 

Guinea, Ginney (Africa), 559. 
Gurdon, Adam, 35. 
Gurnai, Gurney, Hugh de, 14. 

Robert de, 64. 
Gwinnear (Cornwall). See Godolphin. 
Gyltchapell See Giltchapel. 



H 



Hadham (Hertford). Sec Capel. 
Hadley, Anne, 169. 

James, 169. 

Margaret daughter of Christopher, 
167-169, 174, 425, 426. 

Philippa, 169. 

Richard, 169. 

arms of, 426. 
Hadley's House in Carhampton, 348. 
Hainneville castle at Moyon (Nor- 
mandy), 16. 
Hales, Sir Christopher, 440. 
Halifax (Nova Scotia), 527. 
Hall near Fowey (Cornwall), 477. 
Hall, Jonathan, 453. 
Hammoon, Ham Mohun (Dorset), 1,4, 

11,469-472, 497. 
Hamilton, Duke of, 493. 
Hampole (York), 505. 
Hampton. Set' Southampton. 



Hams, the, in Dunster, 410. 

Hancock, Abraham, 206. 

Hanham, Joan daughter of Simon, 

437- 
Hanktord, William, judge, 86. 
Harding, Robert son of Robert son 

of, 63. 
Hardington, 70. Sec also Bampfield. 
Hardwicke, Lord, 244. 
Hardy, Rachael daughter of Francis, 

519- 
Hares, 343. 
Harfleur (Normandy), 87, 90-93, 95, 

55«- 
Harington, Lord, 76. 

Lady, loi, 116. 
Harleston, Elizabeth wife of William, 
107, 128. 

William, 106, 107, 128. 
Harness, 98, 99. 

Harper's house at Carhampton, 348. 
Harris, Joan daughter of John, 496. 

John and Cordelia, 487. 

John and Sibyl, 471. 

Richard, 401. 

Thomas and Eleanor, 496. 

William, 400, 401. 
Harrison, Philip, 334. 
Hart, W , 347. 

Hartland (Devon), 144, 514-518, 549, 
Sceal-ioAhhot; Choi will; Docton; 
Orchard ; Stucley. 
Hartrow. See Escott. 
Harvard College (U. S. A.), 380. 
Harvest, 322. 

Harvey, Edward and Frances, 216. 
Haslam, Mr. 235. 
Hastings, Jouette daughter of Sir 

John, 446. 
Hatch, 32. 
Havel. Sec Avill. 
Hawkcombe Head, 274. 
Hawks, 88, 99, 343. 
Hawkvvood, Sir Thomas, 58. 
Hawley, Francis, 184. 
Hawton (Nottingham), 542. 
Hayman, William, 233, 249, 254, 258, 

259- 
Hayne (Devon). Sec Harris. 
Hayne, Mr. 254. 
Hayre, or Eyr, Elizabeth or Isabel, 

daughter of Richard, 480, 560. 
Head-money, 319. 
Healey (Lancaster), 67. 
Hearne, Thomas, 490, 523, 524. 
Heath, 281, 282, 307, 340, 345. 
Heath, John, K.C. 252. 
Hcathficld Durborough, 167, 202, 

228, 269. See also Durborough ; 

Venn House ; Wibwell. 
Heavitree (Devon). Sec Ayres. 



576 



INDEX 



Hedgehogs killed, 214. 

Heere, Lucas d', painter, 156, 157, 

176, 559- 
Hele, Anne and Margaret, 473. 

Philippa daughter of Sir John, 484. 

Thomas, 184. 
Helyer, Henry, 357. 
Hembury near Bristol, 536. 
Hembury, Broad (Devon). Sec Drewe. 
Hems, H. carver, 432. 
Henry, Prince of Wales, portrait of, 

382. 
Hensty in Carhampton, 342, 344, 

347, 348, 466. 
Heningham. See Hevingham. 
Heralds, 472, 479, 480. See also Garter. 
Herbert, John, 123. 

Sir Richard, 125. 

Thomas, 123. 

Sir William, Lord Herbert, Earl of 
Pembroke, 123-125. 

William, Earl of Huntingdon, 
' Lord of Dunster ', 124-126, 128, 
129, 451. 

family, 127, 132, 363. 
Hereford Cathedral church, 380. 
Hereford, Maud, Countess of, 36. 

Earl of. See Bohun. 
Herefordshire, turned chairs in, 380. 
Hermodville, William de, 384. 
Heme, John, 345. 

Herring, the Rev. Leonard, 245, 247. 
Hertford, Earl of, 142, 440. See also 
Seymour. 

Marquess of, 180, i8r, 183. 
Hevingham (Norfolk), 81. 
Heytesbury (Wilts). See Ashe. 
Hickling (Nottingham), 66. 
Hides, 304. 
Hill, Anne, 169. 

Captn. 492. 

Giles, 169. 

Margaret daughter of Robert, 132, 
169, 364. 

Richard, 172, 490. 

Robert and Alice, 132, 169. 

Robert, a lawyer, 86. 

arms of, 140, 363, 547, 548. 
Hillary, Elizabeth daughter of John, 

474- 
Hillebouer in Dunster, 410. 
Hillsborough, Earl of, 417. 
Hilton, Sir Godfrey and Hawis, 509, 

510, 560. 
Godfrey, 510. 
Hintoii Ainpner (Hants), 329. 
Hinlon Biewett manor, 441. 
Hobart (Tasmania), 528, 529. 
Hobbcs or Holes, a widow, 348. 
Hobson, Margaret relict of Thomas, 

514. 



Hody, Sir Alexander, 120-123. 

Thomas, 87, 359, 472. 
Hoke (Dorset), 118. 
Holcomb, Sir John, 414. 
Holcombe manor (Dorset), 472. 
Holcroft, Sir Thomas, 147. 
' Holcrop ', a petty pilferer, 305. 
Holland, John, Earl of Huntingdon, 

Duke of Exeter, 448-450. 
Hollingborrowes in Dunster, 366. 
Holly Hill in Carhampton, 467. 
Holne, John of, 280. 

Richard of, 277. 

William of, 283. 
Holnicote in Selworthy, 237, 251, 442. 
Holsworthy (Devon). See Mapowder. 
Holway House in Carhampton, 342, 

347- 
Holy Land, the, 22, 59, 66. 
Homond, Ellen daughter of Robert, 

332. 
Honibere in Lilstock, 141, 513, 518. 
Hoo, barony and arms of, 163, 164. 
Hood, Anne Elizabeth Periam, daugh- 
ter of Sir Alexander, 275. 
Hooper, George, Bishop of Bath and 

Wells, portrait of, 373. 
Hopcot In Wootton Courtenay, 167, 

297. 
Hopkegarden, the, in Dunster, 300. 
Hopton, Ralph, Lord, 180, 181, 188, 

191. 
Horses, 45, 81, 97-100, iii, 323. 
Horsey, Elizabeth daughter of Sir 

John, 483. 
John, 440. 

Sir Ralph and Edith, 483. 
Horsman, William, 462. 
Horswell (Devon), 34. 
Horton (Kent), 215. 
Hossom family, 301. 
Hothorp, William, 48. 
Hooton Pagnell (York), 62, 63, 65, 

504- 541- 
Hou, Walter de la. Abbot of Newen- 

ham, 24, 49, 498. 
Houndston. See Hill. 
Howard of Effingham, Lord, 163. 
Howard, Thomas, Earl of Surrey, 

439- 
Howe, George, 300. 
Hoyle, William, 334. 
Huish, 64, 124. 

Hull, Thomas, surveyor, 378-380. 
Humez, Richard de, 14. 
Hungerford, Anne daughter of Sir 
George, 525. 

Elizabeth relict of George, 527. 

Walter, 526, 527. 
Hunt, John, 98, 100. 
Hunting, 19, 132, 214, 270, 273, 470. 



INDEX 



577 



Huntingdon, Earls of. See Herbert ; 

Holland. 
Huntley, Hugh, 123. 
Hunygod, 287. 
Hurford, John, 345. 
Hurlepool in Dunster, 300. 
Husbandry, treatise on, 321-324. 
Husk, — , 234. 
Huyshe, John, 305. 
Hyde, Margaret daughter of Stephen, 

473- 
arms of, 502. 
Hydon, Thomas, 359. 
Hylwen, Robert, 98. 
Hyndford, Lord, 240. 



Ilchester, 83, 86. 

He Brewer, 17, 36, 37. 

Illycombe, Godfrey of, 436. 

Imbercombe. See Timberscombe. 

Inchcolm (Scotland), 142-147- 

Ingram, 301. 

Ireland, 15, 60, 76, 78, 194, 275, 295, 

444, 477, 493, 540. 
Ireland, Duke of, 449. 
Irish servants, restriction of, 308. 
Irnham (Lincoln), 63-66, 68, 73, 504- 

510. 
Irnham, Baron, 539. 
Isaac of York, a Jew, 60. 
Isabella, Queen, 40. 
Ivelcombe, Sir Henry and Isabel, 479. 
Iveton, 120, 124, 126, 133, 166. 
Iwood, 74. 



J 



Jannsen, Cornelius, painter, 485. 

' Japan ' furniture, 321. 

Jedworth (Scotland), 149. 

Jeremy, Charlotte daughter of the 

Rev. John, 534. 
Jerusalem (Palestine), 13. 
Jervoise, Maria daughter of Thomas, 

529- 
Jewels, 129, 162, 165, 215-217, 228. 
Jews, 19, 60. 

Jews in VViveliscombe. See Capps. 
Joce, John, 361. 
John the charioteer, 82. 
Jone, Elizabeth, 303. 

William, 287. 
Joan, Queen, 87. 
Jones, Prudence, 512. 



Karampton. See Carhampton. 

Karemore. See Caremore. 

Kedley or Ridley, alias Pointer, Joan 

daughter of William, 496. 
Kemeys, William Martin, Lord of, 

445. 
Kempe, John and Ellen, 436. 
Kennedy, Lord, 490. 
Kent, the Fair Maid of, 77. 
Kent, Herbert of, 384- 
Kent, Sir Robert, 103. 
Kentisbury (Devon), 133. 
Kenthford near Watchet, 74, 120, 124. 

See also Wyndham. 
Kersham in Luxborough, 386, 388, 

456. 
Keyford. See Prowse. 
Keynes, Alexander and Sarah, 178. 
Keynsham. See Kersham. 
Kildare (Ireland), 33, 37. 
Kilkenny (Ireland), 33. 
Killigrew, Mary daughter of Sir 

Henry, 484. 
Kilton, 4, 12, 36, 47, 48, 50, 52, 53, 57, 

77, 83, 84, 119, 124, 126, 133, 142, 

159, 162, 166, 174, 178, 202, 228, 

322, 323, 383, 384, 392, 420, 518. 
Church, 385. 
Rectory and tithes, 385, 388, 409, 

410, 510. 
Park, 160. 
Kilve, 270, 273, 296. 
Kingsallers in Carhampton, 317. 
Kingsbridge (Devon). See P>y ; Rey- 

nell. 
Kingston in Staverton (Devon). Sec 

Rowe. 
Kingston near Taunton, 226. 
Kingston, Joan daughter of Thomas, 

73- 
Sir William, 142. 

Kingsvvear (Devon), 220. 

Kingswood forest (Gloucester), 87. 

Kingweston. Sec Aldridge. 

Kit Cat Club, the, 492. 

Kitswall in Carhampton, now in 
Timberscombe, 442. 

Kittery Court in Kingswear (Devon). 
See Fownes. 

Knipe, Thomas, master at West- 
minster, 532. 

Knockin (Salop). Sec Strange. 

Knowsley (Lancaster), 375. 

Knyte, Gervase, 'shipman,' 93. 

Knyvett, Sir Thomas, 439. 

Kodogon. Sec Codogan. 

Kymer, William, Curate of Dunster, 
222. 

Kynewordisham. See Kersham. 



V 



S78 



INDEX 



Kyng, Roger, 'shipman,' 90, 91, 93. 

Thomas, 82. 
Kynggestone, Thomas, 108. 
Kyiighorne (Scotland), 146. 
Kvrton, Edward, 183. 
Kytenor, Geoffrey of, 277, 280. 

William of, 283. 



Lacy family, 2. 

Lancaster, Henry, Earl of, 40. 

Henry, Duke of, Earl of Derby, 41, 
42, 477, 508. 

John, Duke of. See Gaunt. 

Thomas, Earl of, 38. 
Lancaster, Duchy of, 73. 
Langcombe and Langridge in Car- 

hampton manor, 313. 
Langham, Juliana, Lady, 269. 
Langport, 45, 187. 
Langston, John, 263-267. 
Lanhey Cross. See Emmys Cross. 
Lanteglos by Fowey (Cornwall), 479, 

481, 503- 
'Larder-silver,' 292, 313. 
Laroon, Marcellus, portrait by, 345. 
Laud, William, Archbishop of Canter- 
bury, 198. 
Lauerance, John, 116. 
Launcelewe, John, 37. 
Launceston (Cornwall), 485. 
Lawrence, Elizabeth daughter of 

Thomas, 494. 
Lawrence, John, 80. 
Lawrence Waltham (Berks), 522. 
Leader Jane daughter of William, 537. 
Leake, Sir Francis, 147. 
' Leaping-stocks,' 311. 
Leather, pictures on, 374, 375. 
Lechlond, John, 299. 
Lee (Kent), 489. 
Lee, Elizabeth, 453. 

Henry, 347. 
Leeds (Kent), 54, 78, 79. 
Legge, Henry Bilson, 417. 

Mr. 256. 
Leicester (Leicester), journey to, 81. 
Legh, Mr. 234. 

Rev. George Henry, 418. 

Maurice and Agnes of, 64. 

W. 237. 

William, 241, 268, 301. 
Leigh and Leighland in Old Cleeve, 

463 466. 
Leith (Scotland), 142, 144. 
Leland, John, antiquary, 104, 296, 297, 

363, 421. 
Le Mans (France), 15. 
Lethbridge, Sir John, 267. 

Mr. 265, 266. 



Philip, 521. 
Lewes, battle of, 504. 
Lewes, John, 290. 
Ley, brother Gilbert, 105. 

Richard, 512. 

Susan daughter of Richard, 511. 
Leyborne (Kent). Sec Whitworth. 
Lichfield races, 269. 
Lilstock, 295, 513, 514, 518. 
Lincoln, Bishop of. Sec Burghersh. 
Lincoln, Richard of, 279. 
Lincoln, Sheriff of, 65. 
Linen cloth, manufacture of, 298. 
Lisle, Viscount. See Grey ; Plan- 

tagenet , Talbot. 
Lisle, William and Juliana, 32. 
Littlecote (Wilts). See Popham. 
Livery, loi, 102, 115, 213, 214. 
Llewellyn, Prince of Wales, 33, 35. 
Loccombe. See Luccombe. 
Locke, John, philosopher, 524. 
Loders Maltravers (Dorset), 472. 
Loghene, Elizabeth, 510. 

Margaret, 511. 
Loire, the (France), 294. 
Lokesborowgh. See Luxborough. 
Lokyer, Hugh, 357. 
London, 32, 46, 53, 54, 82, 87, 98, 101, 
III, 116, 135, 140, 165, 175, 245, 
246, 249, 254, 256, 269, 317, 372, 
374, 376, 464, 490, 51B, 529, 535, 
546. 

Carthusians in, 139. 

Charing Cross, 32, 49, 491. 

Chelsea, 523, 524. 

Clerkenwell, 522. 

Drury Lane, 464. 

Dutch Embassy, 486. 

New Exchange, 489. 

Exchange women, 488, 489. 

Fleet Bridge, 32. 

Fleet Prison, 175, 204, 486. 

Gray's Inn, 173, 176, 466, 514, 518, 
521, 522, 525. 

Holborn, 521, 522. 

Howard Street, Strand, 490. 

Hyde Park, 493. 

Kensington, 270, 487. 

King's Bench Prison, 492. 

Lincoln's Inn, 179, 184, 524. 

Lincoln's Inn Fields, 234. 

Lombard Street, 533. 

Marlborough Street, 493. 

Marshalsea Prison, 204. 

Mohun, Soke of, 32. 

Newgate, 34. 

Old Palace Yard, 491. 

Pall Mall, 491. 

Rose Alley near Holborn, 525. 

Rummer tavern at Charing Cross 
the, 492. 



INDEX. 



579 



London, con id. 

St. Andrew's, Holborn, 518, 522, 

524- 525- 
St. Anne's, Soho, 261. 
St. Bartholomew's, Smithfield, 34. 
St. Bride's, 511. 
St. Clement Danes, 526, 
St. Dunstan's in the West, 336, 522. 
St. Giles's, 521, 522, 524, 525. 
St. Martin's in the Fields, 486,487, 

489, 493- 
St. Mary Graces, 447-450. 
St. James's Park, 491. 
St. James's Place, 230. 
St. James's Street, 217. 
St. Paul's, 23. 
St. Sepulchre's, 34. 
Savoy Chapel, 525. 
Snow Hill, near Holborn, 486. 
Spanish Embassy, 465. 
Strand, the, 526. 
Surrey Street, 526. 
Inner Temple, 464, 517. 
Middle Temple, 219, 473. 4H 4^5. 

520,524,530,531, 535- 
Tower, the, 447, 490 -492, 523. 
Three Cups tavern, near Holborn, 

the, 523. 
Westminster, 235, 309, 343, 487. 

491, 508. 

Abbey, 52, 501. 

Abbot and Convent of, 32. 

Chapel of St. Nicholas, 52. 

Hall, 241, 490-492. 

St. Margaret's, 521. 

School, 532, 533, 535- 
London, Bishop of, 86. Sec also Sud- 
bury. 
Lord Mayor of, 215. 
Longford Castle (Wilts), portrait at, 

157, 559- 
Looe, East (Cornwall), 253, 483. 
Lophall. Sec Lo.xhole. 
Lord's field, the, in Dunster, 412. 
Loring, Sir Neal, 48. 
Lorty, Sibyl relict of Sir Henry de, 42. 
Lostwithiel (Cornwall), 484, 485. 
Loterel. See Luttrell. 
Loty, Elizabeth, 461, 463. 

Jane, 461. 

Joan relict of John, 460. 

Joan wife and relict of Robert, 461, 
462. 

John (I), 303. 

John (H), 122, 459. 

John (HI), 460. 

Margaret, 461. 

Master, 400. 

Robert, 461, 462, 510. 
Loty's Marsh in Dunster or Car- 
hampton, 467. 



' Love-days', 116. 

Lovelace, Lady, 219. 

Loveys, Robert and Grace, 515. 

Lowe, George and Catherine, 522. 

Lowther, Sir John, 242. 

Loxhole in Carhampton, 329, 344i4i2. 

Lucan (Dublin), 540. 

Luccombe, Geoffrey of, 277, 282, 283. 

John of, 39. 

Philip of, 279, 280, 343. 
Lucy, Robert and Agnes, 277, 389. 

Roger, 389. 

Walter, Margery and Lucy, 389. 
Luffincot (Devon), 514. 
Lumley, Lord, 486, 558. 
Lundy Island (Devon), 75. 
Luny in St. Ewe (Cornwall), 494. 
Luppit (Devon), 17, 22, 30. 
Luton (Bedford), 36, 48. 
Luttrell, 

Abigail, 522. 

Agnes wife of Sir Geoffrey, 506, 

541- 
Sir Alexander (d. 1273), 65-68, 504, 

541- 
Sir Alexander (d. 1354), 47, 69-72, 

543- . . , 

Alexander son oi Sir James, 122, 

123, 128. 
Alexander son of Thomas, 184. 
Col. Alexander ( d. 1711), 203, 216, 

218-221, 342, 372, 532, 550. 551- 
Alexander (d. 1737), 220-226, 230, 

374,430,551- ^ ^ ^ 

Alexander Fownes, (b. & d. 1749), 

259- 
Alexander P'ownes, Rector of East 

Quantockshead (d. 1816), 254, 

260, 534. 
Alexander Fownes, Rector of East 

Quantockshead (d. 1888), 270, 

536, 537- 
Captn. Alexander Fownes, 27^. 
Alexander CoUingwood Fownes, 

537- 
Alexander Henry Fownes, Vicar 

of Minehead, 534, 537- 

Alexander John Fownes, 534. 

Alfred, 528, 529. 

Alice, 512. 

Alice Edwina wife of Captn. Alex- 
ander Fownes, 275. 

Amias, 530. 

Amy daughter of Thomas, 184. 

Amy wife of Southcote, 520. 

Sir Andrew, of Irnham (d. 1265), 
61-66, 72, 73, 504, 541. 

Sir Andrew, of Irnham (d. 1390), 
507-509, 542. 

Sir Andrew, of Irnham (d. 1397), 
509, 542. 



58o 



INDEX 



Luttrell, contd. 

Sir Andrew, of East Quantocks- 

head (13 lo), 67-69, 75, 281, 542. 
Sir Andrew, of Chilton (1378), 53, 

7^78. 
Sir Andrew (d. 1538), 133-14°, I53, 

160, 166, 169, 286, 288, 363, 364, 

409, 439, 451, 457, 547. 548- 
Andrew, Rector of East Quantocks- 

head, 69, 75. 
Andrew, Rector of Bridgeford, 

505- 
Andrew son of Sir Andrew 141. 
Andrew son of Thomas, 171, 426. 
Andrew son of George, 176. 
Andrew, 505, 511,512, 514, 5i5, 5i7- 
Anne daughter of Sir Hugh, 107. 
Anne wife of Francis, 220. 
Anne daughter of Francis, 221, 

224, 225. 
Anne, Duchess of Cumberland, 261, 

539- 
Anne Fownes, 261. 
Anne Fownes, 536. 
Anne, 515, 520, 525, 526, 530, 531. 
Anne Elizabeth Periam, wife of 

George Fownes, 275. 
Annora daughter of Sir Andrew, 

66. 
Annora daughter of Sir Alexander, 

67. 
Anthony, 202, 515-517. 
Arthur, 516, 517, 519. 
Arthur John Fownes, 270. 
Aubrey, 505. 

Augusta Margaret P'ownes, 270. 
Beatrice wife of Sir Andrew, 506, 

508, 542. 
Beatrice Fownes, 275. 
Caroline daughter of Col. Francis 

Fownes, 270. 
Caroline Fownes, 536. 
Caroline Lucy Fownes, 535. 
Catherine wife of Sir Hugh, 98- 

100, 104, 105, no, III, 115, 116, 

544- 
Catherine daughter of Sir John, 

162-164. 
Catherine daughter of George, 177. 
Catherine, 519, 521, 522, 532. 
Cecily daughter of Sir Andrew, 

141, 549- 
Cecily daughter of Hugh, 511. 
Charles, 515, 522. 
Charlotte, 525. 
Charlotte daughter of Col. Francis 

Fownes, 270. 
Charlotte daughter of John Fownes, 

271. 
Charlotte wife of Francis Fownes, 

271, 535, 536. 



Charlotte wife of Alexander Henry 

Fownes, 534. 
Christine, 510, 511. 
Christopher, 517. 

Claude Mohun Fownes, 275, 559. 
Denise wife of Thomas, 72. 
Diana, 178. 
Dorothy daughter of Sir John, 162, 

165. 
Dorothy wife of Alexander, 217, 

221, 222, 372, 373. 
Dorothy daughter of Alexander, 

221. 
Dorothy, 519, 522, 525. 
Dorothy Hope wife of Hugh Cour- 

tenay Fownes, 275. 
Edgar, 529. 
Edmund B. S. 529. 
Captn. Edward, 521, 525, 526. 
Dr. Edward, 527-529. 
Edward, 511-513, 516, 517, 5^9- 

521, 525-528. 
Edward son of Col. Francis Fownes, 

270. 
Edward son of George Fownes, 

275- 
Edward son of Francis Fownes, 

536. 
Edward Hungerford, 529. 
Edwin, 528. 
Eleanor daughter of Sir Hugh, 

133- 
Eleanor, 514, 516. 
Elizabeth wife of Sir Andrew, of 

Chilton, 50, 52-54, 76-78, 83, 501, 

543, 545- 
Elizabeth daughter of Sir Hugh, 

106, 107, 128. 
Elizabeth wife of Sir James, 122, 

123, 126-130, 432. 
Elizabeth daughter of Sir Andrew, 

141. 
Elizabeth daughter of Sir Hugh, 

133- 
Elizabeth daughter of George, 177. 
Elizabeth wife of George, 200. 
Elizabeth wife of John, 412, 510. 
Elizabeth, 505, 507, 508, 512-517, 

519, 520, 527. 
Elizabeth F'ownes, 275. 
Eva Fownes, 537. 
Fanny Harriet Fownes, 538. 
Florence daughter of Alexander 

Fownes, 538. 
Florence Blanche wife of Alexander 

Collingwood Fownes, 537. 
Florence Louisa Fownes, 538. 
Frances daughter of Col. Francis, 

216, 218. 
Frances wife of Henry Fownes, 

261. 



INDEX. 



581 



Luttiell, could. 

Frances, 512, 513, 5i9, 520, 522, 

531. 
Francis { d. 1666), 184, 201-203, 301 • 
Col. Francis ( d. 1690), 203-210, 213- 

221, 367-369,429. 532,533,550. 
Francis, of Venn House (d. 1732), 

220-222, 225. 
Francis, of Gray's Inn (d. 1677), 

202, 521. , , , 

Francis, of the Middle lemple (d. 

1749), 225, 524- 525- 
Francis, 512, 515, 519, 52i, 522, 52> 
Francis Fownes ( d. 1823), 254, 258, 

259, 260, 262, 535, 536. 
Francis Fownes (b. S-d. 1795), 535- 
Col. Francis Fownes, 269. 
Francis Fownes (d. 1880), 270. 
Francis Wynne Fownes, 536. 
Frederick, 528. 
Frethesant wife of Sir Geoffrey, 

61-63. ^ ^ 

Sir Geoffrey (1216), 59-6i, 63, 540, 

541. 
Sir Geoffrey, of Irnham ( d. 1270), 

65,66,68,69,71, 504,541- 
Sir Geoffrey, of Irnham ( d. 1345), 

505-507, 541, 542- 
Geoffrey, 507- 
Sir Geoffrey, of Irnham ( d. 1419), 

88, 509, 542, 545- 

Geoffrey Fownes, 275. 

George (d. 1629), 141, i57,i68, 171- 
179, 283, 292, 300, 301, 309, 331, 
333, 346, 365, 366, 411, 415, 417, 
425, 426, 440, 452, 463, 511, 548- 

550. 
George (d. 1655), 184, 186, 195-200, 

321,331- ^ ^ 

George (b. & d. 1651), 200. 
George (1580), 133. 
George (d. 1619), 176. 
George (1659), 202, 531. 
George, 510, 511. 
George Fownes, 62, 270, 273-275, 

381,419,431,442- 
George Walter, 529. 
Grace, 515, 5i7- 
Guy, 505. 
Hannah, 529. 
Harriet Fownes, 271. 
Harriet Maria Hungerford, 530. 
Hawis wife of Sir Andrew, 509. 
Hawis daughter of Sir Andrew, 

509, 510. 
Helena wife of Francis Fownes, 

270. 
Helena Louisa Fownes, 270. 
Henry Fownes ( d. 1780), 228-259, 
291, 292, 301, 328, 339, 345, 346, 
370, 376-381, 454, 466, 467, 551- 



Henry Fownes ( d. 1777), 254, 260. 
Henry Fownes ( d. 1867), 269, 270, 

273- 
Henry Fownes (d. 1813), 535- 
Henry Acland Fownes, 273, 537- 
Henry Jeremy Fownes, 538. 
Honor daughter of Sir Andrew, 

141. 
Honor wife of George, 200, 201, 

550. 

Honor, 511. 

Sir Hugh ( d. 1428), 38, 57, 73, 79, 
81,83-93, 95, 97-110, 112, 304, 
318, 325-327, 343, 354, 358, 359, 
472, 361, 362, 364, 432, 450, 451, 
459, 509, 540, 543-546, 549. 557, 

Sir Hugh (d. 152 1), 78-80, 128-135, 
140, 169, 220, 299, 332, 363, 364, 
402, 403, 451, 460, 547, 548, 550. 

Hugh, of Rodhuish, 176, 531, 550- 

Hugh, 510-512,514, 531- 

Hugh Courtenay Fownes, 275. 

Hungerford, 528-530. 

Isabel, 507. 

Sir James, 74, ^H, 1^5, 118-129, 
169, 459, 546, 548- 

Jane wife of Thomas, 179, 181, i»2, 
184, 185, 203, 550. 

Jane daughter of Francis, 215. 

Jane, 5^3, 515-5^9, 522, 531-533, 

550- 
Jane wife of Alexander Fownes, 

537- 
Jewell, 513- 

Joan wife of Thomas, 71, 72. 
Joan wife of Sir John, of East 

Quantockshead, 73. 
Joan wife of Sir John, of Chilton, 

76, 78. 
Joan, a nun, 108. 
Joan daughter of Sir James, 122, 

417. 
Joan wife of George, 176, I77, 425, 

426. 
Joan divorced wife of John, 461, 

462, 510. 
Joan wife of Sir Robert, 505. 
Joan wife of Sir Andrew, 509. 
Joan, 461, 505, 512, 513, 520. 
John (1305), 67. , , . . 

Sir John, of East Quantockshead, 

72, 73, 75, 79, 543, 545, 549- 
John son of Richard, Constable of 

Dunster Castle, 79, m- 
Sir John, of Chilton, 69, 75, 76. 
John, of Chilton, 78. 
Sir John (d. 1430), 87, 88, 106, 108- 

114, 116-119, 309, 318, 326, 344, 

360, 361, 363, 437, 438, 451, 459, 

545, 546, 549- 



S82 



INDEX 



Luttrell, contd. 
John son of Sir John, 114. 
John (d. 1558), 133, 134, 409-413, 

420-422, 424, 456, 461, 462, 510. 
Sir John (d. 1551), 139-162, 165, 

166, 176, 286, 415, 548, 549, 558. 
John, of Mapperton (d. 1588), 171, 

426, 530. 
John(d. 1593), 134- 
John (b. 1592), 176. 
John, Chancellor of the University 

of Oxford, 505. 
John, 505, 510, 511, 514, 515, 518- 

520, 527-529, 531- 
John Fownes (d. 1816), 223, 252, 

254, 258, 259, 262-271, 332, 335, 

418, 559- 

John Fownes (d. 1857), 268, 269, 
272, 273, 295. 

Captn. John Alex. Fownes, 537. 

John Leader Fownes, 538. 

Louisa wife of Col. Francis Fow- 
nes, 270. 

Louisa daughter of Hugh Courtenay 
Fownes, 275. 

Louisa Frances Fownes, 536. 

Lucy wife of Sir Alexander, 71. 

Lucy wife of Francis, 201, 203, 
204, 550- 

Lucy daughter of Sir Robert, 505. 

Lucy wife of Alexander Fownes, 

534- 
Marcia Fownes, 536. 
Margaret daughter of Sir Hugh, 

106. 
Margaret wife of Sir John, loi, 

113-119,361,362,459, 546. 
Margaret wife of Sir Hugh, 132, 

169, 332, 364, 547, 548- 
Margaret wife of Sir Andrew, 134, 

135, 139H142, 152, 153, 157, 159, 

160, 162, 166, 171, 173, 411, 421, 

424, 547- 
Margaret daughter of Sir Andrew, 

141. 
Margaret wife of Thomas, 167, 171, 

172, 425- 
Margaret daughter of Thomas, 171, 

426. 
Margaret daughter of George, 177. 
Margaret wife of Alexander, 222, 

224, 226, 230, 551. 
Margaret wife of Henry Fownes, 

224-227, 230, 259, 261, 334, 340, 

374, 551- 

Margaret, 505, 511, 512, 514,517, 
531, 532. 

Margaret daughter of Henry Fow- 
nes, 260, 261. 

Margaretdaughter of John Fownes, 
271. 



Margaret Charlotte wife of John 
Alexander Fownes, 535, 537. 

Margaret Jane Fownes, 538. 

Margery wife of Sir Alexander, 
67, 68. 

Margery daughter of Sir Robert, 

505- 

Margery daughter of Francis Fow- 
nes, 270. 

Maria wife of Hungerford, 529. 

Maria P'ownes, 536. 

Martha wife of Dr. Edward, 528. 

Mary wife of Sir Alexander, 70, 72. 

Mary, 74. 

Mary wife of Sir John, 142, 162, 
166, 174. 

Mary daughter of Sir John, 162, 
165. 

Mary daughter of Thomas, 171,426. 

Mary daughter of George, 178. 

Mary wife of Col. Francis, 205, 
206, 210, 213, 215-219, 367, 368, 

371, 372, 374- 
Mary daughter of Col. Francis, 

213, 215. 
Mary wife of Sir Geoffrey, 509. 
Mary, 512, 514-518, 521, 524, 525, 

527, 529- 
Mary wife of John Fownes, 269, 

271. 
Mary daughter of George Fownes, 

275- 

Mary daughter of Hugh Courtenay 
Fownes, 275. 

Mary Anne daughter of Col. Francis 
Fownes, 270. 

Mary Anne daughter of John Fow- 
nes, 271. 

Mary Ann wife of Henry Acland 
Fownes, 537. 

Mary PYances Fownes, 536. 

Matilda Hungerford, 530. 

Michael, 540. 

Millicent, 513. 

Narcissus, 217, 521-525. 

Nicholas son of Sir Andrew, 141, 

513, 549- 
Nicholas, 514-518. 
Osbert, 59. 
Oscar, 528. 
Oriana,5i4. 

Pernel wife of Sir Andrew, 65. 
Philip, 512. 
Philippa, 511. 

Prudence, 512, 514, 515, 517. 
Rachael, 519, 520. 
Ralph Paganel Fownes, 275. 
Rebecca, 510, 515. 
Reginald Fownes, 270. 
Richard, Constable of Dunster 

Castle, 74, 119-121, 332. 



INDEX 



583 



Luttrell, contd. 
Richard, 512, 515. 
Robert, Canon of Salisbury, 66. 
Sir Robert, of Irnham, 504, 505. 
Robert, Chancellor of Ireland, 540. 
Robert, 505, 507, 520, 528, 540. 
Romola Margaret Fownes, 537. 
Rose wife of John, 67. 
St. John, 529. 
Sarah, 177, 178. 
Sarah wife of Narcissus, 524. 
Silvestra wife of George, 178, 179, 

333, 550. 
Simon, Baron Irnham, Viscount 

and Earl of Carhampton, 539,540. 
Southcote (d. 1721), 202, 519-521, 

525- 
Southcote (d. 1751), 225, 520, 521, 

527- 
Southcote Hungerford, 225, 521, 

526, 527- 
Susan daughter of George, 177. 
Susan, 511, 512, 532. 
Tasman, 529. 
Thomas, of East Quantockshead 

(1359), 70-72. 
Thomas ( d. 1571), 141, 165-172, 365, 

425, 452, 548, 549. 
Thomas (d.1644), 176, 179, 180, 182- 

^M, 427, 550- 
Thomas ( d. 1670), 203, 204. 
Thomas ( b. & d. 1627), 184. 
Thomas, 505, 511, 512, 514, 516, 

5171 531-533- 
Col. Thomas Fownes, 260, 263, 264. 
Thomas Fownes, Vicar of Dunster, 

of Minehead and of Carhampton 

(d. 1871), 271, 339,418,419. 
Tregonwell, 215, 218, 219. 
Ursula, 171, 426. 
Walthean wife of Sir Hugh, 133, 

135, 136. 
William son of Sir Hugh, 87, 106. 
William, Rector of Birch Parva, 106. 
William, 515, 516, 528. 
William Fownes, 559. 
Wilmot, 512, 516. 
Wilmot Hungerford, 527. 
Wilmot Southcote Hungerford, 529. 
arms of, 94, 140, 164, 178, 180, 228, 

368, 374, 426, 432, 507, 513, 540- 

551- 
Luttrell and Eld Charity, 340. 
Luttrell Psalter, 128, 506, 542. 
Luttrellstown (Dublin), 539, 540. 
Luxborough, 9, 20, 172, 303, 348. Sec 

also Kersham ; Sandhill. 
Luzerne, Abbey of la (Normandy), 13. 
Lydeard, 9. See also SindercomiDC. 
Lyme (Dorset), 205, 370. 
Lyme Grove (Surrey). See Wood. 



Lynch in Dunster, 410. 
Lyncroft in Dunster, 366. 
Lynde, Alexander and Diana, 178. 
Lyons (Normandy), 10, 15. 
Lyons (Lyonnois), 22, 25. 
Lyte, Jane daughter of Thomas, 531, 
550. 

Thomas and Elizabeth, 476. 

arms of, 502, 550. 
Lytescary in Charlton Makerel, 502, 

550. 
Lythe (Scotland). Sec Leith. 



M 



Macclesfield (Chester), manor and 

hundred, 54. 
Macclesfield, Earl of, 263, 493. 
Maddock, Samuel and Isabella, and 

Anne their daughter, 227, 487. 
Madras. See Pitt. 
Magor (Monmouth), 33. 
Maine, Alexander and Joan, 496. 
Mainwaring, Charlotte daughter of 
James, 493. 

Roger, Bishop of St. Davids, 180. 
Maisons (Normandy), 16. 
Malet, Sir Baldwin, 72, 86, ui. 

Baldwin, 206. 

Dame Joan, m, 116. 

Sir John, in. 

Richard and Elizabeth, 141. 

Thomas and Elizabeth, 127, 129. 
Mandeville Geoffrey de, 29. 

Robert de, 70. 

William de, Earl of Essex, 29, 30. 

family, 70. 
Mangerton (Dorset), 472. 
Mantelpieces, 333, 358. 
Mapledurham (Sussex). See Shelley 
Mapovvder, Catherine daughter of 

Narcissus, 521. 
Mapperton (Dorset), 171, 530. See 

also Broadrepp ; Morgan. 
March, Countess of, 80. 
Mariansleigh (Devon), 20. 
Maritz, Helena daughter of Stephanus, 

270. 
Mark, Philip, 61. 
Markham, John, judge, 86. 
Marlborough (Wilts), 535. 
Marlborough, Duke of, 375, 376, 492. 
Marmion family, 2. 
Marriage, 117, 135, 167, 168. See 

also Divorce. 
Marsh in Dunster and Carhampton, 
96, 97, 172, 229, 269, 282, 283, 332, 

347, 4i», 456, 467- 
bridge, 329, 348. 
coiu-t and grange, 316. 



584 



INDEX 



Marsh, contd. 

East, 459, 467. 

Higher, 329. 

Lower, 460, 464-467. 

Place, 329, 460. 

Street, 329. 

See also Fauntleroy; Loty; Ryvers; 
Poyntz ; Stewkley. 
Marsh, Agnes of, 458. 

John, 238. 
Marshals, Earls of Pembroke, 32. 
Marshwaterlete in Carhampton, 317. 
Marshwood in Carhampton, 41, 48, 
98, no, 117, 170, 175, 179, i«5. 
186, 202, 203, 332, 333, 342, 345, 
346,511.550. 

Park, 125, 160, 202, 313, 324, 343, 
344, 388, 392. 
Marshwood, Wymarca of, 314. 
Martin, Samuel, 240. 

Edmund and Jouette, 446. 

Eleanor and Joan daughters of 
William, 446. 

Sir William and Eleanor, 36, 444- 
446, 500. 

William and Margaret, 445, 446. 

arms of, 500. 
Martock, 72. 
Marwood (Devon), 452. 
Marys, John, builder, 397, 398. 
Massey, Major General, 191. 
Mathu, John, no. 
Matthews, Samuel, 293. 
Maud, the Empress, 5, 9. 
Maulay, Peter de, 18. 
Mede, Michael atte, 50. 
Medyet (Minehead ?), 412. 
Meerhay See Hillary. 
Menheniot (Cornwall). See Trelawny. 
Melbourne (Australia), 528. 
Mells, 444. See also Downhead. 
Mercer, Joan, 520. 
Merchaunt, John, 99. 

Thomas, m. 
Merewether, H. 527. 
Meriet, Sir John and Mary de, 34. 
Merssh. Sec Marsh. 
Mersswode. See Marshwood. 
Meschine, William le. Earl of Cam- 
bridge, 63. 
Mettcombe (Devon). See Poyntz. 
Mevagissey (Cornwall), 487. 
Milbourne St. Andrew (Dorset). See 

Pleydell. 
Milbourne, Simon, 122. 
Mildenhall (Wilts), 32-34. 
Militia, Commissioners of, 196, 198. 
Milledar (Cornwall). See Rosuggan. 
Milton Abbas (Dorset), 215, 217, 218, 
374. Sec also Bancks ; Tregon- 
well. 



Milton Falconbridge, manor, 71. 
Milton, South (Devon), 34. 
Milward, Mr. 254. 

John, 451. 
Milverton, 519. 

Minehead, 35, 44, 57, 81-83, 90-93, 
97, 112, 167, 180, 181, 194, 230, 
232, 233, 241, 245, 252, 256, 257, 
264, 274, 294, 296, 320, 323, 329, 
330, 336, 339, 342, 382, 413, 443, 
448, 453, 534- 
borough of, 169, 174, 229, 230, 244, 

246, 252, 267, 268, 294. 
Bowling Green Club, 244. 
Church, 12, 221. 
Churchwardens' accounts, 187. 
courts held at, 254, 452, 456. 
Cross, 249. 
gallows at, 297. 

Harbour, port and quay, 89, 132, 
140, 169, 174, 176, 180, 182, 220, 

234, 247, 251, 543- 
Hundred of, 4, 388, 456. 
Lane, 415. 
Manor of, 4, 21, 36, 47, 48, 50, 52, 

53, 77, 84, 95, 96, 105, 119, 124, 

126, 130, 153, 166, 202, 228, 316, 

317, 322,415. 
Market-place, 249, 254, 258. 
Mill, 12, 328. 
Park, 159, 343, 344. 
Parliamentary elections at, 169, 

179, 184, 217, 220, 222, 230-233, 

530. 

(1747), 234-236. 

(1754), 236-241. 

(1761), 242. 

(1768), 245-251. 

(1774), 251-257- 

(1780), 257-259. 

(1783), 262. 

(1784, 1790, 1796), 263. 

(1802), 264-267. 

(1806), 267. 

(1807, 1812), 268. 

disfranchisement, 272, 457. 
Plume of Feathers Inn, 234, 241, 

244, 252, 255, 264, 267. 
reeve of, 89, 112, 320. 
ships of, 81. 

Lord Stawell's estate at, 418. 
tithes of, 383-385, 412. 
Vicarage of, 20. 
Vicars of, no. See also Herring ; 

Luttrell, Alexander Fownes, 

Alexander Henry Fownes, Tho- 
mas Fownes. 
Vice-Admiralty of, 132, 220. 
Vineyani at, 325. 
Warren at, 280. 
Whitehouse, the, at, 415. 



INDEX 



58s 



Minehead, contd. 
Slx also Blackford ; Bratton ; Clan- 

ville ; Cox ; Foughler ; Gieena- 

leigh ; Hayman ; Kyng ; North- 
ridge ; Myne. 
Mohun, Ada wife of Sir John, 39, 

41, 42, 390. 
Adehza wife of William, 5, 383. 
Agnes wife of William, 7-9. 
Agnes, daughter of William, 11. 
Agnes, 495, 496. 

Alice wife of Reynold, 17, 18, 22. 
Alice daughter of Sir Reynold, 32. 
Alice, 496. 
Andrew, 471, 497. 
Anne, 473, 474, 481, 483, 494, 496. 
Arnald, 497. 
Arundel, 483. 
Baldwin, parson of Brinkley and 

of Luppit, 17. 
Baldwin, parson of Whichford and 

of Fordingbridge, 40. 
Beatrice wife of Sir William, of 

Ottery, 33, 34. 
Bridget, 483, 484. 
Catherine, 474, 476, 487, 488. 
Charles, third Lord Mohun, 487- 

489. 
Charles, fourth Lord Mohun, 489- 

494. 
Charles, 487, 496. 
Charlotte wife of Charle>, fourth 

Lord Mohun, 493. 
Christian wife of Sir John, 39, 43, 

432. 
Christine, 472. 
Churchill, 474. 
Cordelia wife of John, first Lord 

Mohun, 486. 
Cordelia, 487. 
Delia, 494. 
Denise, 496. 

Dorothy, 476, 484, 494, 496. 
Durand, 5, 385, 556. 
Edith, 475, 483. 
Edmund, 482, 495. 
Edward, 496. 
Eleanor daughter of Sir William, 

of Ottery, 33, 556. 
Eleanor wife of Sir John, 36, 389, 

444, 500. 
Eleanor daughter of Sir John, 42. 
Eleanor, 474, 496. 
Elizabeth daughter of Sir John, 

the fourth, 39. 
Elizabeth daughter of Sir John, 

thefifth, 51,57, 83. 
Elizabeth, 474-477, 479, 480, 483, 

484, 489, 493-49A. 
Ellis, 496. 
Ferdinand, 484. 



Florence, 481. 

Frances, 496. 

F^rancis, 475, 476. 

Geoffrey son of William, 5, 383. 

Geoffrey, of Ham Mohun, 11, 469. 

Geoffrey, 497. 

George, 474, 484. 

Gilbert Maximilian, 476. 

Godeheut, or Godehold, wife of 

William, 10, 13, 15, 470. 
Grace, 496. 

Havvis wife of Sir Reynold, 29, 30. 
Hawis wife of John, of Ham Mohun, 

471- 
Henry son of William, 9. 
Henry, 16. 
Hervey, 41, 42. 
Honor, 483. 
Hugh, 482. 

Isabel wife of Sir Reynold, 32. 
Isabel daughter of Sir Reynold, 34. 
Isabel, 479, 480, 482, 487, 497, 560. 
Ivan, 9. 
James, parson of Walkhampton 

and of Brompton, 34. 
James, 487. 
Jane, 482, 483. 
Joan wife of John, 31. 
Joan wife of Sir John, 24, 41, 44, 

46-50, 52-58, 80, 84, 86, 104, 284, 

295, 313, 317, 325, 343, 44f^, 479, 

556, 557- 
Joan, 479, 480, 482, 496, 560. 
John son of Sir Reynold, 30-32, 

279, 352. 

Sir John, the second, 31, 33, 35,36, 

280, 292, 389, 390, 444, 471. 

Sir John, the third (d. 1330), 36-38, 

42, 43, 281-283, 295, 326, 445, 

472, 495, 500-502. 
Sir John, the fourth, 39, 501. 
Sir John, the fifth ( d. 1375), 39, 40, 

42-49, 51-53, 56, 86, 104, 391, 

392, 501, 556. 
John, of Ham Mohun, ii, 38, 469, 

470. 
Sir John, of Porlock, 40. 
John, first Lord Mohun, 485-487. 
John, 472-474, 479-482, 484-487, 

494-497, 499, 500, 556, 560. 
Judith, 477, 502. 

Juliana wife of William, 17, 556. 
Juliana daughter of Sir Reynold, 32. 
Laurence, 42, 502. 
Lucy wife of William, 14, 18. 
Lucy daughter of Sir Reynold, 32. 
Margaret daughter of William, 34. 
Margaret daughter of Sir John, 39. 
Margaret, 473, 474, 485, 497. 
Mary daughter of Sir William, 34. 
Mary, 474,475,483, 484. 



W 



586 



INDEX 



Mohun, contd. 

Matthia wife of John, of Ham Mo- 
hun, 471. 
Maud daughter of Sir John, 52, 57. 
Maud wife of Andrew, of Brinkley, 

471- 

Maximilian, 473-475) 502. 

MeUora, 473. 

Nathaniel, 483. 

Nicholas, parson of Ham Mohun, 
471. 

Nicholas, 497. 

Patrick, 41,45. 

Payn, 41, 45. 

Penelope, 485. 

Peter son of William, 9. 

Peter, 496. 

Philadelphia, 487. 

Philip, 483- 

Philippa daughter of Sir John, 51, 
57. See also York. 

Philippa wife of Sir Reynold, 484. 

Philippa daughter of John, first Ba- 
ron, 487. 

Philippa wife of Charles, third Ba- 
ron, 488, 489, 493. 

Ralph son of William, 9, 384. 

Ralph son of William son of Dur- 
and, 5, 556. 

Reynold ( d". 1213), 14-17, 469, 470. 

Sir Reynold, wrongly styled Earl 
of Somerset ( d. 1258), 17-32, 49, 
277, 278, 280, 281, 330, 350-352, 
356, 3«7-389, 435, 47o, 498, 499- 

Reynold son of Sir William, 33. 

Sir Reynold, of Ugborough (1344), 
41, 477-480, 502. 

Reynold, of Boconnoc (d. 1567), 
482. 

Sir Reynold, of Boconnoc ( d. 1639), 

24, 483-485- 
Reynold, 482-485, 496, 560. 
Richard son of William, 9, 14. 
Richard son of Reynold, 17. 
Richard, 472, 496, 497. 
Robert son of William, 5,383. 
Robert son of William, the third, 

II. 
Robert son of John, 31, 35. 
Sir Robert, of Porlock, 38, 39, 41, 

472. 
Robert, 472-476, 495, 497. 
Roger, 482. 
Sarah, 476, 477. 
Sibella wife of William, 495. 
Sibyl wife of Sir John, 42-44. 
Sibyl wife of John, of Ham Mohun, 

471- 
Theophila, 487. 
Thomas son of William, parson of 

Moyon, 11, 12. 



Thomas, 476, 478-480, 483, 495- 
497, 560. 

Thomasine, 474. 

Warwick, second Baron, 487. 

Warwick, 494. 

William, the first, 1-5, 49, 276, 324, 
326, 349, 383-386, 391, 434, 443, 
455. 469- 

William, the second. Earl of So- 
merset, 5, 7-9, 350, 384. 

^V'illiam, the third (d. 1176), 9, 10, 
385, 388. 

William, the fourth (d. 1193), 11- 
14, 386, 434, 469. 

William son of William the fourth, 

14- 
William son of Reynold (d. 1265), 

17, 20-22, 499, 556. 
Sir William son of Sir Reynold 

( d. 1282), 33, 499. 
William, 470, 471, 475, 480, 482- 

484, 494-497, 560. 
Wilraund, 5, 383. 

Yolenta daughter of William, 556. 
arms of, 24, 25, 29, 55, 58, 498-503. 
barony, 37, 38, 45, 52. 
barony of Okehampton, 485, 486, 

493- 

monk of, at Cleeve, 557. 
Molland (Devon). See Courtenay. 
Monk, Elizabeth daughter of An- 
thony, 515. 
Monmouth, Duke of, 205. 
Montacute, 349. 

Montacute, William de. Earl of Salis- 
bury, and Elizabeth, 51, 56, 57,83. 

arms of, 55. 
Montchaton (France), 13. 
Montfichet family, 2. 
Montfort, Alexander, 72. 
Moore, William and Frances, 496. 
Mordaunt, Charles and Elizabeth, 494. 
Morgan, Anne relict of Christopher, 
530. 

John, parker, 400. 

Mary daughter of Richard, 475. 

William, 298. 
Morocco (Africa), 161. 
Morris, Mr. 240. 
Mortain, Count of, 59, 349. 

John, Count of, 11, 469. 
Mortimer, Roger, 477. 

family, 73. 
Morval (Cornwall). See Coode. 
Morys, Walter, 284. 
Mottisfont Priory (Hants), 20. 
Moulton manor (Suffolk), 77. 
Mourning rings, 224. 
Mount Edgcumbe (Devon). See Edg- 

cumbe. 
Mountfort, William, actor, 490. 



INDEX 



587 



Mountstephen, John, innkeeper, 334. 
Moyon (Normandy), i, 12, 13, 16, 503. 

Church of, 11. 

Honour of, 14. 
Moyon, Henry de, 16. Wilhain de 

{1266), 16. 
Moysey, Abel and Anne, 536. 

Charles Abel, Archdeacon of Bath, 
and Charlotte, 536. 
Mugford, John and Jane, 517. 
Mulgrave Hall (York). See Fhipps. 
Muntchenesy, Agnes of, 63. 
Murray, Captn. Alexander, 527. 
Musgrave, George, 269. 
Myne, in Minehead, 258, 531. 
Myryman, John, 358. 



N 



Napoleon, the Emperor, 269. 
Natal (Africa), 270. Sec also Maritz. 
Nethway in Brixham (Devon), 232, 
235, 236, 246, 382. See also 
Fownes. 
Nettlecombe. Sec Trevelyan. 
Court, portraits at, 223, 224. 
Newcastle (Northumberland), 145. 
Newcastle, Duke of, 239, 240, 244. 
Neweleyghton, la, in East Quantocks- 

head, 71. 
Newenham "Abbey (Devon), 17, 20, 
23-28,31,33,42,501. 
Abbot of, 2, 17, 22, 24, 25, 27. See 

also Hou. 
registers of, 480, 498-500. 
Newmarch, Henry and Frethesant of, 

61, 63. 
Newport Pagnell (Buckingham), 62. 
New South Wales (Australia), 528. 
Newton. See BicknoUer. 
Newton, John and Isabel, 438. 
'New Year's Gift' at Westminster 

School, 532. 
Nicolls, John and Isabel, of Penvoyce, 

482. 
Nicholls, John and Bridget, of Tre- 

wane, 484. 
Nivveton. See BicknoUer. 
Nonsuch (Surrey), 162. 
Norfolk, Duke of, 419- 
Normandy, 87, 89. 108, 543, 544, 558- 
Adela, Duchess of, i 
Seneschals of, 92, 95. 
North, Lord, Prime Minister, 255, 

256. 
Northam, Robert, 115. 
Northampton (Northampton), 5, 60, 

125. 
Northcombe in Cutcombe, 385. 
Northcote, William, 206, 219. 



Northleach (Gloucester), 529. 
Northridge in Minehead, 531. 
Northumberland, Earl of, 123. 
Norton (Cornwall), I7- 
Norton Fitzwarren, 202. 
Norwich, Bishop of. See Ayreminne. 
Noryse, Joan, nurse, 115. 
Nostell Priory (York), 65. 
Nova Scotia (America), 526. 
Nywecomesone, WilHam le, 287. 



O 



Oaktrow in Cutcombe. See Pyrou. 
Oare, 296, 553. 

Obits, 139, 403- , 

O'Brien, Percy Wyndham (Earl of 

Thomond), 232-237, 242, 245, 

246, 248. 
Odeland, John, loi. 
Offerings in church, 105, 403, 405. 

Ogis, 383, 384- r. , r> . 
Okehampton, 486. See also Courtenay. 
Old Court in Carhampton, 317. 
Olditch in Thorncombe (Devon), 30. 
Oldley, John, 304. 
Oke House in Carhampton, 348. 
Opie, John, painter, 261, 271. 
Opy, Philippa, 511. 
Robert, 365, 511. 
Orange, William, Prince of, 206. 
Orchard. See Wyndham. 
Orchard, John and Alice, 289. 
Paul and Mary, 518. 
Paul, 518. 
Ordnance, Committee of, 196. 
Osbern, Ralph son of, 384. 

John, Constable of Dunster, 24, 29, 

30,47,49,296,297. 
William, Constable of Dunster, 
afterwards steward, 281, 282. 
Ostend (Belgium), 269. 
Otterhampton. See Everard. 
Otterv, Oltery Fleming, Ottery 
Mohun (Devon), i, 19, 21, 29-31, 
33. See also Carew. 
Owl Knowle (now) in Timberscombe, 

coins found at, 170, 171 
Oxford (Oxford), 27, 34, 60, 130, 186, 
189, 194, 474- 
the Crown tavern at, 219. 
the Star at, 222. 
University of, 523. 

' Caution monev ' at, 222. 
Chancellor of. See Luttrell, John. 
Ashmolean Museum, 380. 
All Souls College, 533. 
Balliol College, 533. 
Brasenose College, 273. 
Broadgates Hall, 514. 



S88 



INDEX 



Oxford, contd. 

Christ Church, 204, 218, 219, 222, 
269, 270, 273, 535. 

Exeter College, 271, 452, 484, 485, 
494, 516, 521,531, 537. 

Hart Hall, 476. 

Lincoln College, 176, 179, 184. 

Magdalen College, 275. 

Oriel College, 270, 272. 

Pembroke College, 204. 

Queen's College, 227, 262, 535. 

St. Alban Hall, 473, 537. 

Trinity College, 453. 
Oxford, Bishop of. See Fell. 
Oxford, Earl and Countess of. See 

Vere. 
Oyly, Maud daughter of Henry d', 63. 



Pacchehole, Thomas, carpenter, 303, 

357-359- 
Paisley (Scotland), Abbot of, 149. 
Palestine. See Holy Land. 
Palmer, Thomas, antiquary, 70, 74, 
158. 

Sir Thomas, 147. 
Palton, Joan daughter of Sir John, 71. 

Sir John, 71, 72. 

Sir Thomas, 72. 

Sir William, no, 11 1. 
Panmure (Scotland), the laird of, 151. 
Paramatta (New South Wales), 528. 
Paris (France), 164, 493. 
Parker, George, Viscount, 263. 
Parlebienshay in Dunster, 298. 
Parliament, the ' merciless ', 449. 
Parliament, summonses to, 37, 38, 45, 

505, 506. 
Parnham (Dorset). See Strode. 
Parry, Sir Thomas, 171. * 

Partridges, 343. 
Paschal candle, 394, 395. 
Patteson John, 265, 266. 
Paulet, Captn. 182. 
Paunsefote, Walter, escheator in 

Somerset, 114. 
Pawlet manor, 64, 71. 

the lady of, 82. 
Payne, Mr. 234. 
Payneil, Adam, 63. 

Alexander and Agnes, 63. 

Alice daughter of William, 63. 

Ellis, Prior of Holy Trinity, York, 

63. 
Frethesant daughter of William, 

61, 63. 
Jordan and Gertrude, 63. 
Isabel daughter of William, 61, 63. 
Jordan and Agnes, 63. 
Ralph and Maud, 62, 63. 



Richard, 63. 

William, of Bampton, 17. 

William, 63, 65. 

William and Avice, 63. 

family and estate, 2, 61-64. 
Paynter, John, 400. 
Peas, green, at Christmas, 82. 
Pekin (China), 538. 
Pelham, Mr., 234. 
Pembroke, ' Earl ' of, 80, 81. 

Marshals, Earls of, 32. 

See Herbert. 
Penang (Malay), 270. 
Pendennis Castle (Cornwall), 198. 
Penny, Giles, 179. 
Penryn (Cornwall). See Trefusis. 
Penvoyce (Cornwall). See Nicolls. 
Percare, William, chaplain, 115. 
Perceval family, 272. 
Percies, the rising of the, 73. 
Percy, Alexander de, 384. 

Sir Henry, 73. 
Perderiall, William, a Breton pris- 
oner, 90. 
Periam, John, 230, 235, 236. 
Perle, Walter and Hawis, 471. 
Perring, John, 269. 
Pers, Simon, 400, 401. 
Person, William, 91, 327. 
Peterborough, Lord, 240. 
Petherton, North. See Sydenham. 
Petherton, South. See Hele. 
Pewter, 215. 
Peyntore, Walter, 121. 
Pheasants, 343. 
Phelips, Edith daughter of Richard, 

440. 
Phelp, Walter, 304. 
Phelps, Richard, painter, 224, 227, 

260, 334, 428. 
Philip, a carpenter, 97. 

the carter, 314. 
Philippes, John, 400. 
Phipps, Charles, 263. 
Picardy (France), 558. 
Picot, 384. 

Pierrepont, Humphrey de, 384. 
Pigeons 117. 
Pilgrimages, pilgrims, 13, 33, 76, 77, 

81, 105, 306, 508. 
Pilton (Devon). See Punchard. 
Pinford manor (Devon), 30. 
Pinkie, battle of, 142. 
Pinto, a Portuguese merchant, 137, 

138. 
Pipe, the clerk of the, 87. 
Piper's Inn, 535. 
Pitt, Meliora, 473. 

Thomas, 494. 

William, statesman, 243, 244. 
Pixton in Dulverton, 224. 



INDEX 



589 



Plague, the, at Dunster, 186. 
Plantagenet, Arthur, Viscount Lisle, 

439- 
Plate, silver and gilt, 93-95, 117, 129, 

130, 139, 141, 173, 200, 214, 217, 

226, 513. 
Plays, 82. 
Pleydell, Edmund Morton and Anne, 

221. 
Plugenet, Alan, 35. 
Plumer, Thomas (Master of the Rolls), 

264. 
Plymouth (Devon), 206, 215, 544. See 

also Maddock ; Stucley. 
Plympton, Robert of, 42. 
Poachers, 175, 343. 
Pointer. See Kedley. 
Poitou (France), 60, 62. 
Pole, Admiral Charles Morice, 263, 

264. 
Pollard, Roger, 277. 
Polmangan (Cornwall), 487. 
Polrode (Cornwall), 485. 
Poltimore (Devon). See Bampfield. 
Pommeraie, Gislain and Joan de la, 

16. 
Ponyngys (Poynings), Sir Robert, 91. 
Poole (Dorset), 90-93. See also Knyte; 

Stocker. 
Poole, Dr. 330. 
Mary Ann daughter of Joseph Rus- 

combe, 537. 
Poore, Robert, 292. 
Pope, Richard, 397. 
Popham, Alexander, 184. 
Jane daughter of Sir Francis, 179, 

184. 
Richard, 74, 79, 84. 
Thomas, 72, 74. 

family and arms, 179, 201, 426, 550. 
Popper's Cross in Carhampton, 348. 
Porlock, 39, 40, 294, 456, 472, 533. 

Sec also Phelps ; Sparkhayes. 
Sir- Roges of, 279. 
Porpoises, 97. 
Port, Henry de, 383. 
Portishead, 475. See also Morgan. 
Portland, Duke of, 268. 
Portman, Viscount, 273. 
Portman, John, 287. 

Walter, iii, 114, 116. 
Portsmouth (Hants), 91, 161, 206,529. 
Portugal, 88, 137, 375. 
Potheridge (Devon). See Monk. 
Pottesham. See Putsham. 
Poughill (Devon). See Pyncombe. 
Poulett, Earl, 492. 
Poundesford Park, 131. 
Powderham (Devon), 120, See also 

Courtenay. 
Powell, Andrew, 246. 



Powis, Lord, 240. 
Pownall, Thomas, 256, 257. 
Poyntz, Clement, 464. 

Edward and Margaret, 463, 464. 

Elizabeth relict of Richard, 463. 

Giles, Agnes, and Prudence, 291, 

463, 464- 
Giles, son of Edward, son of John, 
son of Edward, and Anne his 
wife, 464-466. 
Giles, son of Giles and Anne, 290, 

466. 
John, 228, 291, 466, 467. 
Robert, 463. 

family residence and estate, 348, 
465. See also Marsh, Lower. 
Practice oj Piety, the, 179. 
Prater, George, 206. 
Pratt, Charles (Lord Camden), 241. 
Prayer, Book of Common, 423, 427, 

432. 
Prestelonde in Dunster or Carhamp- 
ton, 314. 
Price, Mr. 234. 

Prideaux, Elizabeth daughter of Ni- 
cholas, 200. 
Prigg, Henry, of Exeter, 201. 
Processions, 346-348, 404. 
Provisions, 95-97, 147, 148, 150. 
Prowse, Elizabeth, relict of James, 

495- 

Mrs. 237. 

Thomas, 290. 

Thomas and Jane, 532. 

William, 185. 
Pryer, Roger, 277. 
Prynne, William, antiquary, 97, 198, 

200, 367. 
Puinz, Nicholas, 14. 
Punchard, Mary daughter of John, 

515- 
Pury, Thomas, 100. 
Puryhay in Dunster, 343. 
Pusiinch (Devon), 497, 560. 
Putney Hill (Surrey). See Leader. 
Putsham, 98, 302. 
Putte, Gilbert de la, 281, 282, 445. 

Robert de la, 280. 
Pym, Charles, 202. 

John, 202. 
Pyn, Thomas du, 35. 
Pyncombe, Amy daughter of John, 

520. 
Pyncombe Charity, the, 418. 
Pyne, Lewis and Catherine, 177. 
Pynsonn, William, 396, 397. 
Pyrou, Pero, Gilbert de, 445. 
'Hugh, 336. 

William, 280. 



590 



INDEX 



Q 



Quantockshead, East, 62-73, 75) 79. 
105, 119, 124, 126, 130, 132-136, 
138, 140-142, 162, 166, 172, 173, 
177-179, 202, 274, 296, 509, 511, 
514, 534, 541, 548. 
Church and Rectory, 66, 69, 72, 73, 
75, 105, 119, 126, 139, 140, 168, 

547- 
home farm, 318. 
Manor-house, 132, 136, 138, 175, 

178, 179, 185, 186, 550. 
Park, 136, 160, 174, 179, 202, 344. 
Richard, Rector of, 79. 
Rectors of. Sec Luttrell, Alexander 

Fownes. 
reeve of, 100, 117. 
Question, John, surgeon, 195. 

Dr. 246. 
Quircke, Robert, 336. 



R 



Rack Close in Dunster, 301. 
Radipole (Dorset), 519. 
Radlet, 124, 166. 
Raith (Scotland). See Ferguson. 
Raleigh, Elizabeth daughter of Sir 
Warin de, 69. 

Sir Simon de, 279. 

Sir Warin de, 67, 69. 

Sir Wymond de, 22. 
Ralph, tenant of Avill, 434. 
Ramsgate (Kent), 269. 
Rancliffe, Lord, 267. 
Reading (Berks), 535. 
Reason, Hugh, 525, 526. 
Recusants, 165, 177. 
Rede, John, 90. 
Redlinch, 10. 
Reeve, office of, 319, 320. 
' Reeve 's Ale ', 278. 
Reghmede, la, in East Quantocks- 
head, 71. 
Regiments : — 

Footguards, 525. 

Grenadier Guards, 26, 275. 

Lambert's, 192. 

Luttrell's, 206. 

Marines, 219, 526. 

Rifle Brigade, 275, 537. 

Royal Horseguards Blue, 260. 

Skippon's, 193. 

19th Foot, 206. 

31st Foot, 219. 

45th Foot, 526. 

49th Foot, 260. 

89th Foot, 260. 
Regni, Sir John de, 277. 



' Regraters ', 305, 307. 

Reskimer, Anne daughter of William, 
483. 

Retford (Nottingham), 497. 

Revels, 162, 180. 

Reynell, George and Amy, 184, 203, 
204. 

Reynolds, Elizabeth, 510. 
Sir Joshua, portrait by, 260. 

Rhinegrave, the, 151, 152. 

Rhuddlan (Flint), 33. 

Richard, King of Almain, 35. 

Richard, Robert son of, 384. 

Richards, Rice, 320. 

Ridley. See Kedley. 

Rixen, 124, 126. 

Robert, keeper of the horses, 82, 100. 
the Hunter, 277. 
priest of Alexander Hody, 121. 

Roberts, Mr. 258. 

Robinson, John, politician, 256. 
Major William, Governor of Dun- 
ster Castle, 195, 197, 199. 

Roche Abbey (York), 65. 

Rochester Castle (Kent), 349. 

Rockhead in Dunster, 339. 

Rodbourne (Wilts), 527. 

Rodes, Ralph de, 61. 

Rodhuish in Carhampton, now in 
Withycombe, 48, 166, 202, 343, 

348, 531- 

tithing-man of, 313. 

Uphill in, 269. 
Rogers, Mary, 517. 

Sir Richard and Cecily, 549. 

Richard, 141. 

arms of, 549. 
Roger's house in Carhampton, 348. 
Roges, Elizabeth daughter of Simon 

de, 39- 

son of Simon, 277. 
Rondevin, Hugh, 277. 
Rooke, Sir George and Mary, 215. 
Roos, Lord, 84. 
Roper, Robert, 441. 
Roscarrock, Charles and Margaret, 

485- 
Rosuggan, John and Joan, 482. 
Rouen (France), siege of, 543. 
Rouston (Lincoln), 497. 
Rowe, Prudence daughter of George, 

464. 
Robert, 465. 
Royal Oak, proposed Order of the, 

201. 
Royton (Lancaster), 67. 
Rughe, Walter, 327. 
Ruishton, 93. 
Rumilly, Avice de, 63. 
Russell, Lord John, 272. 
Mr. 258. 



INDEX. 



591 



Russell, contd. 

William, 82, 100. 
Ryce, Mary daughter of Sir Gnfhth, 
142, 162. 

John, Vicar of Dunster, 414. 

arms of, 164. 
Kyvers, John, 458, 459. 

Robert, 116, 117, 458, 459- 



Sabian, 384- 

St. Albans (Hertford), 122, 127, 522. 

St. Albyn, Aubyn, Joan, 479- 

Mr. 339- 

John, 232. 

Lancelot, 226. 
St. Aniand, Amaury de, 36. 
St. Audries, 534- 
St. Buryan (Cornwall), 326. 
St. David's, Bishop of, 84, 85. See also 

Mainwaring. 
St. Decumans, 442. 
St. Ewe (Cornwall), 494. 
St. Inglevert near Calais, 78. 
St. Ives, (Cornwall), Rector of. See 

Castro. 
St. John, Edward, 116. 

Henrv, 4i7- , , 

St. John of Jerusalem, Hospital of, 

507, 541. 
St. Leger, Arthur, (Viscount Done- 

raile) and Elizabeth, 494. 
Ste. Mere Eglise, William de, 13, 14- 
St. Pinnock (Cornwall), 484. 
St. Nicholas, the clerks of, mummers, 

83- 
St. Nicholas, Isle of Wight, 514. 
Salisbury, cathedral church of, 41, 
470. 
Bishop and chapter of, 470. 
Canon of. See Luttrell, Robert. 
Dean, Precentor, and Succentor of, 
388. 
Salisbury, Elizabeth, Countess of, 

wifeofWilliam, 56, 57, 83. 
Saltash (Cornwall), 522. 
Saltby manor (Lincoln), 508. 
Salter, George, 336. 
Saltern Lane in Carhampton, 342, 

347- 
Salt Marsh in Dunster, 291, 292. 
Saltren, Thomas and Margaret, 517. 
Salvin, Anthony, architect, 381, 382. 
Sampford Arundel, manor, 105. 
Sandhill in Withycombe, 269, 348. 
Sandwich, Sir Ralph of , 68. 
Santiago (Spain), pilgrimages to, 33, 

77- 
Sarsden House (Oxford) . Sec Langston . 



Sartrye, Thomas, sacristan of Bruton, 

114. 
Saunton in Braunton, 82, 91-93. 105, 

141,514,519,520,525.527- 
Sauvey Castle (Leicester), 19. 
Savage, James, author, 70, 302, 331. 
Savage, Lord, 486. 
Scamerdon, gallows at, in Dunster, 

297. 
Scherpe, 287. 
Scobell, Mr. 491. 
Scolemayster, John, 101. 
Lawrence, 303. 
Richard, 343. 
Scotland and Scots, 65, 69, 142-156 

166, 504, 530. 
Scrope, Beatrice daughter of Sir 

Geoffrey, 506, 508. 
Constance daughter of Sir Geoffrey, 

507- 
arms, 542. 
Scutt, Gilbert, 390. 
Sedgemoor, battle of, 205. 
Seeman, Enoch, portraits by, 223. 
Segrave, Christian daughter of John, 

39- 
Seine river (France), 558. 
Selwood Forest, 10. 
Selworthy, 274, 442. 

Thomas Denays, parson of, 343. 
Sempringham Priory (Lincoln), 66. 
Seymour, Edward (Duke of Somerset) 
and Anne, 122, 123, 142, 145- 
148, 150-152, 439, 440- 
Seynsbury, Reynold, Margaret, and 

Catherine, 326. 
Seynt Jon. See St. John. 
Shaftesbury, 92, 108. See also Bien. 
Shaftesbury, Earl of, 523, 524. 
Shapwick, 22. 
Sheen (Surrey), 54. 
Sheerness (Kent), 218. 
Sheldon, Eleanor daughter of Ralph, 

475- 
Gilbert, Archbishop of Canterbury, 

475- 
Shelley, Henry and Mary, 165. 
Sheotemouth in Old Cleeve, 296. 
Sheppard, Jane, 526. 
Shepton Mallet, shambles at, 332. 
Sherborne (Dorset), 131, 180. See 

also Cooper. 
Sherborne, John, Lord, 417. 
Shereveton. Sec Shurton. 
Shervidge in Kilton, 4. 
Shiffner, Henry, 236-252, 376. 
Ships : — 

Collingwood, 537. 

Colossus, 529. 

Double Rose, 143. i45- 

Experiment, 528. 



592 



INDEX 



Ships, contd. 

Governor Macqnarie, 528. 

Herald, 529. 

Howell, 81. 

Impetiteux, 529. 

Leonard, of Dunster, 88. 

Mary Hamborough, 146. 

Mediterranean, 529. 

Namnr, 529. 

Porpoise, 528. 

Sacre, 143. 

Sf. Mar/c Cog, 294. 

F/c/or>', 476. 

Will oil gliby, 143. 
Shilves in Carhampton, 348. 
Shobrooke (Devon). See Cotton. 
Short, John, 246. 
Shotover (Oxford), 34. 
Shrewsbury, Earl of, 123. 
Shuckburgh, Sir Charles, 417. 
Shurton in Stoke Courcy, 4, 295, 

296, 384, 386, 388, 391. 
Sindercombe, Catherine daughter of 

Gregory, 532. 
Singleton, Grace daughter of Richard, 

496. 
Skibbercliff, in Carhampton, 342. 
Skillacre, in Dunster, 346, 412, 511. 
Skippon, Major Gen. 193. 
Skory, Sir Edmund and Silvestra, 

178, 179, 186. 
Skutt, Margaret daughter of Anthony, 

441. 
Skynner, Thomas, 99. 
Slape, 440. 

Slowley, Slaworthi,in Luxborough,2o. 
Slug, John, 98, 103. 
Smyth, Cecily, 134. 

Sir J. H. Greville, 273. 

Sir James and Bridget, 484. 

Thomas, 358. 
Snell, William, 335. 
Snuff, 210. 

Soldiers, pay of, 149, 151, 156. 
Soldon (Devon). See Prideaux. 
Somer, John, a friar, 107. 
Somerset, 54, 109, 122, 125, 130, 132, 

167, 363- 
County Council, 339. 
Fencible Infantry, 260. 
Militia, 180, 270. 
Sheriffsof,4, 7,73, 86, no, 122,131, 

137, 170, 175. 179. 200, 237, 425, 

537- 

West, Foxhounds, 270, 273. 
Somerset, Duke of. See Seymour. 

Earl of, 14, 25. 

Mohun Earldom of, 7, 25, 26, 49. 
Somerton, 45, 236. 
Somery, Margaret de, 63, 64. 

Ralph de, 63. 



Sir Roger de, 66. 
Southampton, Hampton (Hants), 87, 

90-93- 
Southcote, Sir Edward and Frances, 
519, 520. 

John Henry and Margaret, 261. 

Mary daughter of Sir George, 484. 

family, 261. 
Southwark (Surrey), 559. 
Spain, 269, 375. 
Sparkhayes in Porlock, 456. 
Spaxton,i33, 512, 513. Sa' a/so Collard. 
Speccot, Sir John and Jane, 483. 
Speke Col. 457 

George, 416, 457. 

Sir George and Elizabeth, 141,457. 

John, 457. 
Spencer, Earl, 275. 
Spencer, Sir Thomas, 204. 
Sper, Spere, John, chaplain, 303. 

William, 338. 
Spices, 103. 
Spinnage and Crompton, decorators, 

376. 
Sport, 132, 250. 
Spurrier, Caleb, 342. 
Squibb, Elizabeth, 476. 
Stable accounts, 98, 99. 
Stafford, Edmund, Bishop of Exeter, 

77- 
Humphrey, Earl of Stafford, Duke 

of Buckingham, 118, 119 
Sir Humphrey, 118. 
Joan, 438. 

John, Bishop of Bath and Wells, 
Archbishop of Canterbury, 118, 
119. 
Richard, 438. 
Stamford (Lincoln), chantry at, 66. 
Stanhope, Cordelia daughter of Sir 

John, 486. 
Stanley family, 8, 52. 
Stannaries in Devon and Cornwall, 

54. 485- 

Stanton (Derbj')- See Sheldon. 

Stanton Drew. See Skutt. 

Stanton, Philip and Monour, 511. 

Stapleton, Florence Blanche daughter 
of the Rev. Henry Elliot, 537. 

Star Chamber, the, 135, 175, 197, 
461, 462. 

Staunton, Staunton Downhead, Staun- 
ton in Dunsterdene, Staunton 
Fry, 229, 230, 276, 385, 412, 436, 

443-454- 
Staverton (Devon). See Rowe. 
Stawell, Lord, 269, 417, 418. 

Lady, 417. 
Stawell, George, 201. 

Sir John, 181. 

Stewkley, 417. 



INDEX 



593 



Stentvvill in Cutcombe, 391. 
Stephen, King, 5, 6, 9. 
Stephens, John and Eleanor, 516. 
Steple (Dorset), 475- , ^^ , 

Stucley, Anne daughter of Charles, 
220. 
Sir W. Lewis, 518. 
Stewkley, Elizabeth relict of Hugh, 

425, 432. 

George and Jane, 122, 289. 
George son of Hugh, 425. 
Hugh, 159, 172, 413-416, 424- 
Sir Hugh, 291, 415, 430- 
Joan daughter of Hugh, 172, 173, 

425- 
Margaret daughter of Hugh, 425. 

Richard, 289. 

Sarah daughter of Sir Hugh, 418, 
Susan daughter of Hugh, 172. 
family and arms, 176,269, 329, 417, 

426, 427, 429. 
tabular pedigree of, 417. 

Stocker, Anthony and Margaret, 441. 
Anthony and Sarah, 442. 
Capel, 206. 
John and Edith, 440. 
John and Elizabeth, 440. 
John and Margaret, 440, 441. 
Col. John, 321, 441. 
John, 442. 

William and Mary, 441, 442. 
Stockhey, Sir Robert and Elizabeth 

of, 40. 
Stockland,4,64, 71, 178, 383, 385, 386. 

See also Shurton. 
Stoford, Thomas and Agnes, 496. 
Stogumber, 122, 126, 205, 442. 
Stoke Courcy, 203, 296, 521. See also 

Marys ; Shurton. 
Stoke Damarel (Devon), 494. 
Stoke Fleming (Devon), 29, 30, 33. 

See also Southcote. 
Stoke, John of, Canonof Glasney, 478 . 
Stokes, Matthia daughter of Sir 

William, 471. 
Stone, John, bondman, 319. 
John, mason, 361. 
Walter, fisher, 304. 
William, clothier, 103, 115. 
Stonehall (Suffolk), 124, 167. 
Stoneley, Oliver of, 509. 
Stou, 287. 

Stoukedostre, Alice, 287. 
Stourton, Sir John, letter from, 109, 

John, no. 
Stoway, Thomas, 290. 
Stowey, Nether, 114, 222. 
Stowey and Jones, surveyors, 334, 

377- 
Stradling, Edward and Philippa, 511. 
Strange, Sir John and Maud le, 52. 



Richard le. Lord of Knockin and 
Mohun, 52, 57, 83. 

arms of, 55. 
Stranraer (Scotland), 530. 
Stratton, John and Elizabeth, 107. 
Strawberry Mill (Middlesex), 380. 
Streatley (Berks), 19, 30, 36, 37. 48- 
Strecche, Catherine relict of John,i04. 

Sir John, 105. 

Michael, 99. 
Strechleye, John, 72. 
Street, G.E., architect, 337, 432- 
Stretton in the Fields (Derby). See 

Cave-Brown. 
Strode, John and Margaret, 172-174. 

Sir Robert and Mary, 171. 

Stroude, , 246. 

Stuart, Douglas Wynne and Marcia, 

536. 
Stuckey's Banking Company, 559. 
Sturminster Marshal (Dorset), 33, 48- 
Suakim (Egypt), 275. 
Sudbury. See Chipping Sodbury. 
Sudbury, Simon of. Bishop of London, 

49, 50. 
Suffolk, 109, 122, 125. 
Sumpterman, John, 58. 
Surderval, Maud daughter of Richard 

de, 63. 
Sutton, Agnes daughter of Sir Richard 
de, 506. 
arms of, 507, 542. 
Sutton, Robert of. Prior of Bath, 391. 
Sutton Place near Guildford (Surrey), 

164. 
Swan-upping, 160. 
Sweating sickness, the, 161, 481. 
Sydenham, Col. 188. 

George and Elizabeth, 413, 440. 
John, 456. 

Silvester and Joan, 461, 402. 
Ursula, 463. 
family, 206. 
Sydling St. Nicholas (Dorset). See 

Hardy. 
Symes, William, 306. 
Symonds, Lucy daughter of Thomas, 
201. 



Tailebois, Joan, daughter of Henry, 

509- 

Sir Walter, 509. 
Taillor, Taillour, Geoffrey, 305. 

Hugh, 100. 

Laurence, 99. 

William, 297. 
Tailors' charges for clothes, 207-213. 



594 



INDEX 



Talbot, John and Elizabeth, Viscount 
and Viscountess Lisle, and Eliza- 
beth their daughter, 438, 439. 
Tallage, exemption from, 278. 
Tamerton Foliott (Devon). Sec Mad- 
dock. 
Tapley Park (Devon). See Clevland. 
Taunton, 82, 98, 116, 131, 183, 187, 
188, 194, 198, 205, 224, 232, 235, 
241, 261, 510, 519. 
Castle, 121, 195, 196, 199. 
Crown tavern, 226. 
cloth, 300. 

Archdeacon of, 80, 412. 
Canons of, 9. 
Taunton, John, 99. SeealsoMerchaunt. 
Tavistock (Devon), 275, 452, 495, 496. 

Abbot of, 478. 
Tawton, South (Devon), 556. 
Tay, river (Scotland), 145, 147, 151. 
Taylor, Hannah daughter of William, 

529- 
John and Denise, 496. 
Tenebra, 395. 

Tenters, or racks for cloth, 299. 
Tessy sur Vire (Normandy), 11-13. 
Tetton in Kingston, 224, 226, 260. See 

also Dyke. 
Tewrkesbury (Gloucester), 127. 
Theobald, Archbishop of Canterbury, 

385, 443. 
Thermes, M. de, 154. 
Thimelby family, 510. 
Thomond, Earl of. See O'Brien. 
Thompson, Dorothy daughter of 

Roger, 476. 
Thornhill, Sir James, painter, 373. 
Thorp (Lancaster), 67. 
Thorverton (Devon), 75. See also 

Chilton Luttrell. 
Threshers, 322, 323. 
Thresshe, John, 361. 
Tibetot, Ada, 38. 
Robert, 36, 39, 69. 
arms of, 548. 
Timberscombe, 272, 434, 442, 553. 
Tirwhit, Robert 86. 
Titchfield (Hants), 47. 
Tiverton (Devon), 188. 
Tizard, Edward and Judith, 477. 
Todbere (Dorset), 12. 
Toge, M. de, 154. 
Tolose, Benedict, 344. 
Tolverne (Cornwall). Sec Arundel. 
Tonbridge (Kent), 528. 
Tony, Roger de, 556. 
Toomer. See Carent. 
Torre, Tor Mohun, Torquay (Devon), 
I, 17, 19, 20, 27, 28, 36, 48, 270, 

276, 434- 
Torre, Simon and Lucy de la, 435. 



Tort, Geoffrey le, 280. 

Ralph le, 281-283. 
Totnes (Devon), races at, 269. 
Touker, Toker,Towker, John,i2i,305. 

Robert, 298. 

Thomas, of Dunster, 287, 298. 

Thomas, of Old Cleeve, no, 116. 
Townsend, Sarah, 417, 418. 
Townshend, Charles, statesman, 243, 

245, 248. 
Townswood, in Dunster, 467. 
Tracy, Henry de, 6, 7. 
Trade, Board of, 295, 296. 
Tranter, Robert, 526. 
Treasure trove, 170, 297, 308. 
Treasury, the, 530. 
Treborough, quarries at, 357. 
Treffry, John and Joan, 482. 
Trefusis, Jane daughter of Thomas, 

483- 

Thomas and Mary, 483. 

Sibella, sister of Thomas, 495. 
Tregonwell, Mary daughter of John, 
205. 

arms, 368, 550. 
Tregoz family, 2. 
Trelawny, Anne relict of John, 483. 

Dorothy daughter of Sir John, 494. 

Sir John and Elizabeth, 484. 
Tremayle, Thomas, judge, 403. 
Trenchard, John son of Christine, 472. 

arms, 502. 
Trencreke, Honor daughter of John, 

483. 

estate, 494. 
Trevanian, Joan daughter of Sir 

William, 482. 
Trevelyan, George and Margaret, 182. 

George, 226. 

Joan relict of Hugh, 520. 

Sir John, 131, 290, 309. 

John and Margaret, 177. 

Sir John, 220, 222, 226, 237. 

Margaret daughter of Sir John, 222. 

Thomas, 170. 

arms of, 551. 
Trevenna (Cornwall). Sec Roscarrok. 
Trewane (Cornwall). See Nicholls. 
Trewynard, Matthew and Isabel, 482. 
Trivet, Sir Thomas, judge, 70. 
Trot, Trott, Catherine daughter of 
Sir John, 417. 

Hugh, 139. 
Truro (Cornwall). See Singleton. 
Tuchet, Sir John, 114. 
Turf, 281, 282, 307, 340, 384. 
Turin (Piedmont), 375. 
Tynte, Sir Halswell, 205. 
Tythrop House (Oxford), 368. 



INDEX 



595 



Ugborough (Devon), 17, 36, 48, 477. 
Upcot, Thomas, merchant, 400, 401, 

405- 
Upwey (Dorset), 472. See also Gould. 



Vaga, Perino del, painter, 376. 
Vanderbank, John, portraits by, 223, 

224. 
Van Dieman's Land, 528. 
Van Somer, Paul, painter, 382. 
Vases of tin, 102. 
Vaus, Robert de, Vicar of Dunster 

387- 
Veel, Sir Peter de, 48. 
Venables, John, 74. 
Venn, in Heathfield, 202, 220, 374. 
Vere, Sir Aubrey de, 49, 50. 

Elizabeth de. Countess of Oxford, 

135- 

Elizabeth relict of Sir John de, 76. 

Hugh de. Earl of Oxford, 26. 

Robert de. Marquess of Dublin, 
Duke of Ireland, 448, 449. 
Vernon, Juliana de, 17, 556. 
Vesey, John de, 36, 353. 
Vexford, 124, 126, 133, 166, 202. 
Victor Amadeus of Savoy, 375. 
Vilers, a crossbowman, 18. 
Villiers, Col. George, 219. 
Virginia (America), 495. 



W 

Wadham, John, 450. 

William, 109. 
Wagland in Dunster, 410. 
Wake, Lady Blanche, 41. 
Wakefield, battle of, 122, 123. 
Waldingfield (Suffolk), 77. 
Walerand family, 296. 
Wales, 80, 81, 180-182, 295, 543. 
Wales, Princes of, 131, 186, 187, 274. 
Waleys, Simon, 343. 
Walker, Robert, 200. 
Walkhampton Rectory (Devon), 34. 
Walo, 443. 
Walpole, Horace, 380. 

Sir Robert, 523. 
Walsingham (Norfolk), Prior and 

Convent of, 138. 
Walter the webber, 297. 
Walters, Martha, 528. 

— ,266. 
Walton (Northampton), 32. 



Warbeck, Perkin, 131. 
Ward, Sir Roger la, 48. 
Wardour. Sec Arundell. 
Wardropere, Warderope, William, 

115, 116. 
Warkworth (Northumberland), 145. 
Warminster, prebend of, 40. 
Warnere, Waryner, William, 92, 93. 
Warren, Mr. 246, 254. 
Warwick, Earl of, 124. 

Earl of, 240. 
Watchet, 72, 73, 98, 124,277,294,354, 

497. 500. See also Kentsford ; 

Whevere. 
Waterlete, the, in Carhampton 315, 

317, 388, 415. 458- 
Waterloo, battle of, 269. 
Watevill, Sir Robert and Margaret, 

446. 
Watkyns, Ellen, 305. 
Watts, Richard and Anne, 74. 
Wayssford. See Touker. 
Weare, 64, 537. 
Webb, Col. 190. 
Wedderburn, Dorothy daughter of 

Sir William, 275. 
Wedding apparel, 134, 135. 
Welles, barony of, 163. 
Welles, Catherine, 487. 
Wellington, Duke of, 530. 
Wellington, Sir Ralph and Eleanor,42. 
Wellow, 74. 

Wells, 139, 180, 355, 535. 
prebends of, 40, 534. 
the Palace, 380. 
the George Inn, 222. 
Wells, William of, 445. 
Wembury (Devon). See Hele. 
Wentworth, Lord, 190. 
West, Richard, 319. 
Westbury, Lord. See Bethell. 
Weston, (Buckingham), 466. 
Weston, Mary daughter of Cornelius, 

474- 
Thomas and Anne, 531. 
Wey Bayhous (Dorset). See Upwey. 
Weycroft. (Devon). See Brook. 
Weymouth (Dorset), 475. See also 

Dennis. 
Wharton, Thomas, 464. 
Whatcombe House (Dorset). Sec Pley- 

dell. 
Wheddon, Robert and Margaret, 511. 
Whevere, William, iii. 
Whichford (Warwick), 7-9,15, 18, 19, 

36, 37, 40, 52. 
Whitchurch (Hants), 472. 
White, Humphrey and Dorothy, 165. 

Mr. 226. 
Whitelackington. See Speke. 
Whiteway (Dorset). See Chaldecot. 



596 



INDEX 



White wyke, 514. 

Whittlesford (Cambridge). See Sy- 

monds. 
Whitwell (Devon), 69. 
Whitworth, Sir Charles, 230, 232-240, 

242, 246-253, 256. 
Francis, 230, 231. 
Whorts, 281, 345. 
Wibwell in Heathfield, 124. 
Wideslade, Richard of, 478. 
Wight, Isle of, 206. 
Willett. See Blommart, 
Wilkyns, Adam, 400. 
William the clerk, 384. 

the fuller, 297. 
William, Thomas son of, 67. 
William called ' Lytelwille, ' 92. 
Williams, a goldsmith, 533. 
Williton, 74, 167, 202, 223, 270, 302 

See also Fitzurse ; Myryman. 
Wiltshire, Earl of, 123. 
Wimborne (Dorset), 93. 
Winchelsea (Sussex), 248. 
Winchester (Hants), 7, 536. 
Winchester, Bishop of, 11, 386. See 

also Courtenay. 
Winchilsea, Earl of, 205. 
Windsor (Berks), 35, 124, 504. 
Windsor, William and Agnes of, il. 
Wine, 89, 93, 97, 99, 103, 112, 201- 

203, 277, 324, 325, 440. 
Wine-press, the, 324. 
Winsford, 512 

Winterbourne (Gloucester), 497. 
Wither, Wyther, John and Agnes, 

400-402. 
Withycombe, 167, 202, 272, 321, 348, 

436. 
Wilaller in, 456. 
See also Fitzurse ; Hadley ; Rod- 

huish ; Sandhill. 
Wittenham, Little (Berks), 553. 
Wiveliscombe, 302, 519. See Capps. 
' Wodewater, ' 298. 
Wogan, John and Diana, 178. 
Wolavington, 97, 117. 
Wolridge, Christopher and Joan, 496. 
Wolsey, Cardinal, 461. 
Wolston manor (Devon), 105. 
Wolverhampton (Staff.). See Bearsley. 
Wolveton (Dorset), 472. See also 

Trenchard. 
Wood, Anthony, antiquary, 204. 

Robert, 263. 
Woodbridge, James, 265-267. 
Woodhall (Suffolk), 124, 167. 
Woodville, Mary, 124. 
Wootton Courtenay, 167, 272. See 

also Stone ; Thresshe. 
Wootton Fitzpaine (Dorset), 382. See 

also Drewe. 



Worcester, battle of, 370. 
Worcester, William of, 124. 
Worral, Edward and Judith, 477,502. 
Worth, Andrew, 292. 

Richard, 177, 299. 
Wosham, John, 47. 
Wotton. See Wootton Courtenay. 
Wraxall, 519. See also Gorges. 
Wreck of sea, 12, 295, 296. 
Wrotham, William of, 14. 
Wydevill, Richard, Seneschal of Nor- 
mandy, 95. 
Wylkyns, John, 290. 
Wyndham, Charles, Earl of Egre- 
mont, 232, 235-237, 239-242. 

Col. Francis, 182, 183, 188-194. 

Hopton, 206. 

Lady, 194. 

Margaret daughter of Sir Thomas, 
134) 135- >See also Luttrell. 

Thomas, 146, 155, 157, 160, 161, 559. 

Thomas, of Kentsford, 177. 

Sir William 216, 223. 

arms of, 513, 547. 
Wynne, Owen and Dorothy, 522. 
Wyschard, Roger, 287. 



Yard, Dorothy daughter of Edward, 
133, — , 220. 

Yardly, Robert and Elizabeth, 475. 

Yarmouth (Norfolk), 263. 

Yarn. See Cloth. 

Yarnscombe (Devon), 465. See also 
Trevelyan. 

Yarte, Thomas, 458. 

Yates, Oswald Vavasour and Marga- 
ret Jane, 538. 

Yeatman, Edward Jordan and Caro- 
line Lucy, 535. 

Yeovil, 132. 

Yevelchestre. See Ilchester. 

Yllycombe. See Ellicombe. 

York (York), the Grey Friars, 39. 
Priory of Holy Trinity, 63. 

York, Archbishop of, 506. 

York, Edward, Duke of, 52, 57, 83, 
84. 
Edward, Duke of (Edward IV.), 

122, 123. 
Philippa, Duchess of, 51, 52, 57, 
83, III, 501. 

Yorke, Roger and Eleanor, 133. 
Walter and Walthean, 133. 

Young, Mary daughter of John, 417. 



Zincke, C.F. enameller, 223. 
Zouche, William la, 33. 



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